OB/GYN chapter 16: anatomy of the female pelvis

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

B) Ovarian ligament

Which of the following are the paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bone? a. Iliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles

B) rectus abdominis muscles

Prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the: a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

B. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles

The ovary is supplied blood by the: a. Ovarian artery b. Ovarian artery and uterine artery c. Uterine artery d. Arcuate artery

B. Ovarian artery and uterine artery

Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Pouch of Douglas b. Vesicouterine pouch c. Space of Retzius d. Rectouterine pouch

B. Vesicouterine pouch

The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the: a. Internal iliac arteries b. Common iliac arteries c. Ovarian arteries d. External iliac arteries

B. common iliac arteries.

The muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the: a. Iliopsoas muscle b. Rectus abdominis muscle c. Obturator internus muscle d. Piriformis muscle

C) Obturator internus muscle

The right ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Aorta c. Inferior vena cava d. Common iliac vein

C. Inferior vena cava

The true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the: a. Space of Retzius b. Adnexa c. Linea terminalis d. Iliac crest

C. Linea terminalis

The bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscles

D) Piriformis muscles

The space of Retzius is located: a. Between the uterus and bladder b. Between the bladder and ilium c. Along the lateral aspect of the uterus d. Between the bladder and pubic bone

D. Between the bladder and pubic bone

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

D. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

What structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum? a. Broad ligament b. Rectus abdominus muscle c. Space of Retzius d. Uterus

D. Uterus

The anterior cul-de-sac is also referred to as the: a. Space of Retzius b. Rectouterine pouch c. Pouch of Douglas d. Vesicouterine pouch

D. Vesicouterine pouch

The innominate bones of the pelvis consist of the: a. Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones b. Ilium, sacrum, and coccyx bones c. Sacrum, coccyx, and pubic bones d. Sacrum, ischium, and ilium bones

Ischium, ilium, and pubic bones

The sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. In the transverse plane, you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. These structures are most likely the: a. Broad ligaments b. Cardinal ligaments c. Ovarian ligaments d. Uterosacral ligaments

broad ligaments

The urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the: a. True pelvis b. False pelvis

true pelvis

Fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Douglas c. Anterior cul-de-sac d. Adnexa

b. pouch of douglas

Both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the: a. Common iliac artery b. Radial artery c. Arcuate artery d. External iliac artery

b. radial artery

The uterine arteries supply blood to all of the following except: a. Fallopian tubes b. Rectum c. Ovaries d. Uterus

b. rectum

Pelvic muscles appear: a. Echogenic b. Anechoic c. Hypoechoic d. Complex

C) hypoechoic

A patient presents to the sonography department with a history of uterine prolapsed. Which of the following best describes this disorder? a. A condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina. b. A congenital anomaly that results in the duplication of the uterus. c. A condition that results in the abnormal invasion of the myometrium through the bladder wall leading to hematuria. d. An abnormality that describes the inversion of the myometrium and endometrium.

a condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus, often through the vagina

The right ovarian artery branches off of the: a. Aorta b. Right renal artery c. Uterine artery d. Internal iliac artery

aorta

The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is the: a. Broad ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Piriformis ligament d. Round ligament

broad ligament

The vagina is located __ to the uterus: a. anterior b. posterior c. inferior d. medial

c. inferior

The uterine artery branches off of the: a. Abdominal aorta b. Uterine plexus c. Internal iliac artery d. External iliac artery

c. internal iliac artery

Another name for the rectouterine pouch is the: a. Space of Retzius b. Pouch of Retzius c. Pouch of Douglas d. Anterior cul-de-sac

c. pouch of douglas

What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity? a. Space of Retzius b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Pouch of Douglas d. Rectovessicular pouch

c. pouch of douglas

The ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is the: a. Cardinal ligament b. Ovarian ligament c. Broad ligament d. Suspensory ligament of the ovary

cardinal ligament

Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the: a. Rectouterine spaces b. Anterior cul-de-sacs c. Lateral cul-de-sacs d. Adnexa

d. adnexa

Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will appear: a. Anechoic b. Hypoechoic c. Dark d. Hyperechoic

d. hyperechoic

The left ovarian vein drains directly into the: a. Right renal vein b. Inferior vena cava c. Aorta d. Left renal vein

d. left renal vein

What other term is used to describe the space of Retzius? a. Posterior cul-de-sac b. Anterior cul-de-sac c. Murphy pouch d. Retropubic space

d. retropubic space

The paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the: a. Iliopsoas muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator interni muscles d. Piriformis muscles

iliopsoas muscles

The pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the: a. Levator ani muscles b. Rectus abdominis muscles c. Obturator internus muscles d. Piriformis muscle

levator ani muscles

Pelvic bones, when visualized on sonography, will produce: a. Posterior shadowing b. Posterior enhancement c. Mirror image artifact d. Minimal enhancement

posterior shadowing

Which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium? a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

radial arteries

The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

b. spiral arteries

The peripheral arteries of the uterus are the: a. Radial arteries b. Spiral arteries c. Straight arteries d. Arcuate arteries

D) Arcuate arteries

The muscles that may be confused with the ovaries on a pelvic sonogram include the: a. Rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. Levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. Obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. Piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

d. piriformis and iliopsoas muscles