OMIS 352 Chapter 5

d. planning

Creating the WBS is a subprocess associated with the _____ process in project scope management. a. closing b. executing c. monitoring and controlling d. planning

project scope statements

should include at least a product scope description, product user acceptance criteria, and detailed information on all project deliverables

bottom up approach

team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible, then they aggregate the specific tasks and organize them into summary activities

outputs of define scope

Project scope statement Project documents updates

outputs of collect requirements

Requirements documentation Requirements traceability matrix

d. mind mapping

What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a nonlinear format? a. top down b. bottom up c. analogy d. mind mapping

d. Don't involve too many users in scope management.

Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on IT projects? a. keep the scope realistic b. use off the shelf hardware and software whenever possible c. follow good project mgmt processes d. dont involve too many users in scope mgmt

c. a unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS

Which of the following is recommended for the creation of a good WBS? a.Any WBS item should be the responsibility of all the people working on it. b.Each WBS item should be created assuming that the requirements are inflexible. c. A unit of work should appear at only one place in the WBS. d. The work content of a WBS item is independent of the WBS items below it.

outputs of plan scope management

scope mgmt plan, requirements mgmt plan

requirements traceability matrix (RTM)

A table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed

main tools for defining scope

-expert judgment -product analysis -alternatives generation -facilitated workshops

benchmarking

-generating ideas by comparing specific project practices or product characterisitics to those of other projects or products inside or outside the performing org -can be used to collect requirements

requirements mgmt plan

-how to plan, track, and report requirements activities -how to perform configuration mgmt activities -how to prioritize requirements -how to use product metrics -how to trace and capture attributes of requirements

top down approach

-most common -starts with the largest items of the project and break them into subordinate items

decomposition

-subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces -main tool or techinique for WBS

-planning scope management -collecting requirements -defining scope -creating WBS -validating scope -controlling scope

6 main processes involved in project scope managmement

b. WBS

A ____ is a deliverable oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines its total scope. a. scope statement b. WBS c. WBS dictionary d. work package

work breakdown structure (WBS)

A deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines its total scope

WBS dictionary

A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the work breakdown structure.

true

T/F Many organizations provide different guidelines and templates for developing WBSs.

True

T/F The scope management plan can be informal and broad or formal and detailed, based on the needs of the project.

True

T/F Information from the project charter provides a basis for further defining the project scope.

true

T/F Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format.

True

T/F Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project.

False

T/F Project scope statements must include the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions.

true

T/F Scope creep if not managed well can lead to the failure of information technology projects.

True

T/F The project scope statement, stakeholder requirements documentation, and organizational process assets are the primary inputs for creating a WBS.

False

T/F The project's size, complexity, importance, and other factors do not affect how much effort is spent on collecting requirements for scope planning.

False

T/F The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start.

a. top down

The _____ approach for constructing a WBS involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail. a. top-down b. mind mapping c. bottom-up d. analogy

c. top down

The _____ approach for constructing a WBS starts with the largest items of the project and breaks them into subordinate items. a. mind mapping b. bottom-up c. top-down d. analogy

b. mind mapping

The _____ technique for creating a WBS uses branches radiating from a core idea to structure thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks. a. analogy b. mind mapping c. top-down d. bottom-up

work package

a task at the lowest level of the WBS

outputs of validate scope

accepted deliverables, change requests, work performance information, project documents updates

c. 2

assuming that you have a project with major categories called planning, analysis, design, and testing. what level of the WBS would these items fall under? a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3

requirements

conditions or capabilities that must be met by the project or present in the product, service, or result to satisfy an agreement or other formally imposed specification

controlling scope

controlling changes to project scope throughout the life of the project

-elicitation -analysis -specification -validation

divide requirements into 4 stages

requirements mgmt plan

documents how project requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed

validating scope

formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables

level 2 items

main tasks in the project

c. WBS

project mgmt software helps you develop a ____, which serves as a basis for creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs a. project plan b. schedule c. WBS d. deliverable

-benchmarking -interviews -focus groups -surveys -observaation

ways to collect requirements

-using guidelines -analogy approach -top down approach -bottom up approach -mind mapping

ways to develop wbs (5)

collecting requirements

what is the most difficult step in project scope mgmt

analogy approach

when you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point

work package level

where are the estimates of work time entered

d. Only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis

which of the following is not a suggestion for improving user input? a. develop a good project selection process for IT projects b. have users on the project team c. co-locate users with developers d. only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis

a. interviews

which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time consuming? a. interviews b. focus groups c. surveys d. observation

collecting requirements

Involves defining and documenting the features and functions of the products for the project as well as the processes used for creating them.

b. the top down or bottom up approach

Mind mapping can be used for developing WBSs using a. any approach b. the top-down or bottom-up approach c. the analogy approach only d. the bottom-up or analogy approach

b. decomposition

The main technique used in creating a WBS is _____, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces. a. conglomeration b. decomposition c. catalyzation d. accumulation

scope creep

The tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger

a. deliverable

The term ______ describes a product produced as part of a project. a. deliverable b. scope c. variance d. work package

d. defining scope

_____ involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved. a. Controlling scope b. Validating scope c. Creating scope d. Defining scope

c. scope

_____ refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them. a. deliverables b. milestones c. scope d. product development

b. prototyping

_____ refers to the process of developing a working replica of the system or some aspect of the system. a. Decomposition b. Prototyping c. Variance d. Use case modeling

scope baseline

includes the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary

project scope management

includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what work is or is not included in a project

planning scope

involves determining how the project's scope and requirements will be managed

scope validation

involves formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables

defining scope

involves reviewing the scope management plan, project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved.

creating the WBS

involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components.

scope

refers to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to create them

b. validation

scope ____ is often achieved by a customer inspection and then sign off on key deliverables a. acceptance b. validation c. completion d. close out

outputs of create WBS

scope baseline, project document updates

c. the scope was too much to handle

why did mcdonalds terminate a large project after spending $170 million on it? a. the company found a better technology b. the company decided to outsource the work c. the scope was too much to handle d. the government requirement that prompted the project was repealed

outputs of control scope

work performance information, change requests, project mgmt plan updates, project document updates, organizational process assets updates