Nutrition

a. 50 and 170

1000mL of a D5W solution provides _____ grams of CHO and ______ kcal. a. 50 and 170 b. 5 and 20 c. 50 and 200 d. 5 and 17

b. the total body surface area burned

A burn client's need for kcalories is related to: a. the amount of protein eaten b. the total body surface area burned c. the volume of food tolerated d. existing nutrient stores

b. the avoidance of all meat, fish, and poultry

A client appears to be totally concerned with the kilocaloric density of foods and not at all concerned with the nutrient density of foods. You need to encourage the consumption of both types of foods. Which of the following behaviors do you need to discourage? a. the substitution of skim milk for 2% milk b. the avoidance of all meat, fish, and poultry c. the inclusion of dark green and yellow fruits and vegetables in the diet d. the inclusion of whole grains in the diet

d. exercising

A client on HAART can partially compensate for fat redistribution syndrome by: a. taking medications as prescribed b. taking supplemental vitamins and minerals c. consuming a low-fat diet d. exercising

d. increased sodium intake and increased fluid intake

A client taking lithium is most likely to experience increased mania with: a. decreased fluid intake and decreased sodium intake b. decreased fluid intake and increased potassium intake c. increased sodium intake and decreased potassium intake d. increased sodium intake and increased fluid intake

b. frequently complains of constipation

A client with anorexia nervosa: a. has an increased resting energy expenditure b. frequently complains of constipation c. is not likely to have a body image disturbance d. typically seeks the company of others

b. vomiting of blood

A client with cirrhosis of the liver should be asked if he or she experienced ____ before ordering a diet. a. headache b. vomiting of blood c. a recent course of antibiotic therapy d. hives

c. gluten-free diet for diarrhea and celiac disease

A diet prescription consistent with palliative care goals is: a. 40 grams of protein for liver failure b. low-cholesterol, low-saturated-fat diet for hyperlipoproteinemia c. gluten-free diet for diarrhea and celiac disease d. high-calorie, high-protein diet for anorexia in an actively dying client

b. peanuts

A food commonly responsible for an allergic reaction is: a. chicken b. peanuts c. rice d. carrots

c. 21 to 38

A healthy adult needs _____ grams of fiber each day. a. 5 to 11 b. 12 to 20 c. 21 to 38 d. more than 50

c. the units of energy used in the body and contained in foods

A kilocalorie is used to measure both: a. weight and percentage body fat b. height and weight c. the units of energy used in the body and contained in foods d. leanness and body-fat content

c. baby boy C, 6 months old, birth weight 8lb8oz, present weight 14lb8oz

A nurse in a clinic would identify which of the following infants as needing additional assessment of growth? a. baby girl A, 4 months old, birth weight 7 lb 6 oz, present weight 14 lb 14 oz b. baby boy B, 2 weeks old, birth weight 6 lb 10 oz, present weight 6 lb 11 oz c. baby boy C, 6 months old, birth weight 8 lb 8 oz, present weight 14 lb 8 oz d. baby girl D, 2 months old, birth weight 7 lb 2 oz, present weight 9 lb 10 oz

b. tongue condition, pulse rate, and muscle strength

A nurse is making a home visit routinely screens for dehydration in elderly clients. Which of the following would the nurse assess? a. body temperature and urine-specific gravity b. tongue condition, pulse rate, and muscle strength c. skin turgor and heart and lung sounds d. client's intake and output records

b. may lead to sudden death in some clients

A very rapid rate of weight loss (1 pound per day) in an adult who is slightly overweight: a. usually encourages permanent changes in behavior b. may lead to sudden death in some clients c. will preserve lean body mass d. fosters long-term weight maintenance

b. olive oil

According to most health authorities, the average American would benefit by increasing his or her intake of which of the following fats while decreasing intake of other fats? a. corn oil b. olive oil c. safflower oil d. lard

b. a contamination

Among the following, diarrhea in a tube-fed client is most likely related to: a. a continuous-infusion feeding b. a contamination c. a fluid deficit d. insufficient kilocalories

c. "Do you look forward to meals?"

