Nutrition Ch1

Which of the following are considered to be a characteristic of a nutrient?

All essential nutrients must be provided by dietary sources

Which of the following is an example of a nutrient function of carbohydrates?

Energy source for cells

Anecdotal reports are based on scientific evidence.

False

As long as you obtain nutrition information from an individual who has the title of "nutritionist", it is considered to be reliable and accurate.

False

In order to prevent a researcher from introducing bias during the course of a research experiment, it would be best to use an experimental design that includes a placebo.

False

____________________ protects human subjects in a study and limits the types of procedures that can be performed on them.

Informed consent

Which of the following statements about the typical American diet is true?

Intake of whole grains is low and more energy is consumed than expended.

hich of the following is the BEST reason to include a placebo in the experimental design of a human intervention trial?

It helps prevent the expectations of the subjects from biasing the research.

Where do most people in the U.S. get their nutrition information?

Mass media, i.e., television, magazines and newspapers

The correct names of the sequence of steps in the scientific method are:

Observation, Hypothesis, Experiments, Theory

Which of the following functions is performed by members of all six classes of nutrients?

Regulate body processes

Which is NOT a true statement about nutritional studies using animals?

Results from animal studies can always be readily extrapolated to humans.

A substance found in plants which cannot be made by the body and is not necessary to sustain life, but has healthful benefits, is:

a phytochemical.

One important principle of a healthy diet is to eat a variety of foods. In this context, "variety" refers to:

choosing a variety of foods from within food groups as well as among food groups

If an individual decides not to eat meat and milk at the same time during a meal, this would be most likely based on:

cultural/religious values.

The discipline which explores the relationship between genetic variation and nutrition is called:

nutrigenomics.

Which of the following would be the LEAST reliable source of information about herbal supplements?

A pamphlet published by the health food store

Which of the following is a common source of anecdotal evidence?

Testimony of individuals

An adverse or toxic reaction is most likely to occur if:

an individual overuses vitamin and/or mineral supplements

An understanding of the term malnutrition includes:

both an increase or decrease in the consumption of nutrients.

Approximately 1000 college students were asked to keep a record of what supplemental vitamins they took and how many colds they had over the course of a year. The amount of vitamin C consumed was compared with the students' incidences of colds. This is an example of a(an):

epidomiological

Physiologic processes take place in the body to keep body temperature, heart rate, and blood sugar relatively constant. This stable state is called:

homeostasis

One group of individuals is asked to eat a diet high in fruits, vegetables and dairy foods while a second group of individuals is asked to eat a diet with lower amounts of fruits, vegetables and dairy foods. The two groups' blood pressure readings are monitored and compared. This is an example of a(an):

intervention study