Nutrition Ch.10

Select all that apply Biotin's roles in the body includes ______. A. Protein synthesis B. Glucose synthesis C. Amino acid breakdown D. Fatty acid synthesis

B. C. D.

Select all that apply Characteristics of pernicious anemia include A. Vision problems. B. Megaloblastic red blood cells. C. Nerve damage. D. Vitamin B-12 deficiency.

B. C. D.

What are some good food sources of folate? A. Milk and yogurt B. Asparagus C. Leafy vegetables D. Liver

B. C. D.

Which B vitamin plays a role in DNA synthesis and amino acid metabolism?

Folate

The synthetic form of folate is called ______ ______

Folic Acid

________ _________ is more bioavailable than the naturally occurring folate.

Folic acid

The protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen is called ______.

Hemoglobin

______ plays a vital role in keeping homocysteine from accumulating in the blood by converting it to cysteine. A. Niacin B. Vitamin B-6 C. Riboflavin D. Vitamin C

B.

______ plays a vital role in keeping homocysteine from accumulating in the blood by converting it to cysteine. A. Riboflavin B. Vitamin B-6 C. Niacin D. Vitamin C

B.

Select all that apply The neural tube in the human embryo eventually develops into the ______. A. Lungs B. Spinal cord C. Brain D. Heart

B. C.

Choose the vitamins that are classified as water-soluble. A. Taurine B. Niacin C. Folate D. Pantothenic acid E. Biotin

B. C. D. E.

In its coenzyme form, biotin participates in chemical reactions that A. Depends on the activity of antioxidants B. Transfer methyl groups to other compounds C. Add carbon dioxide to other compounds

C.

Liver, meat, fish, and sweet red peppers are all good sources of ______. Multiple choice question. A. Vitamin C B. Thiamin C. Vitamin B-6 D. Folate

C.

Megaloblasts form during a folic acid deficiency because A. Bone cells require folic acid to release RBCs. B. Folic acid changes the shape of RBCs. C. RBC precursor cells are unable to make new DNA.

C.

Milk, yogurt, liver, and enriched cereals are all good sources of which vitamin? A. Thiamin B. Biotin C. Riboflavin D. Vitamin C

C.

Most animals, unlike humans, do not need a daily source of vitamin C because they. A. Are able to store the vitamin. B. Have lower needs for the vitamin. C. Are able to synthesize the vitamin.

C.

The deficiencies of both vitamin B-12 and folate can result in _______. A. Spina bifida B. Anencephaly C. Megaloblastic anemia D. Neural tube defects

C.

Vegans need to be concerned about getting an adequate intake of ______ because plant foods are not good food sources of this micronutrient. A. Vitamin E B. Folate C. Vitamin B-12 D. Vitamin C

C.

Vitamin C is different than the rest of the B vitamins in that it does not function as part of a A. Protein. B. Coprotein. C. Coenzyme. D. Enzyme.

C.

What British physician discovered a cure for Scurvy? A. Miles Sturgood B. Paul Roberts C. James Lind D. Robert Oakswood

C.

Which of the following nutrients is broken down when exposed to light? A. Niacin B. Thiamin C. Riboflavin D. Biotin

C.

Which vitamin plays a role in over 200 reactions and is necessary for the release of energy? A. Biotin B. Choline C. Niacin

C.

Which vitamin plays a role in the chemical reactions involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates? A. Vitamin E B. Biotin C. Thiamin D. Vitamin B-12

C.

Which vitamin do cells require to make coenzymes that participate in a variety of cellular processes, including the transfer of methylation in the metabolism of folate? A. Biotin B. Thiamin C. Vitamin B-6 D. Vitamin B-12

D.

Which vitamin strengthens connective tissue by forming numerous cross-connections between the amino acids in collagen? A. D B. K C. E D. C

D.

True or false: Pantothenic acid is so rare in our foods that nutritional deficiencies are common.

False.

People who eat little/no animal products may have a deficiency of _________.

Vitamin B-12

Which vitamin is a component of the two coenzymes FMN and FAD that play key roles in energy metabolism?

Riboflavin

________ is the water-soluble nutrient that breaks down rapidly when exposed to light.

Riboflavin

_________ is a component of two coenzymes that play key roles in energy metabolism, yogurt, and other milk products are some of the best sources of this vitamin.

Riboflavin

Cells require vitamin ___________ to make coenzymes that participate in a variety of cellular processes, including the transfer of methylation in the metabolism of folate.

B-12

Burning feet syndrome may be a sign of a deficiency of A. Folic Acid B. Pantothenic Acid C. Biotin D. Thiamin

B.

Intestinal bacteria can produce which vitamin? A. B-12 B. Biotin C. Pantothenic acid D. Folate

B.

Salmon, tuna, mushrooms, and enriched breads are all good sources of A. Vitamin B-12 B. Niacin C. Thiamin D. Vitamin C

B.

Which statement is true? A: Purchasing health-food supplements with coenzymes is a good way to promote chemical reactions within the body. B: Purchasing health-food supplements with coenzymes is a waste of money because the coenzymes are not absorbed intact.

B.

Because it is produced by intestinal bacteria and found in a wide variety of foods, a deficiency of the B vitamin, ______ is rare.

