Nutrition- Chapter 6

All minerals consumed in excess of need are excreted in the urine.

False, Some are excreted, homeostasis will adjust rate for other excess minerals.

Adults need eight 8 oz glasses of fluid daily to meet their requirement for fluid.

False, although the old adage to drink 8 eight oz glasses of fluid daily may be reasonable there is little scientific evidence to support this recommendation.

Calcium supplements are a safe and effective way to ensure an adequate calcium intake.

False, calcium supplements can increase risk of cardiovascular mishaps.

A chronically low intake of calcium leads to hypocalcemia.

False, chronically low intake of calcium compromises the density and strength of bones but does not lead to hypocalcemia.

Like vitamins, the mineral content of food can be destroyed by light, heat, or acids during food preparation.

False, minerals are organic elements that are not digested nor are they destroyed by light, heat, or acids.

Major minerals are more important for health than trace minerals.

False, the major and trace descriptions refer to the relative quantity of the mineral found in the body not to its importance in maintaining health.

Sodium is the most plentiful mineral in the body.

False. Calcium is the most plentiful, sodium is the most abundant in the diet.

Foods high in sodium tend to be low in potassium, and foods high in potassium tend to be low in sodium.

True.

For most people, thirst is a reliable indicator of fluid needs.

True.

Trace mineral balance is strongly influenced by interactions with other minerals and dietary factors.

True.

When developing a teaching plan for a client who is lactose intolerant, which of the following foods would the nurse suggest as sources of calcium the client could tolerate?

a. Cheddar cheese, bok choy, broccoli

Which of the following recommendations would be most effective at helping a client maximize iron absorption?

a. Drink orange juice when you eat iron-fortified breakfast cereal.

A healthy, young adult client asks how much water he should drink daily. Which of the following would be the nurse's best response?

b. "Drink to satisfy thirst and you will consume adequate fluid."

Which of the following recommendations would be most effective at increasing potassium intake?

b. Eat more fruits and vegetables.

A client with osteoporosis was advised to drink 3 glasses of milk daily to increase her calcium intake. She wants to know why she just can't take calcium supplements. The nurse's best response is

c. "Calcium is best obtained from foods, not pills, and fat-free milk is one of the best options."

What should you tell the client about taking mineral supplements?

c. "If you do not have a mineral deficiency, taking supplements can lead to a potentially excessive intake that can cause adverse health effects."

A client asks why eating less sodium is important for healthy people. The nurse's best response is...

c. "There is a positive relationship between higher sodium intake and the risk of high blood pressure; lowering sodium intake may help prevent or delay high blood pressure."

A client says he never adds salt to any foods that his wife serves, so he believes he is consuming a low-sodium diet. Which of the following is the nurse's best response?

d. "The major sources of sodium are processed and convenience foods. Limiting their intake makes the biggest impact on overall sodium intake."