Org practice questions exam 2

According to Bennis, a leader maintains while a manager develops. True False

False

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, when a need is not satisfied it is set aside and other needs are focused on. True False

False

All employees welcome the redesign of their work. True False

False

Another term for the Pygmalion effect is self-fulfilling prophecy. True False

True

When you compliment someone, you engage in ingratiation. True False

True

One study on decision-making reported that decisions that used participation to foster implementation succeeded more than ______ of the time. a. 80% b. 70% c. 50% d. 90%

a. 80%

Tran is interested in incorporating research-based recommendations on how to use monetary rewards effectively. Which of the following is an implementation guideline for the principle of "make rewards contingent on performance?" a. Ensure pay levels vary significantly based on performance levels. b. Distribute fake currencies or reward points that can later be traded for cash, goods, or services. c. Only promise rewards that are available. d. Specify what employees are expected to do, as well as what they should refrain from doing.

a. Ensure pay levels vary significantly based on performance levels.

Edgar needs his goals for his department to follow a strict timeline. Which of the following is a good example of what he should ask? a. When do we need to attain this goal? b. Are there larger goals I can set? c. How much will this cost? d. How accurately can we reach the goal?

a. When do we need to attain this goal?

A technique likely to be used with peers or bosses because there is "strength in numbers" is known as ______. a. coalition b. legitimating c. inspirational appeals d. exchange

a. coalition

Alexandra is paid every 2 weeks by her employer. This type of reinforcement schedule could be referred to as ______. a. fixed-interval b. fixed-ratio c. variable-interval d. variable-ratio

a. fixed-interval

Kareem has cross-trained his employees in other areas and allowed them to do different jobs. Which of the following describes what Kareem has done? a. job rotation b. job enrichment c. horizontal loading d. vertical loading

a. job rotation

Lori-Ann's team works very effectively together. They always seem to anticipate what other group members expect from them, are very coordinated, and have excellent communication. Of the following, team ______ best describes what led to their excellent processing and performance? a. mental models b. planning c. leadership d. environment

a. mental models

Team ______ are team members' shared, organized understanding and mental representation of knowledge about key elements of the team's relevant environment. a. mental models b. charters c. performance curves d. norms

a. mental models

Griffin performs the duties of his job but does not go above and beyond what is required. He is likely a part of which of his leader's groups? a. out-group b. in-group c. control group d. discipline group

a. out-group

An individual's subjective appraisal of the extent to which the work environment is characterized as self-serving of various individuals and groups to the detriment or at the cost of other individuals or groups is called ______. a. perceptions of organizational politics b. gerrymandering c. corrosive political climate d. organizational politics

a. perceptions or organizational politics

One's ______ and image may be enhanced through the five strategies of feedback seeking. a. self-perception b. temperament c. timing d. target

a. self-perception

Of the following, ______ leadership theories emphasize adaptability of the leader to change their behavior depending on the follower's ability to perform a specific task. a. situational b. transactional c. authentic d. humble

a. situational

People belong to different groups (e.g., a student can also be a coworker, a friend, and a member of a church), and these categorizations comprise their ______. a. social identity b. implicit norms c. team mental model d. explicit norms

a. social identity

Chan is interested in how the five-stage development model for teams works. When anticipating the sort of progress the group will make, she should understand which of the following about the model? a. Teams may regress to a previous stage. b. Teams will only adjourn at the end. c. Teams always follow the typical stages of development. d. Teams move smoothly through each of the stages in linear order.

a. teams may regress to a previous stage

Which of the following is a reward that is perceived as useful feedback in self-determination theory? a. competence b. informational c. motivation d. communicator

b. informational

"I'm asking you to file the invoices because that is in your job description." This statement is an example of which of the following tactics? a. personal appeals b. legitimating c. inspirational appeals d. exchange

b. legitimating

A psychology researcher instructs his assistants to focus only on observable behavior. He then instructs them how to reward and punish pigeons in order to manipulate behavior. Which of the following concepts is influencing the researcher? a. enforcement theory b. operant conditioning c. classical conditioning d. stimulus theory

b. operant conditioning

Which of the following concepts relates to how pay rates differ across individuals? a. pay inequity b. pay dispersion c. pay perception d. pay priority

