Nutrition Chapter 4

The minimum amount of carbohydrates needed daily is ___ grams?

130

Carbohydrates provide __ kilocalories per gram?

4

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) recommendation is that ___ percent of an adult's total daily energy intake should come from carbohydrates?

45% to 65%

If a food contains 25 grams of carbohydrates and 200 kilocalories per serving, what percent of the kilocalories in this food come from carbohydrates?

50 %

The disaccharide lactose (milk sugar) is composed of?

A molecule of glucose and a molecule of galactose.

Which of the following is an example of a complex carbohydrate? A. All options are correct B. Starch C. Fiber D. Glycogen

A. All options are correct

Which of the following foods contains the least amount of fiber? A. One serving of meat B. One baked potato (skin included) C. One peach (skin included) D. Six whole-grain crackers

A. One serving of meat

People with the inherited disorder known of phenylketonuria (PKU) are unable to metabolize which of the following sweetners?

Aspartame (NutraSweet or Equal)

Which of the following types of grains provide the most micronutrients and dietary fiber? A. Refined grains B. Enriched grains C. Whole grains D. All grains are equally nutrutious

C. Whole grains

Which of the following behaviors can help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes? A. limiting added sugar B. exercising regularly C. Eating a balanced, high fiber, healthy diet D. All options are correct

D. All options are correct

Sucrose is a?

Disaccharide

The small bulging pouches that are sometimes found along the intestinal lining are called?

Diverticula

What can help someone who is lactose intolerant enjoy dairy products?

Drinking lactose-reduced milk, consuming small amounts of dairy throughout the day, and consuming breakfast cereal with yogurt instead of milk

What nutrients are added to enriched grains?

Folic acid, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and iron

The hormone that directs the breakdown of glycogen in glucose is?

Glucagon

What hormone, released form the pancreas in response to a low blood glucose level, acts to raise blood glucose back to normal?

Glucagon

The process of making glucose from noncarbohydrate sources is called?

Gluconeogenesis

The most abundant carbohydrate in nature is?

Glucose

___ is the storage form of glucose in the body?

Glycogen

Dietary fiber is associated with a reduced risk for___?

Heart disease, certain cancers, constipation, diverticulosis, and diverticulitis.

What hormone is needed to move glucose (obtained from the food consumed) from the blood into the body's cells?

Insulin

People with a deficiency of the enzyme lactase cannot properly digest?

Lactose (milk sugar)

Eating foods high in soluble fiber may help reduce high blood cholesterol levels. The best soluble fiber is ?

Oatmeal

Reducing the consumption of ___ will have the biggest impact on decreasing the amount of added sugars that Americans consume?

Soda, energy drinks, and sports drinks

Where in the body are disaccharides digested and absorbed?

The small intestine

Which of the following provides at least one serving of a whole-grain food?

Three-fourths cup of cooked oatmeal with fat-free milk

The autoimmune disease that destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas is called?

Type 1 diabetes