Nutrition 225 OSU Final Study Guide
! kg is equal to how many pounds?
2.2 pounds
Complete avoidance of all alcoholic beverages is the only way for most people who abuse alcohol to achieve full and ongoing recovery. A) True B) False
A) True
In women, alcohol intake above two drinks per day can greatly increase the risk of death. A) True B) False
A) True
Many minerals are absorbed better from animal food sources than from supplements. A) True B) False
A) True
The iron in breakfast cereal is absorbed more readily when consumed with a glass of vitamin C-rich orange juice. A) True B) False
A) True
Toxicity to water-soluble vitamins is most often due to the over-use of high-potency vitamin supplements. A) True B) False
A) True
It's noontime and Maya plans to cook a turkey breast for that night's dinner. She wants to thaw it thoroughly before she cooks it. Which of the following would be an appropriate method of thawing the poultry? A) Use a microwave. B) Leave the turkey breast on a plate on the kitchen counter throughout the day. C) Place the turkey breast in a basin of warm water on the kitchen counter for at least four hours. D) Place the frozen turkey breast on a top refrigerator shelf for about four hours.
A) Use a microwave.
Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to be in positive nitrogen balance? A) a woman who is six months pregnant B) an athlete who is consuming 500 Calories a day C) a fire victim with severe burns D) a college student who is in good health
A) a woman who is six months pregnant
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in soup, iodine in table salt, and beet extract in strawberry ice cream are all examples of A) additives. B) stabilizers. C) preservatives. D) genetically modified organisms.
A) additives.
46. How much trans fat is recommended in the diet? A) as little as possible B) 3% of total energy intake C) 5% of total energy intake D) less than 10% of total energy intake
A) as little as possible
To conserve body protein for its vital functions and not use it to provide energy, you should A) eat adequate amounts of carbohydrate and fat. B) obtain at least 40% of your total energy from protein. C) engage in strength training at least three times a week. D) eat meat daily.
A) eat adequate amounts of carbohydrate and fat.
Which of the following is NOT associated with kwashiorkor? A) flat belly and abdomen B) fatty degeneration of the liver C) loss of hair D) weight loss and muscle wasting
A) flat belly and abdomen
A teratogen is a substance that is capable of A) harming an embryo or fetus. B) causing cancer. C) reducing the effects of a hangover. D) causing brain damage in someone with an alcohol use disorder.
A) harming an embryo or fetus.
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with the effect of alcohol abuse on the liver? A) hyperkalemia B) cirrhosis C) fatty liver D) hepatitis
A) hyperkalemia
Which of the following is a trace mineral? A) iron B) sodium C) sulfur D) calcium
A) iron
A process that uses gamma rays to eliminate harmful bacteria in foods is called A) irradiation. B) aseptic packaging. C) high-pressure processing. D) pasteurization.
A) irradiation.
45. Which of the following are excellent sources of unsaturated fats? A) nuts and nut butters B) full-fat dairy products C) citrus fruits D) beans and rice
A) nuts and nut butters
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), what ratio of Americans experience foodborne illness annually? A) one in six B) one in ten C) one in fourteen D) nearly one in twenty
A) one in six
Which of the following is a major mineral? A) sulfur B) iodine C) iron D) zinc
A) sulfur
Which of the following is used as an antioxidant in many foods? A) vitamin C B) cornstarch C) caramel D) nitrate
A) vitamin C
Carlos is a healthy but sedentary college student. He weighs 175 pounds. About how many grams of protein should he consume each day? A) 55 grams B) 64 grams C) 75 grams D) 84 grams
B) 64 grams
Which of the following observations led to the discovery of vitamin A? A) Chickens fed polished rice developed paralysis. B) Children who regularly ate fish rarely developed a form of blindness common among children who did not eat fish. C) Impoverished people eating a very low-quality diet were at high risk for developing pellagra. D) Sailors on long sea voyages developed scurvy.
B) Children who regularly ate fish rarely developed a form of blindness common among children who did not eat fish.
Exposure to air, heat, and light can break down vitamins, but not minerals. A) True B) False
B) False
Fat-soluble vitamins need to be consumed more frequently than water-soluble vitamins. A) True B) False
B) False
Research shows that smokers benefit from daily supplements of beta carotene. A) True B) False
B) False
Water-soluble vitamins are not toxic; they are harmless even when consumed in megadose amounts. A) True B) False
B) False
Which of the following is TRUE about essential fatty acids? A) The body produces essential fatty acids. B) We need to obtain essential fatty acids from food. C) No vegetables contain essential fatty acids. D) Consumption of essential fatty acids reduces the production of eicosanoids, which can promote cardiovascular disease.
