Oral Communications - Chapter 2

Which of the following statements best describe how culture influences communication?

A person may not be aware that culture is influencing his or her own communication; Everyone has cultural traits and biases that affect communication

Baseball, apple pie, and the bald eagle are all symbols of ___ culture

American

Which of the following have highly individualistic cultures?

Canada Australia Great Britain

What are the three most commonly spoken languages in the world today?

Chinese English Spanish

T/F: Most cultures cultivate the goals and achievements of individuals and groups equally

False

Gunther worked for an international manufacturing company. Which of the following best explains what happened?

Gunther was guilty of the similarity assumption

Which of the following statements about people with different cultural backgrounds are true?

In many cases they think differently They tend to communicate differently

Which of the following statements about mindfulness are true?

It is required to communicate effectively with people from other cultures

Which of the following statements about jargon are correct?

Jargon may not be understood by persons outside the co-culture that uses it; Jargon is intedned for understanding by people within a giving co-culture; Jargon is language with a technical meaning

Which of the following countries have collectivist cultures?

Korea Japan

Which of the following statements about the issue of immigration are true?

Most citizens consider immigrants to be out-groups The US has relatively lenient policies to allow immigrants to eventually become citizens

Which of the following statements is true concerning relationships in a high-power-distance culture?

People feel pressure to choose friends and mates from within their own class.

Which of the following are true in a collectivistic culture?

People learn that they have primary responsibility to their employers; family; communities

Which of the following statements about gestures are true?

They are usually movements of the hand or arm; they are used to express ideas

In what type of culture do people tend to value nurturing behavior, quality of life, and service to others?

a highly feminine culture

Which characteristic of jargon help members of a co-culture communicate?

accurate efficient specific

To _____ is to change your behavior to accommodate what others are doing.

adapt

Believing that _____ is characteristic of low-power-distance cultures.

all men and women are equal

When a communicator uses and adapting behavior to follow a conversational partner's behavior, the adapting behavior is most likely to be effective when it does which of the following?

avoids being exaggerated demonstrates interest in the partner

Which of the following is a value of individualistic cultures?

being oneself

Which of the following help people communicate with cultural awareness?

being open minded being able to adapt to others knowing different communication codes

Communicating with cultural awareness requires

being open-minded about cultural differences

How did the ability to distinguish between people who are similar and different probably help early humans survive?

by helping them to find people with priorities and goals similar to their own

Which of the following is a basic way in which studying communication and learning about the influences of culture can make us mindful communicators

by questioning our cultural assumptions

Knowledge about how idioms, jargon, and gestures differ from society to society

can help you improve the effectiveness of intercultural commuication

Ambiguity is defined as a lack of

certainty

The name for a group of people who share values, customs, and norms related to mutual interests, not nationality, is

co-culture

People who enjoy comic books, fly fishing, or participate in shared activities or beliefs form a(n)

co-culture within a larger culture

You can identify with several ______ at once based on various combinations of values, customs, norms, and mutual interests that exist within them.

co-cultures

Conflicts are handled indirectly to preserve social harmony in ____ cultures

collectivistic

Which of the following refers to verbal and nonverbal behaviors whose meanings are often understood only by people from the same culture

communication codes

Which of the following is one of the six cultural differences identified by Hofstede and Hall that influences how people communicate with each other

communicative context

The difference between masculine and femine cultures is the degree to which a culture

differentiates sex-specific roles

High and low context cultures differ in the

directness of their language

According to Hofstede and Hall, which of the following are cultural differences that influence how people communicate with each other?

emphasis placed on individuals vs groups uncertainty aviodance view about masculinity and feminity power distances

