OB - Chapter 7
ability to focus
____ is defined as the degree to which employees can devote their attention to work, as opposed to perpetrating or being victimized by office politics
distributive justice
____ is defined as the dimension of justice that reflects the perceived fairness of decision-making outcomes
whistle-blowing
____ is defined as the process by which employees expose illegal or immoral actions by their employer.
abusive supervision
____ is defined as the sustained display of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact
trust propensity
____ refers to a general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon.
moral awareness
_____ is defined as the authority's act of recognizing that a moral issue exists in a situation or that an ethical standard or principle is relevant to the circumstance
virtue of ethics
according to the specific principle of ____, an act is considered to be morally right if it allows the decision maker to lead a 'good life' by adhering to virtues like wisdom, honesty, courage, friendship, mercy, loyalty, modesty, and patience
social exchange
as trust increases between employees and their authorities, ____ relationships develop that are based on vaguely defined obligations that are open-ended and long-term in their repayment schedule
ability
____ is a dimension of trustworthiness, that is defined as the skills, abilities, and the areas of expertise that enable an authority to be successful in some specific context
procedural justice
____ is defined as a dimension of justice that reflects the perceived fairness of decision-making processes
moral identity
____ is defined as the degree to which a person see himself as a 'moral person'
moral intensity
____ is defined as the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency
moral intent
____ is third step in the four-component model of ethical decision making which reflects an authority's degree of commitment to the moral course of action
informational
____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of the communications provided to employees from the authorities
interpersonal
____ justice reflects the perceived fairness of the treatment received by employees from authorities
Ethics
____ reflects the degree to which the behaviors of an authority are in accordance with generally accepted moral norms
corporate social responsibility
_____ is a perspective that acknowledges that the responsibility of a business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and citizenship expectations of society
trustor's feelings for the trustee
affect-based trust is driven by the ____.
an emphasis on laws, rules, and orders that govern society
moral development at the conventional stage is characterized by:
equity
the ____ norm is typically judged to be the fairest choice in situation in which the goal is to maximize the productivity of individual employees
moral awareness
the first step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is _____.
ethical behavior
the last step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is _____.
moral judgment
the second step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is ____.
they care for employees, are concerned about their well-being, and feel a sense of loyalty to them
when authorities are perceived as benevolent, it means that:
distributive
when evaluate outcomes such as pay, rewards, and promotions to determine whether they are allocated using proper norms, they are applying the ____ type of justice
explicit repayment schedule
which of the following is a feature of social exchange relationships between organizations and employees?
truthfulness
which of the following is an informational justice rule?
respect and propriety
which of the following represent the two interpersonal justice rules?
principled level
while fulfilling the ethical component of corporate social responsibility, an organization does what is right, just , and fair. this suggests that the organization has reached the ____ of moral development
truthfulness
The ____ rule requires that the decision-making procedures and outcomes that the authorities explain to employees are honest and candid
utilitarianism
an act is morally right if it results in the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people according to the principle of _____.
affect-based
in the case of ____ trust, our trust arises mostly from the emotional feelings we have for the authority
cognition-based
in the case of ____ trust, we rationally evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of an authority along the dimensions of ability, integrity, and benevolence
justification and truthfulness
informational justice is fostered when authorities adhere to the rules of:
trust propensity
it is argued that ____ represents a sort of 'faith in human nature'
continuance commitment
research has shown that trust does NOT share a positive correlation with ____.
propriety
the ____ rule reflects whether authorities refrain from making improper or offensive remarks
trustworthiness
the characteristics or attributes of a trustee that inspire trust are defined as his _____.
trust
the willingness to be vulnerable to an authority based on positive expectations about the authority's actions and intentions is called_____.
need norm
when organizations protect new employees form committee assignments and other extra activities, so that they can get their careers off to a productive start, they are using the ____ type of allocation norms
cognition-based trust
when trust is rooted in a rational assessment of the authority's trustworthiness, it is called:
benevolence
which of the following dimensions of trustworthiness is defined as the belief that the authority wants to do good for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives?
trust makes employees less likely to engage in counterproductive behaviors
which of the following has been proven in research studying the impact of stress on performance and commitment?
affect-based trust is independent of any features of the trustee
which of the following is true with regard to affect-based trust?
trust propensity is a product of both nature and nurture
which of the following is true with regard to trust propensity?
justice
which of the following reflects the perceived fairness of an authority's decision making?
egoism
which of the following specific principles considers an act to be morally right if the decision maker freely decides to pursue either short-term or long-term interests?
moral intensity captures the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency, while moral attentiveness captures the degree to which people chronically perceive and consider issues of morality during their experiences
which of the following statements differentiates between moral intensity and moral attentiveness?