B) We need to obtain essential fatty acids from food.
40. To facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and releases a substance known as A) lipase. B) bile. C) hydrochloric acid. D) bicarbonate.
B) bile.
A complete protein A) contains all 20 amino acids. B) contains all 9 essential amino acids. C) has not been denatured. D) is a polypeptide.
B) contains all 9 essential amino acids.
Which of the following is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States? A) prions B) norovirus C) E. coli D) mold
B) norovirus
Which of the following, found in high-fiber foods, inhibits the absorption of iron and zinc? A) heme B) oxalic acid C) phenol D) pyridoxine
B) oxalic acid
Which of the following is NOT a major function of protein in the human body? A) maintaining fluid balance B) providing energy to the blood cells and brain C) growth and maintenance of new tissue D) synthesis of hormones
B) providing energy to the blood cells and brain
In which of the following foods would Clostridium botulinum be MOST likely to flourish? A) an open jar of pasta sauce left unrefrigerated B) raw honey C) raw eggs, stored on the counter D) unwashed lettuce
B) raw honey
The absorption of amino acids occurs in the A) stomach. B) small intestine. C) large intestine. D) muscle tissues.
B) small intestine.
Which of the following plant-based foods provides the MOST complete protein? A) spinach B) soymilk C) whole-wheat bread D) pinto beans
B) soymilk
What dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body? A) the body's need for a protein B) the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell C) the number of essential amino acids available D) the combination of proteins consumed in the diet
B) the DNA inside the nucleus of the cell
44. The major form of fat in both food and the body is A) phospholipids. B) triglycerides. C) glycerols. D) sterols.
B) triglycerides.
What is the only water-soluble vitamin that can be stored in large amounts in the human body? A) thiamin B) vitamin B12 C) vitamin C D) vitamin D
B) vitamin B12
Which of the following produces a neurotoxin? A) hepatitis A B) Salmonella C) Clostridium botulinum D) Giardia
C) Clostridium botulinum
Which of the following statements about micronutrient absorption is TRUE? A) The body's absorption of micronutrients is somewhat more efficient than the body's absorption of macronutrients. B) The calcium in spinach, nuts, and seeds is absorbed at a higher percentage than the calcium in milk. C) Iron competes with both copper and zinc for absorption across the enterocytes. D) Iron absorption is increased in high-fiber meals and reduced in meals containing vitamin C.
C) Iron competes with both copper and zinc for absorption across the enterocytes.
Which of the following are the preferred fuels for MOST body functions? A) protein and fat B) carbohydrate and protein C) carbohydrate and fat D) fat and ketones
C) carbohydrate and fat
The FDA requires nitrite-containing foods to be supplemented with antioxidants to counteract A) the lack of vital vitamins and minerals. B) asthma, headaches, and immune reactions after eating nitrites. C) carcinogenic nitrosamines produced when nitrites are cooked. D) breathing difficulties and heart palpitations caused by nitrites.
C) carcinogenic nitrosamines produced when nitrites are cooked.
What distinguishes a major mineral from a trace mineral? A) quantity of the mineral found in foods B) quantity of the mineral found in nature C) daily requirement for the mineral and amount found in the body D) importance to the body of the mineral
C) daily requirement for the mineral and amount found in the body
What is the daily recommended intake of saturated fat? A) as little as possible B) less than 5% of total energy intake C) less than 10% of total energy intake D) between 20 and 35% of total energy intake
C) less than 10% of total energy intake
The process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called A) the protein-combining method. B) amino acid sequencing method. C) mutual supplementation. D) protein harmonizing.
C) mutual supplementation.
Insulin is synthesized and released by the A) brain. B) liver. C) pancreas. D) gallbladder.
C) pancreas.
The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the A) stomach. B) liver. C) small intestine. D) large intestine.
C) small intestine.
Significant chemical digestion of protein begins in the A) mouth. B) pharynx. C) stomach. D) pancreas.
C) stomach.
Infection with the hepatitis A virus can result in damage to A) nerves. B) the gastrointestinal tract. C) the liver. D) muscles.
C) the liver.
Your risk for cardiovascular disease is increased if you consume a diet high in A) linoleic acid. B) EPA and DHA. C) trans fatty acids. D) essential fatty acids.
