OBM Chapter 4 Study Guide

The ________ is a personality assessment model that taps basic dimensions which encompass most of the significant variation in human personality, namely extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.

Big Five model

________ refers to bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as a person.

Core self-evaluation

People with an ESTJ personality type are characterized as ________ according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification.

Decisive

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of "E or I" stand for?

Extraverted/Introverted

Amber Downing, a human resource executive, is in charge of the recruitment process in her organization. During the hiring process, she often needs to coordinate with prospective employees. The organizational process does not require her to inform employees who do not get through the selection process. However, she believes that it is rude not to give them an update. She thus makes sure that she sends them e-mails informing them about the selection process. Which of the following types is Downing characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

Feeling

Who defined personality as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment?

Gordon Allport

With reference to the Big Five Model, which of the following is a difference between highly agreeable and less agreeable people?

Highly agreeable people tend to do better in interpersonally oriented jobs than less agreeable people.

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people with an ENTP personality type are most likely to be ________.

Innovative

Which of the following differentiates introverts from extraverts?

Introverts are less impulsive than extraverts.

What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as a measure of personality?

It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another.

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the judging type ________.

Judging

Which of the following personality traits indicates the degree to which a person is unemotional and pragmatic and believes that ends can justify means?

Machiavellianism

The ________ is a personality assessment consisting of 100 questions where respondents are classified as extraverted or introverted, sensing or intuitive, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

________ refers to the tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement.

Narcissism

According to Gordon Allport, ________ is defined as the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine a person's unique adjustments to his/her environment.

Personality

Esther Lugo has gone for an interview at an advertising firm in Manhattan and has been asked to complete a self-report survey to help interviewers understand if she is the right candidate for the job. From the interview, they have found that she is extroverted, empathic, scrupulous, and cooperative in nature, which are key characteristics needed for the job. These characteristics about Lugo indicate her ________.

Personality

________ is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.

Personality

Which of the following statements is true about personality?

Personality is influenced by hereditary factors.

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are practical and prefer routine and order and focus on details.

Sensing

What does the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator classification of S versus N stand for?

Sensing/Intuitive

Which of the following statements is true about people with positive core self-evaluations?

They are committed to their goals and set ambitious goals.

Which of the following is a drawback of self-report surveys?

They may result in the respondent lying to create a good impression.

Valerie Sinclair, a climate campaigner at an environmental organization, invariably uses rationale to make decisions for project implementation. She believes that the right decisions can be made only through scrutiny and analysis. Each time she needs to make a decision, she weighs all options before taking action. Which of the following is a characteristic of Sinclair's personality type according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

Thinking

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, introverted-intuitive-thinking-judging type of people are ________. (INTJ)

Visionaries

A high Mach would be most productive in which of the following positions?

a sales person whose major part of the salary consists of sales commission

As compared to high self-monitors, low self-monitors ________.

are less likely to emerge as leaders

Which of the following dimensions of the Big Five model indicates a person's ability to withstand stress?

emotional stability

People scoring high on the ________ dimension of the Big Five model are more likely to be absent from work and engage in risky behavior than those who score low.

extraversion

Which of the following terms refers to factors such as one's biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup determined at conception?

heredity

Individuals scoring ________ have a strong ability to adjust their behavior to external, situational factors and can behave differently in different situations.

high on self-monitoring

Elaine Chamberlain works as a research executive at an environmental organization. Though her colleagues are helpful and friendly, because of her shy nature, she often eats her lunch at her desk and has limited interactions with them. She is glad that her nature of work does not require her to interact with her co-workers to a high extent. Which of the following types is Chamberlain most likely to be characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

introverted

During an annual review, Michel Godfrey made the following assertion: "When I look at myself and my performance, I see that what I have achieved is outstanding and something no one in the organization has the capacity to undertake. Surprisingly, it has not won me the admiration of my colleagues like it should have. I also believe that I do not just deserve a raise, but need one, since without me, let's face it, the place would simply fall apart." Which of the following personality traits best describes Michel's personality?

narcissism

Tracy Winter works at a publishing firm in London and recently received an e-mail from the human resource department of her company asking her to study the behavior of a colleague, Cindy Camp, including her attention toward her work, without Camp's knowledge. Winter now needs to scrutinize Camp's behavior and notice if she is free from distractions and pays sufficient attention to her tasks. Which of the following is Winter conducting?

observer-ratings survey

In ________, a co-worker or another observer does an independent assessment of personality, with or without the subject's knowledge.

observer-ratings surveys

According to the Big Five model, the ________ dimension addresses a range of interests and fascination with novelty.

openness to experience

Marina Lyon works as a reservation executive at a travel and tourism company. Though her job requires her only to efficiently book flight tickets for customers, she has also opted to undergo training to learn the process of hotel reservations. In addition, every evening she reads travelogues to be aware of upcoming travel destinations and trends. She loves the industry she works in and is eager to learn as much as she can. Considering the information given in this case, which dimension of the Big Five model best describes Lyon's personality?

openness to experience

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the ________ type are flexible and spontaneous.

perceiving

Which of the following are characteristics of the intuitive type of people according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

rely on unconscious processes and look at the overall picture

According to the Big Five model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________.

responsible, organized, and dependable

Which of the following is the most common means of measuring personality?

self-report surveys

Individuals low in self-monitoring ________.

tend to display their true dispositions and attitudes in every situation

Which of the following does the heredity approach state?

An individual's personality is determined by molecular structure of the genes.

Which dimension of the Big Five model is a measure of reliability?

Conscientiousness

________ has been found to be more important than other traits in the success of CEOs of private equity companies.

Conscientiousness

Among the Big Five model traits, ________ is most strongly related to life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and low stress levels.

Emotional Stability

Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?

Propensity

Which of the following is true about narcissists?

They are more likely to emerge as leaders.

Which of the following is most likely to be a drawback of highly conscientious people according to the Big Five model?

They do not adapt well to changing contexts.

Ellen Athers works as a communication executive at a travel house. She is known to be friendly with her colleagues and interacts with them regularly to build strong work relationships. She knows that her rapport with her co-workers is a crucial part of her work and invests time in these relationships. In addition, she is assertive in making decisions, and colleagues take her decisions seriously. Which of the following types is Athers most likely to be characterized as according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification?

extraverted

According to the Big Five model, a person who scores ________ is easily distracted, disorganized, and unreliable.

low on conscientiousness