b. pay dispersion

Which of the following can lead a work group to become a real team? a. a strong goal b. performance challenge c. individualized accountability d. segregated effort

b. performance challenge

Kyrie is a security guard and he does not feel safe from dangers in his work environment. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need will most motivate his behavior at work? a. physiological b. safety c. esteem d. self-actualization

b. safety

The ability to accurately interpret the behavior of others through attentive observation is ______. a. networking ability b. social astuteness c. interpersonal influence d. apparent sincerity

b. social asuteness

Which core job characteristic is job rotation likely to increase? a. skill identity b. task identity c. autonomy d. task expansion

b. task identity

The value of goals or outcomes is called ______. a. expectancy b. valence c. self-efficacy d. instrumentality

b. valence

Political skills comprises ______ sets of behaviors. a. 8 b. 6 c. 4 d. 2

c. 4

Lucretia wants to ensure that her goals for her department are practical and attainable. Which of the following is a good example of what she should ask? a. Is this goal logical? b. How much? c. Is this goal worthwhile? d. Have I attained something similar in the past?

c. Is this worthwhile?

Which of the following is true of the behaviorally anchored rating scale? a. focuses on general statements such as "knowledge of work" b. general examples of performance are provided c. can be time consuming to create and update d. is generally less effective than graphical rating scales

c. can be time consuming to create and update

Jasper feels anxious because he doesn't know his other team members well, and he is uncertain about his role in the upcoming project. Based on Jasper's reactions, is group is probably in which of the following stages? a. adjourning b. storming c. forming d. norming

c. forming

The ability to adapt influence strategies to different situations is called ______. a. networking ability b. social astuteness c. interpersonal influence d. apparent sincerity

c. interpersonal influence

Of the following, ______-based trust is grounded in how predictable the other person is. a. calculus b. position c. knowledge d. identification

c. knowledge

Research shows that remote working is related to ______. a. organizational citizenship behaviors b. job satisfaction c. organizational commitment d. turnover

c. organizational commitment

Which of the following concepts relates to perceived unfairness of how pay is distributed? a. pay dispersion b. underpayment inequity c. pay inequity d. overpayment inequity

c. pay inequity

Sheila wants to influence her followers. She should know that the source of influence is ______. a. agreeableness b. intelligence c. power d. desire

c. power

What type of team experiences storming and then performance may actually decline for an extended period? a. potential team b. real team c. pseudoteam d. high-performing team

c. pseudoteam

Trust is best characterized as a(n) ______. a. behavior b. trait c. psychological state d. activity

c. psychological state

Elliot recently studied reinforcement theory in his organizational behavior class. He understands that how often a reward or punishment is applied can predict learning and motivation. This is referred to as ______. a. theory of motivation b. annual review process c. schedules of reinforcement d. punishment planner

c. schedules of reinforcement

Clyde works on a team in which there are challenges determining who the actual leader of the team is. Clyde's team is likely in which stage of the five-stage development model? a. forming b. norming c. storming d. performing

c. storming

Which of the following is true of team learning? a. Team learning originates in collective intuitions. b. Team learning emerges at the team level as individual actions. c. Team learning reflects team process effectiveness. d. Team learning has no effect for team performance.

c. team learning reflects team process effectiveness

JoAnn motivates followers by correcting errors and punishing mistakes. She can be described as a ______ leader. a. charismatic b. visionary c. transactional d. transformational

c. transactional

The full-range leadership development model depicts leadership as a(n) ______. impossibility static process continuum management skill

continuum

______ job loading is when one adds different tasks at the same level of work. a. Rotation b. Enrichment c. Vertical d. Horizontal

d. Horizontal

______ is the overall perception of what is fair in an organization. a. Organizational commitment b. Perceived organizational support c. Expectancy theory d. Organizational justice

d. Organizational justice

Charles thought of himself as a good listener, but overheard one of his friends complaining about how he dominated conversations. Since then, he has always made a point to defer to others in conversations. Which of the following best explains the reason for Charles' impression management? a. peer influence b. a need to impress a significant other c. a need to pretend they are somebody different d. a difference between his desired and current image

