Nutrition Chapter 2 Quiz

The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said,

"All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven to cure cancer."

Which of the following statements is true?

In general, registered dietitian nutritionists are reliable sources of nutrition information.

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

When a group of 6-year-old children increase their physical activity level to 60 minutes a day, the children's muscle mass increases.

Having a control group enables researchers to

compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group.

Scientists in a Central American country are studying factors that may be associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income children. The children live in a region of the nation that has high levels of lead in drinking water. This study is an example of a(an) ________ study.

epidemiological

Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors that influence the prevalence of obesity among different population groups are conducting a(n) ________ study.

epidemiological

The first step in the scientific method is to

make observations that generate questions.

A group of registered dietitian nutritionists is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on behavior in school-aged children. To start, the researchers will

make observations.

Scientists enroll 500 healthy adults in a study and collect dietary and other lifestyle information about the group. After 6 years, the scientists determine that study participants who ate at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily were less likely to develop high blood pressure than participants who ate fewer than 5 servings of these foods daily. This study is an example of a(n) ________ study.

prospective

An online magazine article about weight-loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual. The faulty information is an example of

pseudoscience

conventional wisdom

tradition

Red flag examples

1. promise of quick and easy remedies 2. attacks on conventional science 3. testimonials and anecdotes 4. claims that sound too good to be true 5. promotes benefits while overlooking risks

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

As children increase their physical activity level, they develop greater muscle mass than children who are less active. (?)

The government agency that enforces consumer protection laws by investigating false or misleading health-related claims is the

Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

Which of the following sources of information features peer-reviewed articles?

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Derek takes protein supplements before and after his workouts. He told his workout partner that he became 200% stronger within a couple of months after he added the supplements to his diet. His report about the effects of the supplements is an example of a(n) ________.

anecdote

The results of a research study indicate that those adults who consume the most sugar-sweetened beverages also have the highest rates of type 2 diabetes. These findings suggest there is a(n) _______ correlation between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and risk for type 2 diabetes.

direct (?)

data

information

The vitamin effective in treating pellagra is

niacin

Over a 2-year period, a team of scientists records the eating behaviors and physical activity patterns of a group of healthy 8-year-old children to determine whether these factors are associated with weight gain. This study is an example of a(n) ________ study.

prospective

anecdote

report of personal experience

experiment

systematic testing of hypothesis

A group of scientists suspects that certain dietary practices are partially responsible for different rates of hypertension among adults of different ethnic/racial groups. To test their hypothesis, the researchers examine data concerning the different population groups' hypertension rates and their past dietary practices. This research is a ________ study.

retrospective