Nutrition Chapter 7
Three-year-old Jamie is a healthy, active child. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance.
positive
T/F: "Eczema" is a common sign of a food allergy.
true
T/F: "Hives" are a common sign of a food allergy.
true
T/F: Alanine is not an essential amino acid.
true
T/F: DNA contains coded information for making proteins.
true
T/F: Methionine is an essential amino acid.
true
T/F: People who have high blood uric acid levels are likely to develop gout.
true
T/F: Threonine is an essential amino acid.
true
T/F: To estimate a healthy college student's RDA for protein, multiply his or her weight in kg by 0.8 grams.
true
T/F: Tryptophan is an essential amino acid.
true
Lucy has a disease that affects the functioning of her pancreas. Based on this information, she may have difficulty digesting proteins because of a lack of ________.
trypsin
Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins? Amylase Cholecystokinin Trypsin Bile
trypsin
A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have ________ as an ingredient.
tryptophan
________ is an essential amino acid.
Lysine
Which of the following substances is usually one of the limiting amino acid in foods, particularly those of plant origin? Phenylalanine Arginine Methionine Leucine
Methionine
You are planning a party for a group of friends. Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party, without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease?
pieces of melon and berries
________ is an essential amino acid.
Threonine
According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a can of beans, one serving of the legumes supplies 6 g of protein. The DV for protein is 50 g. Estimate the %DV for protein in a serving of the beans.
12%
Katrina is 20 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, what is her range of protein intake?
180 to 630kcal/day
According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a can of tuna, one serving of the fish supplies 16 g of protein. The DV for protein is 50 g. Estimate the %DV for protein in a serving of the tuna.
32%
Bethaney is 20 years of age and weighs 50 kg. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is ________ grams.
40
Marta is 22 years of age and weighs 132 pounds. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is ________ grams.
48
Joaquin would like to purchase a salad at the grocery store that contains high-quality protein. According to the following salad product label ingredient lists, which product should he choose?
Cooked chicken breast, mayonnaise, hard-boiled eggs, celery, sugar, sea salt, lemon juice, and pepper
Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's ________.
DNA
________ is an essential amino acid.
Methionine
Which of the following menu items does not contain complementary protein? Whole-wheat crackers spread with soy nut butter Pita bread dipped in mashed chickpeas Kidney beans mixed with rice Salad made with apples, pears, and grapes
Salad made with apples, pears, and grapes
Which of the following forms of produce is the most expensive per pound? Sliced, yellow, delicious apples at $1.00 per 1-ounce bag Fresh, yellow, delicious apples at $5.49 per 2-pound bag Sliced, yellow, delicious apples at $2.25 per pound bag Fresh, yellow, delicious apples at $3.50 per 2-pound bag
Sliced, yellow, delicious apples at $1.00 per 1-ounce bag
The deamination process forms ________.
ammonia
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Fat-free milk Apple Peanuts Sesame seeds
apple
Dallas, a healthy, active teenager, was diagnosed with PKU when he was only a few days old. In addition to foods that are manufactured to be low in phenylalanine, which of the following foods can he eat to meet his protein needs safely?
baked potatoes
The body uses proteins to make ________.
certain hormones
Compared to a triglyceride molecule, a protein molecule ________.
has nitrogen in its chemical structure
In the stomach, ________ participate in the chemical digestion of protein.
hydrochloric acid and pepsin
Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins? Amylase Lipase Mucus Pepsin
pepsin
The chemical attraction between the acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid can form a ________.
peptide bond
A gene is a _________.
piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein
A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have ________ as an ingredient. tryptophan glutamic acid taurine aspartic acid
tryptophan
Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein? Tuna fish Corn oil margarine Leaf lettuce Red grapes
tuna fish
Which of the following statements is true? A. Transamination isthe process of removing the nitrogen group from an amino acid and transferringit to another substance. B. A protein moleculeloses its natural folded and coiled shape as well as its usual functions whenit undergoes hydrogenation. C. Application ofheat, alcohol, or acid can kill proteins. D. The human digestive tract cannot digest the peptide bonds that hold amino acids together.
