Online Quiz Exam 3

What defines people who continue to receive erotic satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects and by arranging them in an excessively neat and orderly fashion?

Anal character

Freud hypothesized that people who grow into anal characters, develop anal eroticism which then transforms in to the ______ ______ of orderliness, stinginess, and obstinacy that typifies and adult anal character.

Anal triad

According to Erikson, during the second year of life, children's primary psychosexual adjustment is the _______ mode.

Anal-urethral-muscular

Freud defined _______ as a felt, effective, unpleasant state accompanied by a physical sensation that warms the person against impending danger.

Anxiety

_______ also is involved in dream formation, as when the dreamer's destructive urges toward a parent are placed onto a dog or wolf.

Displacement

_______ means that the dream image is replaced by some other idea only remotely related to it.

Displacement

Freud used _____ to transform the manifest content of dreams to the more important latent content.

Dream analysis

As an internal stimulus, _______ differ from external stimuli in that they cannot be avoided through flight.

Drives

Identify a characteristic of the superego.

Ignorant of the practicability of its requirements.

Identify a characteristic of the id?

Illogical

Freud believed that from the 4th or 5th year until puberty, both boys and girls usually go through a period of dominant psychosexual development, known as the _____.

Latency stage

In the context of the headings under which the drives are grouped, Freud used the word _______ to represent energy from the sex drive.

Libido

In the context of the sexual drive, Freud believed that the entire body is invested with ________.

Libido

Erikson defined _______ as mature devotion that overcomes basic differences between man and woman.

Love

_______ becomes a perversion when Eros becomes subservient to the destructive aim.

Masochism

After children establish a superego-usually by the age of 5 or 6-they experience _______ anxiety as an outgrowth of the conflict between realistic needs and the dictates of their superego.

Moral

The superego is guided by ________ and ________ principles.

Moralistic; idealistic

_______ anxiety is defined as apprehension about an unknown danger.

Neurotic

_______ refers to the need for sexual pleasure by inflicting pain or humiliation on another person.

Sadism

According to Freud, _______ can take many forms, including narcissism, love, sadism and masochism.

Sex

According to Freud, the _______ drive can take either an active or passive form, or it can be temporarily or permanently inhibited.

Sexual

According to Erikson, early childhood is a time for _______.

Shame and Doubt

_______ is the repression of the genital aim of Eros by substituting a cultural or social aim.

Sublimation

According to Freud, the _______ is that province of the mind which strives blindly and unrealistically toward perfection.

Superego

_______ also refers to faith in one's ideology.

Fidelity

A defense mechanism that arises when psychic energy is blocked at one stage of development, thus making change or psychological growth difficult, is known as _______.

Fixation

The method in which patients are required to verbalize every though that comes to their mind, no matter how irrelevant or repugnant it may appear is known as _____.

Free association

According to Erikson, in every stage of life there is a conflict between a _______ (harmonious) element and a _______ (disruptive) element.

syntonic; dystonic

A stage attained after a person has passed through the earlier development periods in an ideal manner is known as _____.

A period of psychological maturity

According to Erikson, _______refers to the time when people begin to take their place in society and assume responsibility for whatever society produces.

Adulthood

When overt sexual love for members of one's family is repressed, a second type of love comes into existence. Freud called this love _______.

Aim-inhibited

According to Erikson, the conflict between the dystonic and syntonic elements produces an ego quality or ego strength which is referred to as a(n) _______.

Basic Strength

According to Erikson, if infants learn that their mother will provide food regularly, then they will begin to learn _______.

Basic trust

Erikson defined _______ as a widening commitment to take care of the persons, the products, and the ideas one has learned to care for.

Care

In a male child, a condition accompanies the Oedipus complex in which he develops the fear of losing his sex organ. This condition is known as _______.

Castration anxiety

The ________ results from experiencing with punishments for improper behavior and tells people what they should not do.

Conscience

________ can be defined as those mental elements in awareness at any given point in time.

Consciousness

Erikson believed that too little basic strength at any one stage results in a(n) ______ for that stage.

Core pathology

According to Erikson, _______ literally means to be without hope.

Despair

Role repudiation can take the form of _______ , which is an extreme lack of self-trust or self-confidence and is expressed as shyness or hesitancy to express oneself.

Diffidence

The period in which children receive satisfaction by destroying or losing objects is known as the _______ period.

Early anal

The ________, or I, is the only region of the mind in contact with reality.

Ego

The ________ develops from experiences with rewards for proper behavior and tells people what they should do.

Ego-ideal

Freud objected to the term _______ complex, sometimes used by others when referring to the female Oedipus complex, because it suggests a direct parallel between male and female development during the phallic stage.

Electra

True or False: A criticism of Freud's psychoanalytic theory is that it only uses operationally defined terms.

False

True or false: The ultimate aim of the sexual drive is changeable and the path by which the aim is achieved remains constant.

False

_________ is the chief psychosexual accomplishment of young adulthood and exists only in an intimate relationship

Genitality

According to Erikson, the consequence of taboo and inhibited goals in children such as marrying their mother or father or leaving home is known as _______.

Guilt

The source of conscious elements from within the mental structure.

Includes non-threatening ideas from preconscious as well as menacing but well-disguised images from unconscious.

To Erikson, infancy is a time of _______, with infants "taking in" not only through their mouth but through their various sense organs as well.