An appropriate nutritional screening question for a client with a terminal illness is: a. "How many times a day do you eat?" b. "How much weight have you lost in the past month?" c. "Do you look forward to meals?" d. "Do you include a green or yellow vegetable in your diet each day?"

d. rice cakes and a banana

An appropriate snack for a child on a gluten-free diet would be: a. crackers and peanut butter b. half of a cheese sandwich c. potato chips and an oatmeal cookie d. rice cakes and a banana

b. quit smoking

An elderly overweight smoker should first be encourage to: a. lose weight b. quit smoking c. lose weight and quit smoking using any means possible d. be evaluated to determine if weight loss is indicated and bone health is adequate

b. fat

An example of an energy nutrient is: a. water b. fat c. vitamins d. minerals

d. in a female, a waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

An obese client should be enrolled in a weight-management program and meet the following criteria before medications are tried: a. BMI of 20 and a waist circumference of 30 inches b. in a male, waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 27 c. a BMI of 27 and no concomitant obesity-related risk factors d. in a female, a waist circumference of at least 35 inches and a BMI of 30 or greater

c. abrupt withdrawal

Careful administration of total parenteral nutrition includes all of the following except: a. a slow start b. close monitoring c. abrupt withdrawal d. a strict schedule

b. only in foods of animal origin

Cholesterol is found: a. only in saturated fats b. only in foods of animal origin c. mostly in eggs d. only in triglycerides

d. vitamin B12 deficiency

Clients who have had resection of the ileum should be monitored for: a. iron-deficiency anemia b. fat-soluble vitamin deficiency c. calcium and phosphorus deficiency d. vitamin B12 deficiency

c. 25-Hydroxy-vitamin D

Clinicians measure _______ as an indicator of fat-soluble vitamin absorption. a. folate b. zinc c. 25-Hydroxy-vitamin D d. glucose

c. at less than 40 degrees

Cold foods should be stored: a. at less than 50 degrees b. at less than 0 degrees c. at less than 40 degrees d. for no more than 6 hours outside the recommended temperature range

a. a slower process

Compared to wasting, cachexia is: a. a slower process b. the result of both a protein and kilocalorie deficit c. always the result of a poor food intake d. best treated by the inclusion of 400 additional kilocalories per day

d. broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage

Cruciferous vegetables that are thought to protect against cancer are: a. corn, lima beans, and peas b. carrots, green beans, and tomatoes c. Brussels sprouts, bean sprouts, and water chestnuts d. broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage

a. rickets

Deficiency of Vitamin D causes: a. rickets b. pellagra c. night blindness d. beriberi

b. consume no more than 2000 milligrams of sodium each day

Dietary guidelines for people with diabetes include: a. one serving of alcohol daily b. consume no more than 2000 milligrams of sodium each day c. restrict fat intake to less than 10% of total kilocalories d. consume at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber each day

d. to prevent opportunistic infections

Educating an AIDS client about food safety is important: a. to minimize the risk of rare tumors b. to prevent body fat redistribution c. to enhance renal function d. to prevent opportunistic infections

a. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for energy expenditure

Energy homeostasis exists when: a. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for energy expenditure b. kcalories used for physical activity equal kcalories used for energy expenditure c. an individual is gaining weight d. kcalories from food intake equal kcalories used for resting energy expenditure

c. full participation of all members of the health-care team to manage commonly seen metabolic abnormalities

Experts advocate the following when refeeding a malnourished client: a. immediately pushing kcalories and protein to replenish lost stores b. progressing the rate, volume, and concentration of a tube feeding as rapidly as possible c. full participation of all members of the health-care team to manage commonly seen metabolic abnormalities d. correction of the hyperphosphatemia seen during the refeeding of a malnourished client

b. 2 years

Families should be encouraged to provide fortified whole milk for children until the age of a. 18 months b. 2 years c. 36 months d. 4 years

a. country of origin

Farm-raised seafood must be labeled with a. country of origin b. grams of mercury c. kilocalories in one serving d. grams of protein

d. raw poultry

Foods commonly contaminated with Campylobacter are: a. hard-cooked scrambled eggs b. raw vegetables c. canned foods d. raw poultry

a. stress management

For most clients, the cornerstone of treatment of type 2 diabetes is: a. stress management b. meal planning c. strict adherence to 5 planned meals per day d. hypoglycemic drugs

a. energy source

For which of the following functions of protein can other nutrients be substituted? a. energy source b. immunity c. maintenance and growth d. regulation of body processes

d. protein

For which of the following items is there most agreement that athletes require increased amounts compared with more sedentary individuals? a. creatine b. glucosamine c. glycerol d. protein