d. a difference between his desired and current image

A form of job crafting is changing___. a. the employee's job description b. the quantity of output c. reporting structures within the organization d. cognitive task boundaries

d. cognitive task boundaries

Of the following, team ______ is a collective phenomenon that encompasses what team members do behaviorally, cognitively, and emotionally as they define problems, generate ideas, and attempt new ways of doing their work. a. learning b. cohesion c. viability d. creativity

d. creativity

Some countries possess rare earth metals that are necessary to create electronics. These metals cannot be made synthetically, and there are no substitutes. Which of the following best describes the relationship between these countries and electronic manufacturers? a. interdependence b. the law of reciprocity c. coercive power d. dependence

d. dependence

Which of the following is one of the levels of needs on Maslow's hierarchy of needs? a. drive b. mental c. grit d. esteem

d. esteem

Which of the following outcomes are associated with high perceptions of organizational politics? a. increased job satisfaction b. low turnover c. improved performance d. increased anxiety and stress

d. increased anxiety and stress

Which of the following is the understanding that innovation occurs in phases and intrinsic motivation may be more important during the idea generation phase? a. extrinsics in service of intrinsics b. intrinsics in service of extrinsics c. creative modeling d. motivation-work cycle

d. motivation-work cycle

Lee is interested in developing a program that applies reinforcement theory in his organization. This is known as ______. a. organizational climate change b. organizational development c. strategic management modification d. organizational behavior modification

d. organizational behavior modification

Which of the following is one of the stages of the five-stage development model for teams? a. assembling b. reforming c. prenorming d. performing

d. performing

Having the discretion and the means to asymmetrically enforce one's will over others is known as ______. a. influence b. compassion c. coercion d. power

d. power

Which of the following is the need for protection from physical harm? a. self-actualization b. esteem c. physiological d. safety

d. safety

Impression management strategies have been found to be based on three areas, including ______. a. organization focus b. supplication c. intimidation d. supervisor focus

d. supervisor focus

Chris wants to improve followers' outcomes such as performance, satisfaction, and commitment; one proven way to do so it is to ______. leave followers alone to focus on work only develop better relationships with followers focus on customer satisfaction engage in transactional leadership

develop better relationships with followers

Leaders who demonstrate management-by-exception (passive) behaviors ______. inspire followers do not look for errors but correct them when they find them actively look for errors and correct them when they find them avoid leadership activity

do not look for errors but correct them when they find them

Groupthink is a positive characteristic for a team, similar to team mental models. true false

false

Individualized consideration is characterized as ______. being seen as change agents in the organization inspiring other to work hard toward organizational goals encouraging innovation and new ideas getting to know people one-on-one and mentor them

getting to know people one-on-one and mentor them

Which of the following refers to a person's need to learn new things, grow, and develop from working? a. goal setting b. motivators c. hygiene factors d. growth needs strength

goal setting

According to research on LMX theory, having high-quality relationships with one's leader is positively related to ______. higher performance decreased satisfaction less commitment increased turnover intentions

higher performance

Julie is positive and upbeat and gets others to feel optimistic as well. She is demonstrating which of the following of the behaviors of transformational leaders? intellectual stimulation idealized influence inspirational motivation individualized consideration

inspirational motivation

Of the following, moral ______ is one of the four components of ethical leadership. sensibility judgment turpitude morality

judgment

Which leadership theory is defined as the quality of the working relationship that is developed with each follower? humble leadership leader-member exchange(LMX) transactional leadership transformational leadership

leader-member exchange(LMX)

According to the text, leadership directs individuals and groups toward achieving ______. Group conflict organizational goals status quo individuals demands

organizational goals

Asking someone to support you in return for you supporting them is an example of exchange. true false

true

Diversity in teams can increase conflict. true false

true

Intrinsic motivation is when people are motivated internally by things like curiosity. true false

true

Reinforcement theory was initially studied with experiments on rats. true false

true

Reinforcers can increase or decrease behavior. true false

true

Supplication is where individuals advertise their weaknesses or shortcomings in order to elicit an attribution of being needy from observers. True false

true

Teams can be more effective than individuals. true false

true