*not B or C
Evan is 28 years of age and weighs 130 kg. His RDA for protein is ________ grams.
104
Isabella is 24 years of age and weighs 156 pounds. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is about ________ grams.
57
Keegan is 24 years of age and weighs 178 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is about ________ grams.
65
Which of the following foods is a high-protein snack that can replace a snack that contains animal proteins? 8 ounces of soy milk 1 ounce of baby carrots ½ cup ofwatermelon chunks 6 whole-wheat crackers
8 ounces of soy milk
Luis is 23 years of age and weighs 220 pounds. Based on his body weight, his RDA for protein is ________ grams.
80
Which of the following statements is true? A. Diabetes is a major sign of protein undernutrition. B. People with chronic inflammation often have higher protein needs. C. A person with an increased appetite has a higher risk of protein undernutrition. D. Teenagers often do not consume enough protein to meet their needs.
Not A or D
Which of the following statements is true? A. Compared to children in other parts of the world, impoverished children in the United States have the highest risk of protein-energy malnutrition. B. Protein-energy malnutrition affects babies while they are breastfeeding. C. Edema is a major sign of protein-energy malnutrition. D. In the United States, teenagers have the greatest risk of protein-energy malnutrition.
Not B
Cameron was born with a condition that requires him to limit eating foods that contain phenylalanine. Based on this information, Cameron has ________.
PKU
When combined, which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish? Sesame, sunflower,and pumpkin seeds Peaches, bananas,and apricots Iceberg lettuce,carrots, and tomatoes Peanuts, rice, and cashews
Peanuts, rice, and cashews
Buddy is a vegan. Which of the following foods does he eat to supply his diet with protein? Eggs Quinoa Fat-free milk Butter
Quinoa
Leona is making lemon pudding from "scratch." Her ingredients include fat-free milk, corn starch, lemon juice, egg yolks, salt, sugar, and butter. When she added some of the ingredients together, little clumps formed in the mixture before she could heat it. What happened to those ingredients?
The acid in thelemon juice denatured the milk proteins.
Which of the following statements is true? The human bodynormally uses very little protein for energy. Proteins arecomprised of smaller chemical units called nucleic acids. Proteins are comprised of phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. The body needs protein to make sodium, calcium, and other mineral elements.
The human bodynormally uses very little protein for energy.
Which of the following menu items contains complementary protein? Whole-wheat crackers spread with soy nut butter Banana, apple,and grapefruit slices in a mixed fruit salad Kidney and green beans in vinegar and oil Whole-wheat bread with strawberry jam
Whole-wheat crackers spread with soy nut butter
Which of the following diets does not provide enough high-quality proteins to support a child's growth? Pescatarian Ovovegetarian Fruitarian Semivegetarian
fruitarian
A ________ remains when the nitrogen-containing portion of an amino acid is removed.
carbon skeleton
Which of the following foods is not usually responsible for causing allergic responses? Carrots andcelery Wheat andshellfish Peanuts and other nuts Fish andshellfish
carrots and celery
When Thompson was 5 years of age, he began to complain that his stomach hurt, especially after eating meals and snacks. He also experienced chronic diarrhea. His parents noticed that he could eat poultry, meat, dairy foods, fruits, and vegetables without developing any intestinal problems, but he would get a "tummy ache" soon after eating sandwiches, cookies, crackers, or pancakes. Based on this information, Thompson's parents should have him evaluated for ________.
celiac disease
Two-month-old Deanna is not growing normally. After Deanna underwent numerous tests, her physicians determined that she was born with a condition in which fat deposits form in cells that are not designed to store fat. The fat deposits eventually kill the cells. Her older brother died as a result of the same disorder when he was 8 months of age. Based on this information, Deanna has ________.
defective DNA
Consuming too much protein or excess amino acids can contribute to ________.
dehydration
________ is the process that changes the normal shape of a protein and, as a result, the molecule loses its usual functions.
denaturation
The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label ________.
