Nutrition Chapter 11

Amy is studying quietly. Under these conditions, her muscles are using primarily ______________ for energy.

fat

Human cells release much of the energy stored in carbohydrates, fats, and amino acids as

ATP

________________ is an immediate and direct source of energy for cells.

ATP

While at rest, skeletal muscles metabolize more glucose than fat for energy.

False, Fat is the primary fuel muscles use while resting or engaging in low to moderate physical activity.

Protein in the body's preferred fuel for muscular activity.

False, it's glucose.

Adipose cells

Fat cells

People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of type 2 diabetes.

True

Heatstroke is a serious illness that requires immediate professional medical treatment.

True, it is the most dangerous form of heat related illness.

To obtain energy under aerobic conditions, cells need

oxygen

Visceral Fat

under the abdominal muscles and hangs over the stomach and intestines.

A _________________ physical activity generally requires a high degree of exercise.

vigorous

Sports drinks are not useful for fluid replacement.

False

Cellulite

Lumpy appearing skin is NOT a unique type of fat or the result of a disease. No clear understating of why cellulite occurs, but it may simply be subcutaneous fat that is loosely held in place by irregular bands of connective tissue.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

body's rate of energy use a few hours after resting and eating

During glycolysis, the body

breaks down one glucose molecule to form two pyruvate molecules

Energy Output

calories cells use to carry out their activities

Energy Intake

calories from foods and beverages that contain macronutrients and alcohol

Energy

capacity to perform work

Subcutaneous Fat

insulate the body against the cold temp., protect muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.

Aerobic activities

involved sustained, rhythmic contractions of certain large skeletal muscles

Carbohydrate loading

involves manipulating dietary patterns and physical activities prior to an endurance event.

Caffeine

is the most widely used ergogenic aid in the world

Basal metabolism

minimal number of kilocalories the body uses to support vital activities after fasting and resting for 12 hours

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

molecule that stores energy

Miranda is physically fit. She has

the strength, endurance, and flexibility to meet the demands of daily living.

Which of the following foods is high carbohydrate and low fat?

toast spread with strawberry jam