Nutrition Chapter 3 Quiz

Which large blood vessel is the first to receive most recently eaten nutrients, transporting them to the liver? A) Portal vein B) Mesenteric vein C) Subclavian vein D) Hepatic vein

A Portal vein

Which of the following is a description of chyme? A) A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines B) The semisolid mass of undigested food that is swallowed C) The mixture of pancreatic juices containing enzymes for digestion D) A thick, viscous material synthesized by mucosal cells for protection against digestive juices

A) A watery mixture of partially digested food released by the stomach into the intestines

Where does digestion begin? A) Mouth B) Stomach C) Esophagus D) Small intestine

A) Mouth

Which of the following organs serves as a storage depot for many vitamins and minerals? A) brain B) liver C) stomach D) kidney

B) liver

Chewing food is an example of A) probiotic activity. B) mechanical digestion. C) anabolic metabolism. D) active absorption.

B) mechanical digestion.

Most digestion takes place in the A) stomach. B) small intestine. C) pancreas. D) large intestine.

B) small intestine

After digestion and absorption, which circulatory system carries fat and fat-soluble vitamins? A) Portal B) Enterohepatic C) Lymphatic D) Mesentery

C) Lymphatic

What sphincter separates the small intestine from the large intestine? A) Pyloric B) Esophageal C) Rectal D) Ileocecal

D) Ileocecal

What is the function of mucus in the stomach? A) Emulsifies fats B) Neutralizes stomach acid C) Digests food D) Protects stomach cells from gastric juices

D) Protects stomach cells from gastric juices

Which hormone functions in the regulation of the body's metabolic rate? A) glucagon B) vitamin D C) insulin D) thyroid hormone

D) Thyroid hormone

Which of the following body organs produces bile? A) stomach B) salivary glands C) pancreas D) liver

D) liver

Linda has heard that the acidic environment of the stomach is similar to that of a car battery. If the stomach is so acidic, why doesn't the acid eat away at the stomach lining and cause holes in the stomach?

The stomach is lined with a layer of mucus that protects it.

The digestive system not only processes the foods we eat but it is also the site of some nutrient production. Which two nutrients are produced by bacteria that live in the large intestine?

Vitamin K & Biotin

These protein-based substances enhance digestion by making chemical reactions more likely to happen.

enzymes

Peristalsis refers to

muscular movement of materials through the GI tract.

The study of how food impacts health through its interaction with our genes and its subsequent effect on gene expression is called

nutrigenomics.

The most active area for the absorption of nutrients into the body is the

small intestine

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow? A) Epiglottis B) Tongue C) Tonsils D) Esophagus

A) Epiglottis

Where are most digestive enzymes produced? A) Pancreas and small intestine B) Liver and large intestine C) Pancreas and large intestine D) Liver and pancreas

A) Pancreas and small intestine

All of the following are thought to be principal causes of ulcer disease EXCEPT : A) having a high-stress lifestyle. B) disorders that cause excessive acid production in the stomach. C) infection of the stomach by the acid-resistant bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). D) heavy use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin.

A) having a high-stress lifestyle.

The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system. A) liver B) colon C) jejunum D) epiglottis

A) liver

The villi of the small intestine A) provide an enormous surface area that facilitates absorption. B) store fat-soluble vitamins. C) continuously move food through the small intestine to the colon. D) inactivate enzymes consumed with food.

A) provide an enormous surface area that facilitates absorption.

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the A) pyloric sphincter. B) esophageal sphincter. C) Sphincter of Oddi. D) ileocecal sphincter.

A) pyloric sphincter.

To which body part does blood travel to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide? A) Heart B) Lungs C) Liver D) Kidneys

B) Lungs

In passive absorption, nutrients enter the cell A) with the expenditure of energy. B) from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. C) from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration. D) with a carrier

B) from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.