One-Sided vs. Two-Sided Messages

Two sided messages

-Although a speaker will show that they favor a certain position, he/she will also acknowledge the competitor or opposing viewpoint. -Usually the speaker will begin their persuasive speech by speaking in favor about the issue in which they hope to persuade. -Later they will discuss opposing viewpoints or counterarguments. -This is usually followed by a refutation of said opposing viewpoints or counterarguments. -Can also be nonrefutational.

One sided messages

-Solely presents one side of an argument, product, or issue. -Does not mention negative qualities, problems, or counterarguments on the given subject. -Usually works favorably for an audience who is already in favor of the message sender's subject.

What is the difference between one-sided and two sided messages?

.One-sided messages: "A message that presents only those arguments in favor of a particular position." .Two-sided messages: "A message that that presents the arguments in favor of a proposition but also considers the opposing arguments."

Theories Associated with Message-Sidedness

Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) -Discounting Hypothesis (DH) -Conclusion

Early Experimentation

Hovland, Lumsdaine, and Sheffield (1949) -Mike Allen and the "Meta-Analysis Comparing the Persuasiveness of One-Sided and Two-Sided Messages -"The results demonstrate that a two-sided message with refutation is more persuasive than a one-sided message while a one-sided message is more persuasive than a two-sided message without refutation." -Dr. Mike Allen