c. meat

From which of the following sources of iron is the greatest percentage of iron absorbed by the average person? a. eggs b. ferrous sulfate tablets c. meat d. vegetables

c. through the lungs

Gaseous waste is expelled: a. in the urine b. in the feces c. through the lungs d. through the skin

b. loss of water and salt in sweat

Heat exhaustion is caused by: a. insufficient secretion of ADH b. loss of water and salt in sweat c. inability to perspire d. retention of excessive water

b. 8 grams

How much protein would a person receive from a glass of milk? a. 7 grams b. 8 grams c. 14 grams d. 21 grams

a. Type 1

If a client has a history of ketoacidosis, he or she most likely has which type of diabetes: a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. pituitary d. gestational

b. red beans and rice

If a person has difficulty purchasing meat to serve every day, which of the following foods should the nurse suggest as offering the best source of protein? a. bran muffins with raisins b. red beans and rice c. green bean, onion, and mushroom casserole d. sweet potatoes and cornbread

d. avoid spicy or acidic foods

If a pregnant woman complains of heartburn, she should be instructed to: a. increase her intake of milk products b. decrease her overall food intake c. rest in bed after eating d. avoid spicy or acidic foods

a. fruit basket

If visitors brought all of the following to a client in protective isolation, which should the nurse question? a. fruit basket b. homemade vegetable soup c. apple pie d. malted milk and French fries

b. limit the amounts to 150% of RDA levels

In general, individuals who elect to take a vitamin supplement should: a. buy the most economical product b. limit the amounts to 150% of RDA levels c. obtain a physician's prescription d. select the most advertised product

a. broccoli or spinach

Individuals taking the anticoagulant warfarin must be counseled to consume no more than one serving per day of: a. broccoli or spinach b. vegetable oils c. kale and parsley d. dried apricots and dates

b. consumption of 1 to 3 liters a day of water

Kidney disease cannot be caused by: a. consumption of toxic metals b. consumption of 1 to 3 liters a day of water c. infection d. trauma

b. growth

Kilocalories required per kilogram of body weight are highest during: a. starvation b. growth c. weight loss d. old age

d. spares protein

Kilocalories usually need to be increased in protein-restricted diets because an adequate kilocaloric intake: a. assists in the control of serum potassium b. is necessary to prevent renal anemia c. controls and prevents osteodystrophy d. spares protein

d. 7,200

Lifestyle changes that are recommended to reduce cardiovascular disease risk limit saturated and trans-fat intake to ____% of daily kilocalories and cholesterol to ____mg per day. a. 45,450 b. 30,300 c. 15,250 d. 7,200

b. become part of the structure of the body

Like vitamins, minerals give no energy to the body. Unlike vitamins, minerals: a. are completely absorbed from the intestinal tract b. become part of the structure of the body c. cause few clinical problems because of their great abundance in foods d. cannot accumulate to the extent that they cause problems

d. many of these clients have an extraordinary ability to fight infection

Malnutrition is commonly seen in clients with pulmonary disease for all but one of the following reasons. Identify the exception. a. many of these clients have a decreased food intake b. many of these clients expend more kcalories to breathe c. many of these clients have impaired gastrointestinal tract function d. many of these clients have an extraordinary ability to fight infection

d. overnutrition

Malnutrition occurs as a result or part of: a. the aging process b. a low income c. infirmity d. overnutrition

c. on food labels

Monoglycerides and diglycerides are names of lipids commonly seen: a. in clients' medical records b. on laboratory reports c. on food labels d. on clients' skin

a. consider the amount of soda and sugar he consumes

Mr. B buys as many low-fat foods as possible. He eats fat-free muffins for breakfast, eats low-fat brownies or cookies for lunch each day, uses only fat-free ice cream, and buys fat-free salad dressings. He eats very little meat and chooses fat-free dairy products. He wonders why he hasn't lost more weight. The best advice is to encourage him to: a. consider the amount of soda and sugar he consumes b. eat even less meat c. consume fewer dairy products d. quit trying to lose weight

d. all of the above

Mr. J claims he is trying to lose weight, and his urinalysis shows that his urine contains ketones (ketonuria). You should ask him: a. when he ate last b. how much milk, fruit, and starch he usually eats c. what else he usually eats d. all of the above