trust in authorities like the management in a firm depends on two factors: justice and trust
which of the following statements is true with regard to trust, justice, and ethics?
need norm
Leo Motors has an HR policy that does not allow its newly hired employees to work on committee projects or get involved in the union meetings. This is done to ensure that the new employees can concentrate on their work and do not get distracted with other minor issues. Which of the following allocation norms has Leo Motors adopted?
ability
Just a week into the job at the marketing and advertising division of a company, Alex, Neil, and John were given the task of creating an advertisement campaign for the company's new product. Alex and Neil had much trouble with the task and when John volunteered to take it up on their behalf, they readily agreed. Though they had no idea of John's skills in this area, they felt that John could be trusted to do a good job. John, who had done a paper on marketing while in college, reviewed numerous articles, studied the new product thoroughly, and came up with a campaign that received good reviews from his team leaders. John's success in creating a good campaign for the new product completely on his own reflects his _____.
whistle blowing
Paul McEnroe became a household name after he reported the rampant use of sweatshop labor by a famous clothes and accessories company that he worked for. Following his allegations, the company had to pay several million dollars as penalty along with funding rehabilitation programs for the same group of laborers it was exploiting a few months back. This scenario reflects McEnroe's act of _____.
trust propensity
Ron recently moved into a flat in the Oak Wood apartments. As Ron is at work all day, he has requested his neighbor to collect his mails. He receives confidential letters and documents regarding work and his estate. When the mails are given to him, Ron believes that he is the first one to open them. Ron has a high degree of _____.
equality norm
The managers at Pulse, an HR firm, have noticed that the employees are not team players; they are focused on achieving individual goals and the management seeks to change this attitude of its employees. The company wants to create a reward system in which all group members would receive exactly the same grade regardless of their individual productivity levels to promote their ability to work effectively in groups. Which of the following allocation norms would you recommend for this purpose?
authority's track record
cognition-based trust is driven by the:
interpersonal injustice
Bryan McPhelps, a first-line supervisor at Little Toys, regularly uses abusive and derogatory words when dealing with his subordinates. Many employees have also heard Bryan refer to specific employees with inappropriate labels ridiculing their ethnicity, names, or weaknesses. From the scenario, it can be concluded that workers at Little Toys are suffering from _____.
distributive justice
Danny Locker recently put down his papers after his managers failed to give him a pay rise that he felt would rightly compensate for his increasing work load. Danny, who had faced this kind of pay discrimination in the company earlier, finally decided to quit and has begun looking for another job. Danny's resentment related to his pay reflects the specific lack of _____ in the company that he worked for.
justice
When employees perceive high levels of ____, they believe that decision outcomes are fair and that decision-making processes are designed and implemented in a fair manner
economic exchange
employees who do not trust their authorities have ____ relationships that are based on narrowly defined, quid pro quo obligations
explicit repayment schedule
which of the following is a feature of economic exchange relationships between organizations and employees?
morality is practiced to avoid punishment regardless of any concern about moral order
which of the following is a feature of moral development at the pre-conventional stage?
voice
which of the following is a procedural justice rule?
equity
which of the following is a rule under the dimension of distributive justice?
it argues that organizations should contribute resources to improve the quality of life in the communities in which they work
which of the following is a unique feature of the citizenship component of corporate social responsibility?
equality norm
which of the following is an allocation norm under which all group members receive exactly the same grade on a project regardless of their individual productivity levels?
whistle-blowing
which of the following is an example of especially ethical behaviors?
propriety
which of the following is an interpersonal justice rule?
Alex and Neil had a high degree of disposition-based trust
Just a week into the job at the marketing and advertising division of a company, Alex, Neil, and John were given the task of creating an advertisement campaign for the company's new product. Alex and Neil had much trouble with the task and when John volunteered to take it up on their behalf, they readily agreed. Though they had no idea of John's skills in this area, they felt that John could be trusted to do a good job. John, who had done a paper on marketing while in college, reviewed numerous articles, studied the new product thoroughly, and came up with a campaign that received good reviews from his team leaders. Which of the following is true with regard to Alex and Neil?
procedural justice
Safe Heaven Laboratories has a very liberal atmosphere where all employees are welcome to participate in the decision making process. The company values the feedback and suggestions given by the employees who in turn are pleased that they are able to express their opinions freely. Which of the following dimensions of justice is the company promoting by giving its employees voice?
integrity
____ defined as the perception that the authority adheres to a set of values and principles that the trustor finds acceptable
a set of defined, established moral principles
at the post-conventional stage of moral development, right versus wrong is established on the basis of:
conventional level
fulfilling the legal component of corporate social responsibility suggests that the organization has reached the ____ of moral development