does not include information about the product's protein quality
Plant-based diets may not supply enough ________ to meet a child's needs.
energy
T/F: All proteins have potassium in their chemical structures.
false
T/F: Diets that contain high amounts of ham, sausage,and bacon are not associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
false
T/F: Gluten sensitivity is the medical name for celiac disease.
false
T/F: Human proteins can be made from as many as 25 different amino acids.
false
T/F: In humans, the pancreas is the main site for nonessential amino acid production.
false
T/F: Lysine is not an essential amino acid.
false
T/F: Phenylalanine is not an essential amino acid.
false
T/F: The Nutrition Facts panel provides information concerning amounts of seven essential amino acids in a serving of food.
false
Which of the following foods is naturally a good source of high-quality protein? Fat-free milk Soybean oil Avocado with leafy greens salad Sesame seed crackers
fat-free milk
An amino acid does not contain a(an) ________.
fatty acid
Which of the following label resources can you use to determine whether a canned food has high-quality protein? Ingredients' list Daily Value for protein Protein disclaimer Nutrition Facts panel
ingredients list
Bernice is a vegan. Which of the following foods does she eat to supply her diet with protein? Eggs Cheese Legumes Butter
legumes
The ________ is main site of deamination in the body.
liver
The ________ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans.
liver
Which of the following substances is usually the limiting amino acid in foods, particularly those of plant origin? glycine alanine lysine lsoleucine
lysine
Bernard has been suffering from a viral infection for over a week. As a result of the illness, he has a fever and has lost his appetite. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance.
negative
Victoria is 92 years of age. Recently, she experienced a viral infection that has made her weak and lose interest in eating. Based on this information, Victoria is in ________.
negative nitrogen balance
Every amino acid has ________ in its chemical structure.
nitrogen
In 2015-2016, Americans typically ate more protein from ________ than they consumed in 1999. A. unprocessed poultry B. unprocessed red meat C. processed meat D. fish and shellfish
not B or C
Aniah and Tiffany are the same age, weight, and height. However, Tiffany's heart rate increases and she feels anxious after drinking 1 cup of caffeinated coffee. Aniah drinks 3 cups of caffeinated coffee a day and does not experience any side effects from the caffeine. This is an example of ________.
nutrigenetics
High intakes of vitamin A during pregnancy can cause birth defects. This is an example of ________.
nutrigenomics
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Cottage cheese Pistachio nuts Chicken Onions
onions
Diets that contain high amounts of red or processed meats are associated with an increased risk of developing __________.
pancreatic cancer also, colon cancer
Which of the following foods are legumes? Peanuts Potatoes Onions Mushrooms
peanuts
Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons? Broccoli Grapes Blueberries Peanuts
peanuts
A scientist isolates a water-soluble compound from spider venom. The substance has nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in its chemical structure. Based on this information, the compound is probably a ________.
protein
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Cashew nuts Red cabbage Fat-free milk Sunflower seeds
red cabbage
To tenderize a thin piece of raw meat before cooking it, place the meat in a marinade that contains ________.
red wine
Taryn is a pescatarian. Which of the following foods does she eat? Eggs Chicken Salmon Cheese
salmon
Of the following foods, which is the best source of essential amino acids? Leaf lettuce Sunflower seeds Grape juice Carrots
sunflower seeds
You would like to bake a special pudding for a friend who has celiac disease. The original pudding recipe is made with eggs, flour, milk, sugar, vanilla, and butter. To make pudding that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute ________ for the ________ in the recipe. apple juice;milk honey; sugar corn oil;butter tapioca;flour
tapioca;flour
Marla is a healthy 30-year-old woman. She doesn't work out, but she consumes protein supplements because she thinks they will increase her muscle mass without the need to exercise. Based on this information, the excess amino acids in her diet will ________.
undergo deamination in her liver
In 2015-2016, American's typical consumption of ________ decreased compared to 1999.
unprocessed red meat
Ruben has a family history of type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, he should consider following a ________ diet.
vegan
The typical vegetarian diet supplies high amounts of ________.
vitamin c