a. wheat and corn bran, nuts, fruit skins, and dried beans

Mr. P complains of constipation. As his nurse, you would like to teach him to eat more insoluble fiber to help alleviate his discomfort. You should encourage the intake of: a. wheat and corn bran, nuts, fruit skins, and dried beans b. eggs, cheese, and chicken c. milk, yogurt, and ice cream d. oatmeal, barley, and broccoli

b. MyPyramid

Mr. P is a 65-year old man, recently widowed, whose physician is recommending weight loss. Mr. P has had little experience with grocery shopping or cooking. Which of the following systems for instructing Mr. P would the nurse select to offer the best chance of success? a. a computerized diet analysis program b. MyPyramid c. the ADA exchange lists d. the RDA/AI tables

d. dietary recall of Mr. P's food and fluid intake

Mr. P, a 65-year old man, widowed for 6 months, has been referred to your home health agency for assistance in managing his nutritional intake. He has lost 10 pounds over the past 6 months. A physical examination within the past month revealed no disease processes requiring treatment. In assessing Mr. P, which of the following data would the nurse gather first? a. list of current medications the client takes b. blood protein levels analyzed during the recent physical examination c. a description of the procedure Mr. P uses to weigh himself d. dietary recall of Mr. P's food and fluid intake

a. a gain in weight of 2 pounds in 2 weeks

Mr. P, a 65-year old man, widowed for 6 months, has been referred to your home health agency for assistance in managing his nutritional intake. He has lost 10 pounds over the past 6 months. A physical examination within the past month revealed no disease processes requiring treatment. Which of the following outcomes would indicate achievement of the nutritional objective for Mr. P? a. a gain in weight of 2 pounds in 2 weeks b. an invitation to the nurse to join him for a dinner he has learned to cook c. a report by Mr. P that he is eating better d. a visual inspection of Mr. P's refrigerator revealing fresh meat and milk products in abundance

c. recommend that Mr. P supplement his meals with one of the milk-based liquid breakfast products

Mr. P, a 65-year old man, widowed for 6 months, has been referred to your home health agency for assistance in managing his nutritional intake. He has lost 10 pounds over the past 6 months. A physical examination within the past month revealed no disease processes requiring treatment. Which of the following plans would be most appropriate to increase Mr. P's protein consumption immediately? a. refer client to nutrition education program b. have Mr. P apply for home-delivered meals c. recommend that Mr. P supplement his meals with one of the milk-based liquid breakfast products d. suggest to Mr. P that he sign up for cooking lessons at the local high school or community college

a. a normally active woman has a body fat content of 18% to 22%

Mr. and Mrs. J are members of a local fitness club and have recently had their body fat content analyzed. Mr. J expresses concern because his wife's body fat content (20%) is higher than his body fat content (15%). He asks, "why is there a difference?" An appropriate response would be: a. a normally active woman has a body fat content of 18% to 22% b. a normally active woman has a body fat content between 15% to 19%, so his wife should exercise more c. a person's body fat content is not that important d. if his wife would increase her protein intake, her body fat content would decrease

d. explain to Mrs. A the importance of variety, balance, and moderation in the diet

Mrs. A believes she can cleanse her body of toxic compounds by abstaining from all food for 10 days. You should: a. tell Mrs. A she needs to drink extra fluids for this approach to succeed b. Ignore Mrs. A because you think she will not listen to you c. pretend to agree with Mrs. A because you do not want to make her angry d. explain to Mrs. A the importance of variety, balance, and moderation in the diet

d. animal fats such as butter, meats, lard, and bacon

Mrs. S, 50 years old, has a cholesterol level of 233 mg/dL. She weighs 125 lb and is 5 ft, 5 in. tall. The dietician has estimated her body fat content to be 35%. When taking a nursing history, the nurse asks Mrs. S if she eats any foods that may be related to her elevated cholesterol level. Which of the following groups of foods are most related to an elevated cholesterol level? a. vegetable oils such as corn, cottonseed, and soybean b. fruits and vegetables c. starches such as bread, potatoes, rice, and pasta d. animal fats such as butter, meats, lard, and bacon

c. explain to her that no food is guaranteed to be 100% safe, and it is best to avoid artificial sweeteners if she is not comfortable with these products