C) trans fatty acids.
Most of the proteins in the body are synthesized from A) nine amino acids. B) eleven amino acids. C) twenty amino acids. D) more than 300 amino acids.
C) twenty amino acids.
Federal nutritional recommendations advise that you eat fish A) daily. B) weekly. C) twice weekly. D) twice monthly.
C) twice weekly.
Phylloquinone and menaquinone are better known as A) ascorbic acid. B) vitamin B12. C) vitamin K. D) vitamin B6.
C) vitamin K.
For males, binge drinking is defined as consuming how many alcoholic drinks on one occasion within a short period of time? A) 2 or more B) 3 or more C) 4 or more D) 5 or more
D) 5 or more
67. Which of the following statements about dietary protein intake is TRUE? A) On average, protein intake recommendations are lower for older adults than for young and middle-age adults. B) The RDA for protein for sedentary adults is 1.2 g per kg of body weight. C) The AMDR for protein is 10% to 25% of total energy intake. D) Athletes have higher protein needs than sedentary adults.
D) Athletes have higher protein needs than sedentary adults.
Which of the following statements is FALSE about the role of fungi in causing adverse food reactions? A) Fungal contamination of food is a common cause of serious illness. B) Fungal growth makes food look unappealing. C) Fungal growth makes food taste unappealing. D) Most fungi that cause disease in humans are not foodborne.
D) Most fungi that cause disease in humans are not foodborne.
Where in the body are the majority of triglycerides stored for future energy needs? A) lipoproteins B) muscle tissue C) liver D) adipose tissue
D) adipose tissue
The letters used to identify the fat-soluble vitamins indicate the A) compound from which the vitamins are synthesized. B) order of importance that the vitamins play in the body. C) abbreviation of the vitamins' chemical name. D) chronological order in which the vitamins were discovered.
D) chronological order in which the vitamins were discovered.
Proteases are A) protein messengers that are released from storage in response to an alteration in the body's homeostasis. B) transport proteins that move substances across cell membranes. C) defense proteins that attack foreign bacteria, viruses, and toxins. D) enzymes that break down protein in the small intestine.
D) enzymes that break down protein in the small intestine.
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with the effect of alcohol abuse on the liver? A) hyperkalemia B) cirrhosis C) fatty liver D) hepatitis
D) hepatitis
What element present in protein is NOT present in carbohydrate or fat? A) carbon B) hydrogen C) oxygen D) nitrogen
D) nitrogen
Which of the following is NOT a type of fungi? A) mushrooms B) molds C) yeasts D) prions
D) prions
A high-fiber diet may A) disturb the GI flora. B) increase the body's production of bile. C) increase the risk of obesity. D) reduce the risk of colon cancer.
D) reduce the risk of colon cancer.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of moderate alcohol intake? A) increased HDL-cholesterol levels B) decreased risk of breast cancer C) improved appetite in the elderly D) reduced risk of age-related dementia
D) reduced risk of age-related dementia
Sex hormones and adrenal hormones are derived from which class of lipid? A) fatty acids B) triglycerides C) phospholipids D) sterols
D) sterols
Alcohol damages the pancreas. One effect of this damage is an increased risk for A) hypoglycemia. B) hyponatremia. C) type 1 diabetes. D) type 2 diabetes.
D) type 2 diabetes.
Research studies suggest that adequate intake of vitamin D is associated with a reduced risk for A) cataracts. B) colon cancer. C) pneumonia. D) type 2 diabetes.
D) type 2 diabetes.
Describe how the stomach is involved in human digestion. Include enzyme and hormone actions that occur here and the role that the stomach plays in the breakdown of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.
Mechanical digestion mixes and churns food with gastric juice into a liquid called chyme. Chemical digestion Pepsin begins digestion of proteins, and gastric lipase begins to break lipids apart. A few fat-soluble substances are absorbed through the stomach wall.
