nutrition chp 6

What are the major functions of fatty acids and triglycerides in the body?

To insulate and protect the body To provide energy To aid in transport of fat-soluble vitamins

-------and fatty acids are essential for optimal health because they provide a concentrated source of energy.

Triglycerides

What is the structure of a glycerol molecule?

an alcohol containing three carbons

A diet rich in ________ can help reduce LDL oxidation and thus decrease the risk of CVD and Metabolic Syndrome.

antioxidants

why are alpha-linolenic and linoleic acids considered essential fatty acids

because our bodies are unable to synthesize them because we must get them from food

What are some examples of added fats?

butter, shortening

Which lipoprotein is formed in the intestinal absorptive cell and carries dietary triglycerides that have been re-formed?

chylomicron

Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are ________ fatty acids.

essential

A triglyceride that loses a------------is called a diglyceride

fatty acid

what are the different names of fatty acids based on?

number of carbon position of carbon

A monounsaturated fatty acid has --------------location(s) in the carbon chain that is not saturated with hydrogen.

one

What increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and Metabolic Syndrome?

oxidized LDL

In what organ are fat-soluble vitamins absorbed?

small intestine

Z-trim, gums, and Salatrim, are used by companies to

to reduce the fat content

_______ fatty acids from hydrogenated fats have harmful effects associated with increasing blood cholesterol levels and lowering levels of HDL cholesterol.

trans

What are some examples of foods that are considered high in fat?

Mayonnaise Salad oils Margarine Butter

Which statements are true about sterols?

They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Cholesterol is a common example.

Which compound's role is to help transport lipids through the water-based blood and lymphatic systems?

lipoprotein

The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for total fat is _______ of calories for most age groups.

20-35%

What is the first step associated with the absorption of triglycerides?

Monoglycerides and free fatty acids enter the epithelial cells of the small intestine.

where the double bond closest to the methyl end of the fatty acid chain occurs?

Omega system

Which type of fat becomes rancid because their double bonds are easily damaged by oxygen, heat, metals, or light?

Polyunsaturated fats

In which of the following functions do eicosanoids play an important role?

Regulating ovulation Maintaining normal kidney function Regulating cell division rates

Which of the following properties do all types of lipids have in common?

insoluble in water