Ms. C is concerned about the dangers associated with the consumption of artificial sweeteners and wants to know if they are safe. As a health-care worker, it is appropriate for you to: a. ignore Ms. C's comments because you think she is overly concerned b. assure her that the government wouldn't allow a food or herbal product to be sold if it was hazardous to her health c. explain to her that no food is guaranteed to be 100% safe, and it is best to avoid artificial sweeteners if she is not comfortable with these products d. refer her to the local health food store

a. a 1-day diet recall is inadequate data on which to base supplementation

Ms. E attended a community health fair where she entered her recalled intake for the previous 24 hours into a computer for analysis. On the basis of the printout she was given, she now thinks she should begin taking vitamin and mineral supplements. A friend who is a nurse correctly bases her advise on the following: a. a 1-day diet recall is inadequate data on which to base supplementation b. a hand recalculation should be done to verify the accuracy of the computer printout c. the RDAs on which computer programs are based are intended for only the 50% of the population who are obsessed with health d. undoubtedly, the operators of the computer at the fair had a product to sell: "let the buyer beware"

d. asking Ms. G how she "sees" or perceives diabetes in her life

Ms. G has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. She is a Native American who has left her reservation for employment in town. Which of the following actions by the nurse shows respect for Ms. G's culture? a. instructing her to increase her intake of vegetables b. telling her to lose weight and avoid alcohol and fast-food restaurants c. giving Ms. G an instruction sheet based on the ADA exchange system d. asking Ms. G how she "sees" or perceives diabetes in her life

d. volunteering to teach a special recipe at a local school

Ms. P is a 58-year-old retired cook who tells the clinic nurse she regrets not having had children and grandchildren. Which of the following activities might assist Ms. P to attain generativity? a. editing a cookbook for her church group b. taking a class in ethnic cooking in preparation for her next trip c. serving on the Meals-on-Wheels advisory board d. volunteering to teach a special recipe at a local school

c. 26

One ounce of very lean meat contains 1 gram of fat and 35 kcalories. What percentage of kcalories comes from fat? a. 9 b. 20 c. 26 d. 49

d. 15

One slice of bread contains approximately ______ grams of carbohydrates. a. 5 b. 8 c. 10 d. 15

c. bowel obstruction

Parenteral nutrition is usually indicated in the following situation: a. rectal abscess b. cancer esophagus c. bowel obstruction d. malnutrition

b. genetic differences in the metabolism of the people studied

Research has identified which of the following factors as possibly explaining the conflicting results reported concerning dietary intakes and cancer development? a. erroneous classification of the tumor types b. genetic differences in the metabolism of the people studied c. a time frame that extends over too many years d. too large a sample of people recruited to the study

c. primarily of animal origin

Saturated fats are: a. liquid at room temperature b. more likely to become rancid than other types of fats c. primarily of animal origin d. composed of many double carbon bonds

a. large intestine

Solid body waste is stored in the: a. large intestine b. gallbladder c. small intestine d. stomach

b. plain tea and unbuttered toast with clear jelly 6 hours before scheduled surgery

The American Society of Anesthesiologists' guidelines suggest which of the following intakes is permissible for healthy individuals undergoing elective procedures? a. water and apple juice until 1 hour before the procedure b. plain tea and unbuttered toast with clear jelly 6 hours before scheduled surgery c. infant formula or breast milk 4 hours before an elective procedure begins d. light meal containing meat at 5am before a procedure scheduled for noon

a. increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes

The DASH diet to reduce hypertension emphasizes: a. increased amounts of fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and legumes b. specialty formulas as meal replacements c. carbohydrate control and counting similar to that used in diabetes mellitus treatment d. increased amounts of protein through low-fat dairy products and large servings of meats

a. all women capable of becoming pregnant

The RDA for folic acid specifies 400 micrograms of synthetic folic acid from fortified foods or supplements for: a. all women capable of becoming pregnant b. women taking oral contraceptive medications c. women of northern European descent d. breastfeeding mothers

b. calcium

The RDA/AI for which of the following nutrients is increased for older adults compared to younger ones? a. sodium b. calcium c. vitamin C d. vitamin K

a. vitamin D

The ______ intake from food is not monitored in renal clients. a. vitamin D b. fluid c. protein d. sodium

b. proper hand washing

The best method to control the spread of foodborne illness is by: a. wearing gloves when handling food b. proper hand washing c. taking food supplements d. avoiding certain foods

c. resting energy expenditure, physical activity, and to a lesser extent the thermic effect of foods