Biotin

When a water-soluble vitamin assists in the chemical reaction involved in the metabolism of the macronutrients, this is known as its_________ function.

Coenzyme

Pantothenic acid is a component of ______ ______

Coenzyme A

Connective tissue gets its strength from the protein A. Hemoglobin. B. Homocysteine. C. Folacin. D. Collagen.

D.

Which vitamin cannot be used when vitamin B-12 is unavailable? A. Niacin B. Thiamine C. Riboflavin D. Folate

D.

True or false: The absorption of vitamin B-12 occurs more readily when vitamin B-12 is in its natural form versus the synthetic form of the micronutrient.

False

The factor secreted by the stomach which facilitates the absorption of vitamin B-12 is called _______ _______.

Intrinsic Factor

Pernicious anemia is a condition caused by the

Lack of intrinsic factor

An organ meat that is high in biotin ________

Liver

During a folic acid deficiency, RBC precursor cells fail to divide, get released into the bloodstream and result in the condition known as ________ _______.

Megaloblastic anemia

A long-term vitamin B-12 deficiency can lead to paralysis due to the destruction of the

Myelin Sheath

Although rare, deficiencies of the vitamin _______ ________ may cause headaches, fatigue and impaired muscle coordination.

Pantothenic acid

Anancephaly and ___________ ____________ if a woman's diet is low in folate.

Spina bifida

Pork, Legumes, enriched grains and Brewer's yeast are all good sources of what vitamin?

Thiamin

________ is a water- soluble vitamin that is used to make a coenzyme that participates in chemical reaction involved in the release of energy from carbohydrates.

Thiamin

Folate's metabolic roles are related to those of ______. Diets that lack either vitamin produce a number of identical deficiency signs and symptoms.

Vitamin B-12

Rank in order the sequence of events in the digestion and absorption of vitamin B-12. 1. Hydrochloric acid separates B-12 from animal protein 2. B-12 binds to a carrier molecule for transport in the blood 3. The stomach secretes intrinsic factor 4. The IF/B-12 complex enters the cells and the complex breaks apart 5. B-12 binds to intrinsic factor (IF)

1. 3. 2. 4. 5.

A diet adequate in _____________ is recommended for preventing neural tube defects. A. Folate B. Vitamin C C. Riboflavin D. Thiamin

A.

In chemical reactions involved in the metabolism of macronutrients, water-soluble vitamins are A. Used as coenzymes B. Used as enzymes C. Not used at all

A.

Intestinal enzymes are necessary to remove ___________ from naturally-occurring folate. A. Glutamates B. Cyclomate C. Monomate

A.

Liver, legumes, broccoli, and orange juice are all good sources of A. Folate B. Vitamin C C. Riboflavin D. Vitamin B-12

A.

Which form of vitamin B-12 is more readily absorbed? A. Synthetic form of B-12 B. Natural form of vitamin B-12

A.

Which vitamin plays a role in over 200 reactions and is necessary for the release of energy? A. Niacin B. Biotin C. Choline

A.

Select all that apply Folate plays a role in which of the following? A. Amino acid metabolism B. DNA synthesis C. Synthesis of glucose D. Maintenance of mylelin sheaths

A. B.

Select all that apply Choose functions of niacin. A. Used to make NAD and NADP B. Involved in at least 200 reactions C. involved in the pathway that releases energy from macronutrients D. Helps to control blood glucose

A. B. C.

Select all that apply What are some food sources of vitamin B-6? A. Meat B. Liver C. FIsh D. Bread

A. B. C.

Select all that apply What are some major food sources of vitamin B-12? A. Meat B. Milk C. Poultry D. Leafy greens

A. B. C.

Select all that apply Which of the following are food sources of niacin? A. Tuna B. Salmon C. Beef liver D. Spianch

A. B. C.

Select all that apply Choose functions of pantothenic acid. A. Releases energy from macronutrients B. Needed for fatty acid synthesis C. Helps with wound healing D. Component of coenzyme A

A. B. D.

Select all that apply. What are some food sources of riboflavin? A. Yogurt B. Milk C. Pork D. Spinach

A. B. D.

Select all that apply Which of the following are functions of vitamin C? A. Immune system functioning B. Carbohydrate metabolism C. Collagen synthesis D. DNA synthesis

A. C.

Select all that apply. In the body, pantothenic acid is important for A. Energy Metabolism B. Glycogen Breakdown C. Fatty acid synthesis D. Protein Production

A. C.

Select all that apply Choose the true statements about hemoglobin. A. Iron-containing protein B. Strengthens hair and nails C. Found in RBCs D. Used to transport oxygen

A. C. D.

Select all that apply Good sources of pantothenic acid are A. Chicken liver B. Non-fortified cereals C. Sunflower seeds D. Mushroom

A. C. D.

Which of the following foods are good sources of thiamin? A. Pork B. Yogurt C. Orange Juice D. Legumes

A. C. D.

Match the vitamin to its correct description. A. Folate B. Folic acid Definition 1: A B vitamin found naturally in food Definition 2: Man Made version sold as supplements and added to foods

A=1 B=2

_______ is a toxic amino acid and vitamin B-6 plays a vital role in keeping it from accumulating in the blood.

Homocysteine