OPSM Week 6

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the Number of Workstations?

1. To calculate the desired cycle time must be known 2. The number of workstations is a function of the desired output rate. 3. If the maximum cycle time is used, the number of workstations is 1.

A layout in the context of operations is best defined as which of the following?

A schematic diagram with configuration of work centers and equipment showing movement of work through the system.

Select the best definition of line balancing in the context of product layouts.

Assigning tasks to workstations so all have approximately equal processing times to achieve a synchronized flow on the line.

What parallel operations management activity is performed concurrently with process selection, the decisions for which are strategic, long-lasting and difficult to change after implementation?

Capacity planning

Lean design is often translated into practice using what type of layouts?

Cellular

In designing service layouts the two key factors are which of the following?

Degree of customer contact and degree of customization

A manager wants to know the range of output in UNITS PER DAY for a given product given the individual task times. How does she calculate the range?

Divide operating time per day by the cycle time--- first maximum cycle time, then minimum cycle time.

Adopting new process technology can have downsides as well as upsides. When weighing the benefits and risks, what are three broad areas of consideration?

Economic, Integration, and Human.

Efficiency in line balancing can best be described by which of the following statements?

Efficiency = 100% - Percent idle time

What are the outputs to process selectio and capacity planning?

Facilities/equipment, layout, work design

For landscaping a home, which layout type would be used?

Fixed-position layout

All of the following are advantages of product layouts except which one?

Flexibility in volume and design changes

Choose the words below which best describes the work in batch processing?

Intermittent

All the following are obstacles to line balancing except which?

More than one worker cannot be assigned to a given workstation.

Supermarkets generally use which of the following layout types?

Process (Functional) layout

Which of the following statements about Layouts is correct?

Process layouts are suited for Job Shop and Batch process types

Which of the following statements about process technology is NOT true?

Process technology refers to organization in question and does not apply to the supply chain.

All of the following terms are associated with Process layouts except which one?

Repetitive processing

What is the definition of a Fixed-position layout?

The item being worked on remains stationary and workers, materials and equipment move as needed.

Why are the adjacency ratings between the various department/work centers important i process layout design?

They determine department locations, which directly impact transportation cost of material, information, and/ore customer through the process.

Which statement best describes the main objective in designing product layouts?

To arrange workers and machines in the sequence that the operations will be performed

Each of the following items would drive the need for layout planning except which one?

Unspent annual budget at the end of the year

Which of the descriptions below do NOT apply to Cellular layouts?

Useful in Repetitive processes

The three primary questions which guide the process selection concern.

Variety, Flexibility, and Volume

Which of the following is NOT among economic considerations of process technology.

Worker safety

A measure of effectiveness that measures the percentage of idle time of the line is known as ________.

balance delay

A Job Shop Process type is chosen when a ______ volume of high-variety goods are produced with a relatively high degree of flexibility in operation.

low

The advantages of the repetitive/assembly process type are the ____________ unit cost and its efficiency for high volume operations.

low

The disadvantages of the job shop process type are the high unit cost, relative __________ of production time, and complex planning and scheduling required.

slowness

What are some other external factors which might influence process layout design?

1. Ability to design a safe environment for employees and customers. 2. size and location of restrooms 3. noise levels at the various locations

Which of the following statments about Fixed-position layouts is/are correct?

1. Administrative costs of coordinating activities can be significant. 2. Lack of storage space can present problems 3. Used for Project process type, such as construction projects.

Sometimes a small percentage of Idle time is better than a perfectly balanced assembly line, i.e., zero idle time. Why might this be the case?

1. Allows some margin for new workers not yet " up to speed" 2. Variability in worker task completion times 3. Absenteeism and worker fatigue boredom

Put the steps of line balancing in rank order with 1 being the first and 4 being the last step.

1. Assign tasks one at a time to the line, starting at the first workstation 2. Calculate which tasks will fit the workstation being loaded. 3. Apply heuristic rules if multiple tasks are possible. 4. Use the tie-breaker rule if necessary.

Put the steps of line alancing in rank order with 1 being the first and 4 being the last step.

1. Assign tasks one at a time to the line, starting at the first workstation. 2. Calculate which tasks will fit the workstation being loaded 3. Apply heuristic rules if multiple tasks are possible 4. Use the tie-breaker rule if necessary

Choose the words below which best describe the work in a project.

1. Complexity varies 2. Unique Work

Which of the following statments about cycle time is/are correct?

1. Cycle time is a determinant of the number of workstations. 2. Maximum cycle time is sum of all task times. 3. Cycle time is the maximum time allowed at each workstation before the work moves on.

Which of the following are examples of Information Technology used in operations? Select all

1. E-commerce, email and the internet 2. Bar codes and radio frequency tags on goods for identification and tracking

What do businesses consider when implementing sustainable production?

1. Energy use, efficiency, and waste reduction 2. Carbon footprint and toxic emissions 3. Worker health and safety

Which of the following statements about the disadvantages of process layouts is/are correct?

1. Equipment utilization rates are low 2. Routing and scheduling operations pose continual challenges. 3. Material handling is slow and inefficient.

Rank on the different types of automation technology in terms of ease of making changes to it once implemented, with 1 being the easiest to change.

1. Flexible 2. Programmable 3. Fixed

When does process selection need to be done or re-evaluated?