The components of energy expenditure are: a. mental activity and physical activity b. thermic effects of exercise and foods c. resting energy expenditure, physical activity, and to a lesser extent the thermic effect of foods d. thermic effect of foods, physical activity, and thermic effect of exercise

d. vitamin B12 and iron

The decrease in gastric acid that accompanies aging causes concern for the absorption of which of the following nutrients? a. carbohydrate and water b. fat and cholesterol c. vitamins A and E d. vitamin B12 and iron

b. amino acids

The end products of protein digestion are: a. glycerol and fatty acids b. amino acids c. fatty acids d. monosaccharides

c. lose weight if necessary

The first action a hypertensive client should take to lower blood pressure is to: a. restrict fluid to 1500mL per day b. eliminate saturated fat from the diet c. lose weight if necessary d. limit sodium intake to 1 gram per day

c. biologically, their organs do not adapt to their increased need for kcaloreis by switching to a less preferred fuel source

The following is true about clients who have a life-threatening injury or illness: a. their resting energy expenditure is about 70% of the kcalories normally needed to maintain body weight b. they have a decreased need for fluids c. biologically, their organs do not adapt to their increased need for kcalories by switching to a less preferred fuel source d. they need 0.8 to 1.2 grams of protein per kilogram of actual body weight

b. fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes

The following statement is true: a. acute illness lowers blood glucose levels b. fluid and electrolyte replacement is essential during episodes of acute illness in all persons with diabetes c. persons with diabetes who have an acute illness require a vitamin and mineral supplement d. persons with diabetes should never eat forms of simple sugar

d. as most people get older it is important to have small decreases in food and beverage intake and increased physical activity to prevent weight gain

The health-care educator is talking to Ms. S about her excessive weight gain. Which of the following is incorrect to say? a. for some people, 60 to 90 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity each day is often necessary to manage body weight b. it is important to eat foods high in nutrient-density during weight loss c. milk chocolate is a good substitute for milk because it is in the same food group d. as most people get older it is important to have small decreases in food and beverage intake and increased physical activity to prevent weight gain

c. speech therapist

The health-care tem member who specializes in swallowing disorders is a: a. registered nurse b. physician c. speech therapist d. medical assistant

b. universal precautions

The health-care worker's best insurance against HIV transmission on the job is: a. frequent hand washing b. universal precautions c. body substance isolation d. adherence to all food safety policies and procedures

b. consider a high-fat, low-carb complete nutritional supplement

The intervention appropriate for a terminally ill client with dyspnea who requests dietary treatment is: a. encourage a high-fiber diet b. consider a high-fat, low-carb complete nutritional supplement c. recommend fresh fruits, whole grains, and vegetables d. encourage avoidance of caffeine

a. the client's right to self-determination

The most important ethical principle to consider when a decision must be made about whether or not to feed a client is: a. the client's right to self-determination b. proportionality c. medical goals d. the client's quality of life

d. increase fluid intake

The most important nutritional consideration in treating clients with kidney stones is to: a. limit calcium intake b. restrict all end products of protein metabolism c. restrict all food sources of calcium, oxalic acid, and purines d. increase fluid intake

a. less than 3 grams of fat (or less) per serving; also low in saturated fat, cholesterol, or kilocalories

The term "low" on a food label means the product contains: a. less than 3 grams of fat (or less) per serving; also low in saturated fat, cholesterol, or kilocalories b. _____ the fat of the original c. less than 10 grams of fat, 4 grams of saturated fat, and 95 milligrams of cholesterol per serving d. more fat than a product labeled extra lean`

d. Vitamin K

The vitamin that is essential to the synthesis of several blood clotting factors is: a. Vitamin A b. Vitamin B6 c. Vitamin C d. Vitamin K

b. fruit

Throughout pregnancy and lactation, a woman should consume 2 cups of _____ daily. a. vegetables b. fruit c. milk d. meat or beans

a. 1000

To lose 2 pounds of body fat per week, an individual must eat _____ fewer kilocalories each day for 7 days without a change in energy expenditure. a. 1000 b. 1500 c. 2000 d. 2500

c. 3

Twelve grams of simple carbohydrate is equal to ____ teaspoon(s) of sugar. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 8

c. olive

When Mrs. L describes her regular intake of foods, you observe that her diet is especially low in monounsaturated fats. Which of the following oils would you recommend be used in place of corn oil to increase her intake of monounsaturated fats? a. sunflower seed b. soybean c. olive d. cottonseed