Which of the following specifically refers to the perception of an individual's ancestry or heritage

ethnicity

The tendency to judge the practices of other cultures as inferior to one's own is called

ethnocentrism

Understanding that being different does not make another culture wrong is one way to resist

ethnocentrism

Movements of the hands and arms that accompany speech to express ideas are generally referred to as

gestures

Noticing similarities and differences between yourself and others helps you identify which of the following

groups that you belong to groups that you are separate from

When people from low and high context cultures communicate with each other, the potential for misunderstanding us

high

People rely on subtle cues, such as nonverbal behaviors, facial expressions, and the communicative context, to convey meaning in a(n) _____ culture

high-context

In what type of culture do people speak in a less-direct way?

high-context culture

A culture that believes that political power should be concentrated in a royal family or a ruling political party is called a(n) _____ culture

high-power distance

In what type of society do individuals learn to obey and respect parents and teachers without questions?

high-power-distance

In a(n) ______ culture, people tend not to value ambition, achievement, acquisition of material goods, or assigned gender-specific roles.

highly feminine

A phrase whose meaning is purely figurative is an

idiom

Groups in which you identify

in-groups

If you live in a(n) ______ culture, you are expected to express conflicts and work toward resolving them.

individualistic

Which of the following are types of communication codes that tend to differ significantly from society to society

jargon gestures idioms

Systems of written and spoken communication are known as

language

Which of the following would be valued in collectivistic cultures

low comfort level with public speaking blending in

People are expected to be direct and to the point in a ____ culture

low-context

Being taught to question authority is characteristic of a(n) culture

low-power-distance

Being aware of how behaviors and ways of thinking between cultures is called

mindfulness

A _____ orientation toward time treats time as a valuable commodity, as in "Time is money"

monochronic

Viewing time as a commodity is characteristic of a ____ culture

monochronic culture

Statues as a citizen of a particular country is referred to as

nationality

The common components of cultures are symbols, languages, values, and

norms

The rules or expectations that guide people's behavior in a culture are known as

norms

People you have deleted from your Facebook "Friends" list represent a(n)

out-groups

Culture may be associated with any of the following, but it is specifically a property of

people

Cultures with a ____ orientation to time, such as Latin Americans countries, view time as fluid and less structured

polychronic

What type of orientation to time conceives of time as holistic and fluid?

polychronic

Your co-cultures is not based on:

shared nationality

Groups of people who share a culture with one another are called

societies

Nationality refers to which of the following?

status as a citizen of a particular country

Which of the following are ways to be open-minded about cultural differences?

striving to become aware of how your culture is different from another culture avoiding the urge to judge differences in a negative light

Which of the following are cultural norms for politeness in the United States?

that you will shake hands when you first meet; say "thank you" after receiving a gift or compliment

The cultural gap between societies that do and do not have regular internet access is known as

the digital divide

Culture is learned primarily from which of the following?

the persons who raised you

The difference between monochronic and polychronic cultures is how people view

time

In an individualistic culture people believe their primary responsibility is

to themselves

T/F: Culture can affect the way people communicate even without their recognizing it.

true

T/F: Differences including view about masculinity and femininity, power distance, and orientation toward time, influence how people from different cultures communicate with one another

true

The tendency to avoid unfamiliar and uncomfortable situations is known as ____ avoidance

uncertainty

People are open to new situations and more tolerant of other people and ideas that are different from their own in ____ cultures

uncertainty-accepting

Cultures with high _____ include people who are uncomfortable with differences of opinion.

uncertainty-avoidance

Culturally aware communicators know when they need to code-switch, or shift between

using jargon and plain language

A culture judges goodness, desirability, or beauty through

values

Members of the co-culture of veganism, which promotes diets free of animal products, share specific _____ that are related to the preservation of animal life

values

Which of the following are often adopted by co-cultures to distinguish their members from outsiders?

values norms language

Societies are made up of people who necessarily share which of the following in common?

values norms symbols

Ambiguity is part of intercultural communication, and it offers a chance to learn which of the following about a different culture?

values traditions

Which of the following are shared components of a given culture?

values symbols language

Which of the following is not an element needed for communicating with cultural awareness?

visiting another country