Which of the following actions an individual can take would be LEAST likely to promote "good" food? a. advocating for increased farm subsidies for industrial farms b. purchasing fruits and vegetables at a local farmers market c. advocating for an on-campus food bank d. joining a community garden
a. advocating for increased farm subsidies for industrial farms
*Unless prescribed by a qualified practitioner, taking a single-nutrient supplement is NOT recommended because it a. can quickly lead to nutrient toxicity b. can quickly lead to nutrient deficiency c. can quickly lead to nutrient dependency d. might reduce your appetite
a. can quickly lead to nutrient toxicity
A sensible nutritional strategy for maintaining good health is to a. eat a healthful diet containing a variety of whole foods b. eat foods you like and take a multivitamin and mineral supplement for "insurance" c. eat a healthful diet but take a multivitamin and mineral supplement for "insurance" d. follow a macrobiotic diet and take several single-nutrient supplements
a. eat a healthful diet containing a variety of whole foods
One of the most effective ways to improve the nourishment of children worldwide is to a. encourage breastfeeding. b. provide generous subsidies for infant formula. c. mandate the fortification of infant formula with iron and zinc. d. encourage mothers to wean their infants on or shortly after their first birthday.
a. encourage breastfeeding
In the body, the major storage sites for glycogen are the muscles and a. liver b. kidneys c. gallbladder d. pancreas
a. liver
*Which of the following populations would MOST benefit from taking a regular multivitamin and mineral supplement? (2 answers) a. people with HIV/AIDS or other wasting disease b. people whose exposure to sunlight is inadequate c. children not drinking fluoridated water d. newborns e. pregnant or lactating women
a. people with HIV/AIDS or other wasting diseases AND e. pregnant and lactating women
Which of the following is NOT true about herbal supplements? a. some herbs are effective medicines b. many of the active ingredients in herbal supplements are not known c. licorice root is one of the least harmful herbal supplements known d. some herbal supplements have been found to contain unlabeled prescription drugs
a. some herbs are effective medicines
Which of the following federal programs focuses on increasing inner-city residents' access to nourishing food? a. the CDC's Healthy Corner Stores initiative b. the USDA's National School Lunch Program c. the USDA's Commodity Supplemental Food Program d. the USDA's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
a. the CDC's Healthy Corner Stores initiative
*The FDA does not test any supplement for safety before it is marketed. a. true b. false
a. true
*The FDA must find a supplement unsafe before it can remove the supplement from the market. a. true b. false
a. true
*There are currently no federal guidelines or practices to ensure the purity, quality, safety, and composition of dietary supplements. a. true b. false
a. true
Dietary supplements are NOT substitutes for a healthful diet. a. true b. false
a. true
In 2017, 4.5% of U.S. households experienced very low food security. a. true b. false
a. true
Like drugs, herbs can cause medical problems if not used correctly. a. true b. false
a. true
Weekly quiz: Like drugs, herbs can cause medical problems if not used correctly. a. true b. false
a. true
Weekly quiz: The overall use of dietary supplements among U.S. adults remained stable between 1999-2012; however the patterns of use of individual supplements varied a. true b. false
a. true
Which of the following families is LEAST likely to suffer from food insecurity in the United States? a. two-parent family with two school-age children in a city in the northeastern U.S. b. single Hispanic father of two preschoolers c. single African American mother of a high-school student d. elderly couple with fixed income at 150% of the U.S. poverty threshold
a. two-parent family with two school-age children in a city in the northeastern U.S.
*The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) recommends that women who are pregnant or breastfeeding a. use herbs only with physician approval b. avoid herbs entirely c. take daily doses of echinacea to enhance immune function d. supplement their folate intake with ginger for enhanced absorption
a. use herbs only with physician approval
Which of the following statements about farming in the U.S. is TRUE? a. In community supported agriculture, an entire neighborhood or town purchases and cultivates farmland. b. Over the past decade, the number of small farms (1 to 9 acres) in the U.S. has been stable or increased. c. Slow food is defined as locally grown food sustainably produced. d. All farmers' markets in the U.S. are required by law to accept SNAP benefits for payment.
b. Over the past decade, the number of small farms (1 to 9 acres) in the U.S. has been stable or increased.
Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. dietary supplements do no need approval from the FDA before they are marked b. all supplements sold in the U.S. must contain the U.S.P. symbol c. the liver is often the organ damaged by the use of contaminated dietary supplements d. no federal agency ensures the purity, safety, and quality of dietary supplements
b. all supplements sold in the U.S. must contain the U.S.P. symbol
The program in which a farmer sells a certain number of regular "shares" of locally grown food to the public is known as a. farmers markets b. community supported agriculture c. fair trade d. slow food
b. community supported agriculture
*According to the authors of the 2019 research article titled "Association Among Dietary Supplement Use, Nutrient Intake, and Mortality Among U.S. Adults," the evidence suggests that high nutrient intakes from supplements were associated with reduced mortality whereas adequate nutrient intakes from diet had no effect on mortality. a. true b. false
b. false
*Taking supplements will increase your energy level a. true b. false
b. false
According to the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, dietary supplements are categorized as drugs. a. true b. false
b. false
In the U.S., the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, commonly called "food stamps") ensures that everyone has enough to eat. a. true b. false
b. false
Since the 1960s, high-yield varieties of rice, corn, and wheat have kept millions of people from starving. a. true b. false
b. false
The population MOST likely to benefit from taking a single-nutrient beta-carotene supplement is smokers. a. true b. false
b. false
The regulation of dietary supplements is just as rigorous as the regulation of drugs. a. true b. false
b. false
The use of herbs to promote health and treat discomfort and disease is a relatively recent phenomenon. a. true b. false
b. false
A severe food shortage affecting a large percentage of a population within a given area at a particular time is known as a a. food/population imbalance. b. famine. c. natural disaster. d. nutrition paradox.
b. famine.
Which of the following is NOT a goal of sustainable agriculture? a. increase crop yields b. improve global transportation networks to ship foods c. boost food security d. minimize adverse environment impacts
b. improve global transportation networks to ship foods
One of the main goals of the fair trade movement is to a. improve global transportation networks b. improve the rights and working conditions of farm workers c. eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers in the global food economy d. work with all nations to develop free-trade zones
b. improve the rights and working conditions of farm workers
Paved roads, a reliable supply of electricity, and methods of water management are examples of a. governmental resources. b. infrastructure. c. agricultural techniques. d. natural resources
b. infrastructure.
Which of the following would NOT be classified as an herb? a. thyme used as flavoring b. iodide added to salt c. echinacea taken to prevent colds d. lavender used for its scent
b. iodide added to salt
A geographic region in which resources are insufficient to support the number of people living there is called a. famished b. overpopulated c. transitioning d. malnourished
b. overpopulated
*Which of the following populations is MOST likely to benefit from taking a vitamin D supplement? a. women who may become pregnant b. people with low exposure to sunlight c. people who do not consume adequate calcium d. people on a highly restrictive weight-loss diet
b. people with low exposure to sunlight
Choosing organic, locally grown, or less-processed foods at your grocery store a. discourages the proliferation of small family farms. b. supports the production and sale of such foods. c. discourages the profitability of such foods. d. supports fair trade.
b. supports the production and sale of such foods.
*Who is responsible for determining the safety and efficacy of any dietary supplement? a. the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) b. the manufacturer of the supplement c. the U.S. attorney general d. the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
b. the manufacturer of the supplement
Purchasing organic foods helps protect the environment by encouraging a reduction in a. inefficient small family farms b. the use of toxic and persistent pesticides c. prices for staple foods d. biodiversity
b. the use of toxic and persistent pesticides
The average life expectancy of the poorest Americans is a. the same as the average life expectancy of the wealthiest Americans b. below the average life expectancy of the Namibians c. 10 to 15 years shorter than the average life expectancy of the wealthiest Americans d. now over 78 years
c. 10 to 15 years shorter than the average life expectancy of the wealthiest Americans
*According to the 2016 research article titled "Trends in Dietary Supplement Use Among US Adults from 1999-2012," what percentage of US adults reported use of any dietary supplements in 2011-2012? a. 31% b. 37% c. 52% d. 74%
c. 52%
While shopping, Jenna decided to purchase a bag of coffee bearing the Fair Trade Certified logo. What does this mean? a. No child labor was used in growing or harvesting this coffee. b. Profits from the sale of this coffee will be redistributed equitably to the workers who produced it. c. The coffee was produced by a business that has been certified as paying workers a living wage and providing humane working conditions and is supported in using sustainable methods of production. d. The coffee was produced without the use of toxic and persistent pesticides or synthetic fertilizers, and farm workers were humanely treated and paid the equivalent of the U.S. minimum wage.
c. The coffee was produced by a business that has been certified as paying workers a living wage and providing humane working conditions and is supported in using sustainable methods of production.