c. keeping separate utensils and dishes for meat and dairy meals

Which of the following adheres to strict kosher regulations? a. avoiding cheese and cheese products b. eating only certain cuts of pork c. keeping separate utensils and dishes for meat and dairy meals d. serving lobster, clams, and shrimp only on festive occasions

b. more antibodies and digestive enzymes

Which of the following are advantages of breast milk that formula does not provide? a. less fat and cholesterol b. more antibodies and digestive enzymes c. more fluoride and iron d. more vitamin C and vitamin D

b. a 75-year-old woman taking medications for several chronic diseases

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for food-drug interaction? a. a 50-year-old man with no current disease who takes one baby aspirin daily to prevent heart disease b. a 75-year-old woman taking medications for several chronic diseases c. a 39-year-old man who usually consumes two cocktails before dinner d. a 25-year-old pregnant woman who is taking a prenatal vitamin supplement and calcium tablets

a. atrophied skin, dislike for milk, and indoor life

Which of the following conditions is likely to contribute to vitamin D deficiency in older adults? a. atrophied skin, dislike for milk, and indoor life b. lack of exercise, failing hearing and vision c. slowed peristalsis, diminished secretion of intrinsic factor d. achlorhydria and inability to chew meats

c. beef kabobs

Which of the following foods is a complete protein? a. baked beans b. broccoli c. beef kabobs d. bread sticks

c. broiled ground beef patty on a white bun

Which of the following foods is allowed for a preoperative client on a low-residue diet? a. 8 ounces of milk with each of the three main meals b. minestrone soup containing peas and lentils c. broiled ground beef patty on a white bun d. a fresh fruit salad

c. vanilla milkshake

Which of the following foods is likely to be well received by a cancer client with mouth ulcerations? a. hot chicken noodle soup b. orange juice with orange sherbet c. vanilla milkshake d. soda crackers with cream cheese

d. 1 cup of margarine

Which of the following foods is the most kilocalorically dense? a. 1 cup of sugar b. 1 cup of celery c. 1 cup of skim milk d. 1 cup of margarine

c. infant rice cereal, mashed banana, and strained squash

Which of the following foods would be appropriate for a 6-month-old infant? a. cocoa-flavored wheat cereal, orange juice, and strained chicken b. graham crackers, strained prunes, and stewed tomatoes c. infant rice cereal, mashed banana, and strained squash d. mashed potatoes, strained beets, and chopped hard-cooked egg

a. apricots, cantaloupe, and squash

Which of the following groups of foods would be the best sources of carotene? a. apricots, cantaloupe, and squash b. asparagus, beets, and sweet potatoes c. broccoli, lettuce, and lima beans d. lemons, oranges, and strawberries

d. 16-year old who is pregnant and attempting weight loss

Which of the following individuals is at greatest nutritional risk? a. 3-month-old infant being fed commercial formula b. 3-year-old child who drinks 3 cups of milk a day c. 8-year old who eats four chocolate chip cookies and drinks two glasses of milk after school d. 16-year-old girl who is pregnant and attempting weight loss

a. someone who consumes no dairy products

Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for a mineral deficiency? a. someone who consumes no dairy products b. someone who consumes no shellfish c. someone who consumes no red meat d. someone who drinks tea or coffee with every meal

b. lactose

Which of the following is a disaccharide? a. glucose b. lactose c. fructose d. galactose

b. promote normal growth and development

Which of the following is a nutritional goal for a child with renal failure? a. maintain current hydration status b. promote normal growth and development c. maximize uremia d. stimulate client well-being

a. mix all of the medications together, crush thoroughly, mix with water, and add to the formula

Which of the following is not a recommended procedure for administering medications through a tube feeding? a. mix all of the medications together, crush thoroughly, mix with water, and add to the formula b. if at all possible, use medications in the liquid form c. flush the tube with at least 30mL of water before giving the medication and before resuming the tube-feeding formula d. if a medication is ordered to be added to the formula, observe the feeding after the addition for any reaction or precipitation

a. zoochemicals

Which of the following is not one of the traditional groups of nutrients? a. zoochemicals b. vitamins c. minerals d. proteins