Incorporation

_______, a syntonic quality, means industriousness, a willingness to remain busy with something and to finish a job.

Industry

Erikson believed that in every stage of life there is a(n)

Interaction of opposites

_______ is a defense mechanism whereby people incorporate positive qualities of another person into their own ego.

Introjection

In the context of the defense mechanisms identified by Freud, what is a true statement about reactive behavior?

It can be identified by its exaggerated character and by its obsessive and compulsive form.

According to Freud, which is true of a drive?

Its source is the region of the body in a state of excitation or tension; Its aim is to seek pleasure by removing an excitation or reducing a tension.

According to Freud, the phase in which children take a friendly interest toward their faces, an interest that stems from the erotic pleasure of defecating is known as the _____.

Late anal period

Erikson agreed with Freud that school age is a period of psychosexual _______.

Latency

Unlike Jung, Freud's notion of phylogenetic endowment relied on the _______ as a last resort.

Notion of inherited dispositions.

According to Freud, a drive's _______ is the person or thing that serves as the means through which an aim is satisfied.

Object

As ego develops, children usually give up their primary narcissism, according to Freud, their narcissism, libido then transforms into _______.

Object libido

Erikson defined _______ as the period from about age 60 to the end of life.

Old age

In the ________ phase, infants gain pleasure through the act of sucking.

Oral

According to Freud, the emergence of teeth in infants aids their defense against the environment in the second oral phase, known as the _______ phase.

Oral-sadistic

According to Erikson, infancy is expressed in the term _______, a phrase that includes infants' principal psychosexual mode of adapting.

Oral-sensory

James Strachey, one of Freud's translators, invented the term _______ to refer to what many people now simply call "Freudian slips"

Parapraxes

When pre-Oedipal girls discover that boys possess different genital equipment and also apparently have something extra, they become jealous and desire to have a male sexual organ. This can be referred to as______ ______.

Penis envy

According to Freud, the ______ phase is a time when the genital area becomes the leading erogenous zone.

Phallic

The _____ stage is marked by a dichotomy in psychological gender development, a distinction that Freud believed to be due to the anatomical differences between the sexes.

Phallic

Erikson's third stage of development is the _______.

Play age

According to Freud, what principle is served by the id?

Pleasure principle

According to Freud, the _________ level of the mind contains all those elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty.

Preconscious

The condition in which infants are primarily self-centered, with their libido invested almost exclusively on their own ego is known as _______.

Primary narcissism

_______ includes assuming responsibility for the care of offspring that result from that sexual contact

Procreativity

_______ is defined as seeing in others unacceptable feelings or tendencies that actually reside in one's own unconscious.

Projection

According to Freud, what creates feelings of anxiety and the anxiety in turn stimulates repression?

Punishment and suppression

One of the ways in which in a repressed impulse may become conscious is through adopting a disguise that is directly opposite its original form. This defense mechanism is called a _______.

Reaction formation

_______ anxiety is closely related to fear.

Realistic

_______ anxiety is defined as an unpleasant, nonspecific feeling involving a possible danger.

Realistic

_______ anxiety is defined as an unpleasant, nonspecific, feeling involving a possible danger.

Realistic

The ego is governed by the _________ principle, which it tries to substitute for the pleasure principle of the id.

Reality

In the context of the defense mechanisms as identified by Freud, the most basic is _______ because it is involved in each of the others.

Repression

Regressive behavior is similar to fixated behavior in that it is _______.

Rigid and infantile

The pathological counterpart of fidelity is _______.

Role repudiation

Erikson saw adolescence as a period of _______.

Social latency

Freud defined _______ as the condition of rivalry toward the father and incestuous feelings toward the mother.

The Oedipus complex

According to Freud, a drive's impetus is _______.

The amount of force it exerts

According to Freud, what is a true statement about parapraxes or unconscious slips.

The arise from the concurrent actions of 2 different intentions.

In the context of Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which statements are true about the theory?

The theory is neither parsimonious nor needlessly cumbersome; The theory has the ability to generate research despite the fact that it is difficult to test Freud's assumptions; They theory has moderate ability to organize knowledge into a meaningful framework.

The term _____ refers to the strong sexual or aggressive feelings, positive or negative, that patients develop toward their analyst during the course of treatment.

Transference

True or false: The aim of the destructive drive, according to Freud, is to return an organism to an inorganic state.

True

Erikson believed that from the antithesis between _______ and _______ emerges hope, an ego quality that allows an infant to move into the next stage.

Trust; Mistrust

The _______ contains all those drives, urges, or instincts that are beyond people's awareness but that nevertheless motivate most of their words, feelings and actions.

Unconscious

The primary goal of Freud's later psychoanalytic therapy was to _____ through free association and dream analysis.

Uncover repressed memories

A true statement of the id is that it is ________

Unrealistic and unorganized

As infants grow older, they are more likely to experience feelings of frustration and anxiety as a result of scheduled feedings, increased time lapses between feedings and eventual _______.

Weaning

The source of conscious elements called the perceptual conscious system.

What is perceived through sense organs, if not too threatening, enters into consciousness.

Erikson defined _______ as an informed and detached concern with life itself in the face of death itself.

Wisdom

The basic assumption of Freud's dream analysis is that nearly all dreams are______.

Wish fulfillments

According to Erikson, _______ is a time from about 19-30.

Young adulthood

Freud believed that a portion of the unconscious originates from the experiences of people's early ancestors that have been passed on through hundreds of generations of repetition. He called these inherited unconscious images people's __________ __________.

phylogenetic endowment