Which of the following populations is MOST likely to experience hunger as a result of culturally based patterns of food distribution? a. men b. boys c. girls d. tribal officials
c. girls
The increase in temperature that has occurred near the earth's surface over the past century is known as a. thermal instability b. global thermogenesis c. global warming d. climate change
c. global warming
The post-World War II program to increase worldwide food production through industrial farming techniques is known as the a. Industrial Revolution b. sustainable agricultural movement c. green revolution d. agricultural revolution
c. green revolution
*The words "standardized" or "certified" on an herbal supplement label a. guarantee that the product does not contain lead b. indicate that the producer has followed U.S.P. standards c. have no legal definition for supplements and are no guarantee of product quality d. identify the product as approved by the FDA
c. have no legal definition for supplements and are no guarantee of product quality
The goals of the recent "food movement" include a. developing high-yield varieties of grains and new fertilizers b. subsidizing grain crops and increasing centralization of food production c. protecting the environment and reducing food supply monopolies d. producing more genetically modified crops and providing financial incentives for corporate farms
c. protecting the environment and reducing food supply monopolies
*Which of the following would NOT be an effective strategy to follow when trying to evaluate the safety and quality of a particular supplement? a. look for the Pharmacopoeia (U.S.P.) Verified ark on the label b. buy nationally recognized brands c. purchase products labeled "natural" d. contact the company to request additional info.
c. purchase products labeled "natural"
A healthcare provider would MOST likely prescribe which of the following supplements for a person following a vegan diet? a. vitamins K, D, and E, and iron b. folic acid, copper, and chromium c. riboflavin, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iron, and zinc d. B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and certain herbs
c. riboflavin, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iron, and zinc
What is the primary cause of global undernutrition? a. global food shortages b. failure of the green revolution to diversify crops c. unequal distribution of food due to poverty d. inadequate transportation of networks
c. unequal distribution of food due to poverty
In 2017, approximately what percentage of U.S. households experienced food insecurity? a. 2% b. 5% c. 9% d. 12%
d. 12%
According to a recent national survey conducted by the Wisconsin Hope Lab, what percentage of university students were food insecure in the 30 days preceding the survey? a. 8% b. 16% c. 22% d. 36%
d. 36%
Which of the following individuals would NOT be eligible to receive the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) benefits? a. Bonita, a three-month-old infant b. Juan, a two-year-old child c. Mary, a 32-year-old pregnant woman d. James, a seven-year-old child
d. Juan, a seven-year-old child WIC helps pregnant women and children to age 5
*"Herbs at a Glance" fact sheets are available at the website of which of the following federal agencies? a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) b. Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) c. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) d. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)
d. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)
A majority of contingent farm workers a. have healthcare insurance. b. have paid sick leave. c. are younger than 12 years of age. d. are not entitled to breaks for rest or meals mandated by law for other U.S. workers.
d. are not entitled to breaks for rest or meals mandated by law for other U.S. workers.
*A dietary supplement would NOT contain a. vitamins and minerals b. herbs or other botanicals c. amino acids d. asprin
d. asprin
*Which of the following is NOT required on a multivitamin and mineral supplement label? a. name and place of manufacturer b. Supplement Facts panel c. statement of identity d. at least one health claim
d. at least one health claim
Which of the following agricultural practices controls soil erosion? a. large-scale livestock production b. irrigation c. heavy tilling of row crops d. crop rotation
d. crop rotation
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of school gardening programs? a. teach children about nutrition and cooking b. expose children to new fruits and veggies c. produce healthful foods for school cafeterias d. decrease corporate investment in sustainable agriculture
d. decrease corporate investment in sustainable agriculture
What is the term for a situation in which people have unreliable access to sufficient nourishing food? a. food poverty b. food anxiety c. food shortage d. food insecurity
d. food insecurity
A dietary supplement can be removed from the market for which of the following reasons? a. if it has not been approved by the FDA b. if it contains tissues from animal organs or glands c. if it does not meet federal guidelines on purity, quality, safety, and composition d. if the manufacturer cannot substantiate all label claims
d. if the manufacturer cannot substantiate all label claims
Which of the following is the strategy MOST likely to improve an area's food/population ratio? a. decrease the import of foods into the area b. increase the birthrates c. encourage the cultivation of cash crops d. improve the education of girls and women
d. improve the education of girls and women
Which of the following is NOT a potential benefit of consuming local food? a. enhanced micronutrient content of produce b. reduced energy for food transportation c. reduced greenhouse gas emissions from transportation d. increased availability of fresh fruits and veggies year-round
d. increased availability of fresh fruits and veggies year-round
Taking vitamin E or vitamin K supplements can be especially harmful for a. people on weight-loss diets b. elderly people c. people who regularly drink green tea d. people who take the prescription drug Coumadin
d. people who take the prescription drug Coumadin
*Which of the following herbs is associated with the risks of high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and heart attack? a. chamomile b. ephedra c. willow bark d. kava
ephedra