d. eat slowly and chew thoroughly

Which of the following is the best advice to increase oral intake for a chemotherapy client who suffers from nausea and vomiting? a. drink plenty of fluids with the meal b. eat high-fat, high-protein meals c. take only foods that are well liked d. eat slowly and chew thoroughly

a. a cold, or yin, condition is balanced by consuming hot, or yang, foods

Which of the following is true of the traditional Chinese yin and yang health belief system? a. a cold, or yin, condition is balanced by consuming hot, or yang, foods b. a hot condition is flushed with large quantities of cold water c. rice is considered magical and is consumed at every meal d. yang, or hot, foods include only foods served hot

d. eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

Which of the following lifestyle changes would have the greatest effect in reducing risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease? a. limiting cholesterol intake to the recommended amount b. consuming plant sterols in recommended amounts c. limiting alcohol intake to one (women) or two (men) standard drinks per day d. eating five servings of fruits and vegetables daily

a. a medication that contains sorbitol

Which of the following may cause diarrhea? a. a medication that contains sorbitol b. a lack of dietary fiber c. a lack of exercise d. an insufficient fluid intake

d. whole-wheat toast with dietetic jelly

Which of the following meal components is likely to lessen symptoms of the dumping syndrome? a. mashed fresh strawberries b. orange sherbet c. salt-free tomato juice d. whole-wheat toast with dietetic jelly

d. an 8-pound girl, 4 days old

Which of the following people has the greatest percentage of body weight as water? a. a 154-pound man b. a 120-pound woman c. an 18-pound boy, 14 months old d. an 8-pound girl, 4 days old

d. surgical client, first day after a stomach resection

Which of the following people would the nurse treat as being in a catabolic state? a. adolescent boy who is into bodybuilding b. lactating mother c. pregnant woman in the second trimester d. surgical client, first day after a stomach resection

c. hydrating the infant with sterile water until the mother's milk supply is established

Which of the following principles is not recommended by the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative? a. feeding on demand b. keeping mother and infant together 24 hours a day c. hydrating the infant with sterile water until the mother's milk supply is established d. putting the infant to breast within 1 hour of birth

b. chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds

Which of the following seasonings are permitted on a sodium-controlled diet? a. catsup, horseradish mustard, and tartar sauce b. chili powder, green pepper, and caraway seeds c. celery seeds, seasoned meat tenderizer, and teriyaki sauce d. dry mustard, garlic, and Worcestershire sauce

c. "I won't drink grapefruit juice while I am taking this drug."

Which of the following statements by a client prescribed simvastatin would indicate he understood the instructions? a. "one glass of grapefruit juice a day is as much as I can have." b. "I can have grapefruit juice for breakfast since I take the pill at bedtime." c. "I won't drink grapefruit juice while I am taking this drug." d. "I can start with 1 ounce of grapefruit juice and work up to 4 ounces over a month's time."

a. alcohol and swordfish

Which of the following substances are contraindicated during pregnancy? a. alcohol and swordfish b. cocoa and peanut butter c. coffee and well-done beef d. tea and cheddar cheese

b. measuring midarm circumference

Which of the following techniques is used to estimate the body's protein stores? a. estimating body frame size b. measuring midarm circumference c. calculating the body mass index d. determining triceps skinfolds

b. diet history

Which of the following techniques used to assess food intake would yield the most comprehensive information? a. 24-hour diet recall b. diet history c. food frequency questionnaire d. food records

c. B and C

Which of the following vitamins are water-soluble? a. A and C b. A, D, E, and K c. B and C d. B, D, E, and K

c. starvation

Which of these conditions does not increase a client's resting energy expenditure? a. infection b. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease c. starvation d. burn

d. recommend a 3-or-4-gram sodium diet

Which recommendation would be appropriate for a client with end-stage congestive heart failure who requests dietary advice? a. recommend a low-potassium diet b. recommend a 1000mL fluid restriction c. monitor the client's fluid intake and output d. recommend a 3-or-4-gram sodium diet

c. an exchange is a defined quantity of food on a particular list

Which statement about the use of the ADA exchange lists is true? a. two starch exchanges can be substituted for two meat exchanges b. exchange lists are used to calculate an individual's RDA c. an exchange is a defined quantity of food on a particular list d. calculating the permitted exchanges requires paper and pencil or a calculator

b. fat, protein

Women's bodies normally contain more _____ and less ____ than men's bodies. a. carbohydrates, protein b. fat, protein c. protein, ash d. water, fat