Nutrition Chapter 2

Which of the following observations is an example of a positive correlation?

When women gain less weight than average during pregnancy, the birthweights of their babies tend to be lower than average.

Genetic susceptibility

inherited proneness

A physician who uses alternative health care practices along with conventional forms of treatment is practicing______________

integrative health care

Codes

Used to identify a subject's group membership, this information is not revealed until the end of the study.

A__________________ is a factor such as a person's age, weight or environment that can change and influence an outcome.

Variable

Alternative health care practices include the use of

homeopathy to treat cancer

Which of the following practices is an example of integrative health care?

A physician who treats a patient's back pain with cortisone injections and massage therapy.

prospective

(adj) potential, in the future

Quackery

promotion of useless medical treatments

double-blind studies

when neither researchers nor participants are aware of who's in the experimental or control group

Explain why a prescription medication that is used to treat the common cold is not a dietary supplement.

According to the FDA, a drug is a substance natural or human - made, that alters body functions. Although many dietary supplements act as drugs in the body, the FDA regulates dietary supplements as foods, not medications. Therefore, consumers do not need to obtain a physician's prescription to purchase a dietary supplement.

Credible nutrition information includes

Bias-free presentation of the research

Ginger

Can safely treat morning sickness and some other forms of nausea.

List at least three examples of alternative health care practices.

Chiropractic manipulations, homeopathy, use of herbal remedies and non vitamin, nonmineral products.

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when investigating whether cigarette smoking influences weight gain?

Cohort

Flaxseed oil

Generally safe but may cause diarrhea

Alternative health care

Health care practices that are not widely accepted and used by conventional medical practitioners

Conventional Medicine care

Health care practices that are widely accepted and used to mainstream medical practitioners.

Chronic diseases

Heart disease and cancer

A control group is important for which of the following reasons?

It enables scientist to control the influence of other variables in the study. It allows scientists to determine if a treatment had an effect.

Retrospective

Looking backward over a period of time

Bitter orange

May increase blood pressure and cause stroke

St. John's wort

May interact with oral contraceptives

NHANES

National Nutrition and Health Examination Survey

Case-control study

Study in which individuals who have a health condition are compared with individuals with similar characteristics who do not have the condition.

Return to questionItem 26Item 26 10 points Time Remaining 28 minutes 17 seconds00:28:17 Which of the following observations is an example of a negative (an inverse) correlation?

When a group of older adults increases their intake of high-fiber foods, the percentage of people in the group who develop intestinal cancer decreases.

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

When members of a population increase their consumption of milk and milk products, their risk of bone fractures decreases.

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Women who smoke 5 or more cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy.

Many Americans, including Denny, take echinacea because they think it

boosts immune system functioning and prevents the common cold

According to scientific research, _______ can prevent or limit diarrhea that often results from taking antibiotics.

certain probiotics

Because Denny is allergic to ragweed, he may experience an allergic reaction to _______.

echinacea

Scientists who investigate lifestyle factors that influence the prevalence of obesity among different human population groups are conducting a(n) ________ study

epidemiological

peer review

expert critical analysis of a research article before it is published

A magazine article about weight loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual. The faulty information is an example of ________.

pseudoscience

A doctor advises patients who have arthritis to treat their condition by wearing copper bracelets and taking dietary supplements that contain kava and green tea extracts. Based on this information, the doctor's recommendation is an example of _______.

quackery, the promotion of useless medical treatments

epidemiological studies

reveal the incidence and prevalence of a disorder in a particular population

Epidemiology

study of the occurrence, distribution, and spread of disease in humans

Cohort study

study that measures variables of a group of people over time

What is the difference between a testimonial and an anecdote?

A testimonial is a personal endorsement of a product. Anecdotes are reports or personal experiences.