1. For new product introduction 2. when technology changes 3. In response to competition

Before tasks are assigned to workstations what must be known?

1. Heuristic Rules 2. Cycle time 3. Task Order of Precedence

Select all correct statements regarding Muther Grids for designing process layouts.

1. Includes a rating for undesirable adjacency 2. Can include a subordinate rating of 1-6 for notations regarding the basis of primary rating 3. Ranks the importance of the closeness of the one department to another 4. reads like a mileage chart between cities

Which of the below statements about the disadvantages of product layouts are correct?

1. Inflexible systems respond poorly to changes in volume or product design. 2. Division of labor creates dull, repetitive jobs

Consider an automatic car wash with an unbalanced line. What are the obstacles to balancing?

1. It may not make sense to subdivide rinsing 2. Scrubbing and Drying cannot be bundled out of sequence

What are the five different process types?

1. Job shop 2. project 3. batch 4. continuous 5. repetitive

Which of the following factors are requirements for process layout design?

1. List of departments/work centers and their sizes 2. Projection of the work flow through the system 3. Key considerations such as adjacency needs between the departments 4. Location of key utilities in the facility

What are the various building factors which may influence process layout design?

1. Location of entrance, exit and docks 2. Type of flooring 3. Availability of windows for either desired light or darkness.

Which of the following statements about the effectiveness of process layouts are correct?

1. Material-oriented systems necessitate the use of variable-path material-handling equipment to move materials from work center to work center. 2. An advantage of process layouts is their ability to satisfy a variety of processing requirements.

Other alternative approaches to line balancing which remedy bottlenecks and excess idle time include which of the following?

1. Mixed-model lines 2. Cross-training workers 3. Parallel workstations

Choose the words below which best describes the work in continuous processing?

1. No variety 2. Non-discrete output

Choose the word below which best describe the work in continuous processing.

1. Non-discrete output 2. No variety

Which of the following statements is/are correct about Output Rate?

1. Output rate must be calculated to find the range (min and max) of output possible for a given product. 2. The operations manager can request a desired output rate based upon projected demand. 3. Output rate is a function of Operating time and cycle time

Which of the following statements about Cellular layouts is/are correct?

1. Physical layout can be U-shaped 2. Improves flow in Batch process type 3. Groups work as teams with limited supervision

Which of the following statement about process selection is/are correct?

1. Process selection can involve a substantial investment in equipment. 2. Mismatches between operations capabilities and market demand can negatively impact competitiveness.

Which of the following tend to have low or very low variable costs?

1. Repetitive 2. Continuous

Which of the following statements about designing process layouts is/are correct?

1. Some large organizations with multiple locations will use a standard design. 2. Some departments need to be close to each other while others need to be far away. 3. Challenging process layout design concern customization factors.

Choose the words below which best describes the work in Repetitive processing.

1. Standardized goods or services 2. Technology-intensive 3. Assembly line

Which of the following statements is/are correct about Number Workstations?

1. The number of workstations is a function of the desired output rate. 2. To calculate, the desired cycle time must be known. 3. If the maximum cycle time is used, the number of workstations is 1.

Which of the following statements are true about Line Balancing?

1. The tasks times added at a given workstaton cannot exceed the cycle time. 2. The precedence diagram is read from left to right when assigning tasks. 3. Not every line can be perfectly balanced- usually there is some idle time.

Which of the following statements about process (Functional) layouts is/are correct?

1. equipment is arranged by type rather than by processing sequence 2. Process layouts are common in Service environments 3. Process layouts often use higher skilled labor than Product layouts do

Which of the following statements is correct about the disadvantages or risks of automation in production?

Automation is ocstly and is usually selected for high-demand, mature, standardized products

Which of the following statements is correct about the advantages of automation technology in production.

Automation leads to low variability and generally higher quality with standardized processing.

A muther grid may be more useful than from-to charts for assigning department locations because of which of the following?

Covers multiple dimensions of adjacency and ranks the importance of closeness.

All of the following terms are associated with product layouts except which one:?

Customization

Flexible processing systems are needed when which of the following conditions are present?

Demand variety or uncertainty

a manufacturing engineer would like to calculate the theoretical minimum number of workstations to set up for a product line. How is the number of workstations determined?

Divide the Sum all task times by the cycle time (Et/CT)

Which of the following statements is true about flexible production systems?

Flexible systems are often more costly and less efficient than non-flexible systems.

In service layout design, if customer contact and customization are both high, the process type and layout type are which of the following?

Job Shop/Functional Layout

All of the following statements about from-to charts are correct except which?

Low values between departments usually signify high adjacency needs.

A cafeteria line uses which type of service layout?

Product layout

Products and services often go through life cycles that begin with _______ volume, which _________ as products or services become better known.

low, increases

High volume output is associated with product layouts because which of the following reasons?

machinery is usually very expensive

A batch process type is selected when a _______ volume and _______ variety of goods or services is planned.

moderate/ moderate

A Project process type is unlike the other four types in that is for work that is ________ with a unique set of objectives to be accomplished in a __________ time frame.

nonroutine/limited

_______layouts and ________ layouts represent two ends of a continuum from small jobs to continuous production.

process, product

Job shop and batch processing may mean that suppliers have to be able to deal with _____ order quantities and ______ of orders.

varying, timing