organization and mangement practice exam questions

With ________, important decisions are made by middle-level and supervisory-level managers. decentralized authority horizontal delegation vertical accountability centralized authority

decentralized authority

The _______ explores thrusters (positive forces) and counterthrusters (negative forces) for change and seeks to reduce the negative and increase the positive. thruster analysis force-field analysis target elements of change feedback loop

force-filed analysis

In a SWOT analysis, organizational strengths are external opportunities that a company can take advantage of. environmental factors that the organization may exploit for competitive advantage. MBO skills that should be emphasized. skills and capabilities that give a company advantages in executing its strategies.

skills and capabilities that give a company advantages in executing its strategies.

________ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. Relational Social Personal Human

social capital

The CEO of AI, Inc. noted, "We have built our reputation by changing little over the last 15 years, but consistently helping customers with great, caring service and a reliable product." What type of strategy is this? defensive retrenchment growth stability

stability

People high in ________ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues. emotional stability external locus of control emotional intelligence

emotional intelligence

When people seek information to support their point of view and discount data that do not, they are subject to ________ bias. blind over confidence confirmation framing

confirmation

A feedback technique in which an employee is appraised by her boss, peers, subordinates, and possibly clients is called a(n) ________ appraisal. MBO 360-degree results BARS

360-degree

Akio is evaluating the alternatives that might solve his company's problem. One alternative would be an excellent outcome, but Akio is considering if he has enough time and resources to achieve it. Akio is asking himself: Is it efficient? Is it ethical? Is it feasible? Is it profitable?

Is it feasible?

________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective. Proactive change Organizational development Process innovation Continuous improvement

Organizational development

At a local grocery store, Travis, the produce department manager, has eight direct reports in his department, while Rayah, the meat department manager, oversees 12 employees. Which of these statements about span of control is accurate? Travis's area of responsibility is more important to organizational culture than Rayah's. The grocery store has a very tall structure. Rayah has a wider span of control than Travis. Travis has a wider span of control than Rayah.

Rayah has a wider span of control than Travis

Executives, often referred to as the "C-Suite," should focus their decision making on which of the following? How can business functions support the business-level strategy? How should we compete in this industry? What products and services shall we offer? When should we begin strategic planning?

What products and services shall we offer?

During a(n) ________ interview, Marcia asked Iván to tell her about the actions he took to overcome some sort of adversity. behavioral-description integrity situational unstructured

behavioral-description

Greta, the quality control inspector at a baby food copacking factory, has discarded four of the previous nine batches of baby food for trace levels of contamination. Greta needs to turn this problem around and find a way to improve the situation, so she should probably perform a minority dissent. a diagnosis. project post-mortem. a feasibility analysis.

a diagnosis.

Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class? disparate treatment reverse discrimination adverse impact harassment

adverse impact: thinking about the outcome

Actively finding, hiring, and developing the talents of people from traditionally underrepresented groups is the goal of affirmative action. quid pro quo. the Taft-Hartley Act. the Civil Rights Act.

affirmative action.

Ichiro is an on-site coordinator for the International Olympics Committee. Ichiro is good at his job because he regularly seeks new ideas and contrary opinions. He tolerates ambiguity well while being quite task-focused. Ichiro's decision-making style is best described as analytical. conceptual valuable. behavioral.

analytical.

Managers can use the VRIO framework to conduct strategic planning. provide corrective feedback. achieve organizational goals. analyze a firm's competitive potential.

analyze a firm's competitive potential.

When a dispute between a mining company and the United Steelworkers Union could not be resolved, the issue was sent to ________, which resulted in a binding agreement. the grievance committee mediation arbitration ratification

arbitration

Functional strategies are synonymous with corporate strategy are the plan of action for the functional area to support higher-level strategies are not relevant to corporate level strategy are big-picture, not task oriented

are the plan of action for the functional area to support higher-level strategies

Bruno knows that one of the reasons people do not return to his home appliance store is because of the slow service. How would a SWOT analysis classify the slow service at Bruno's store? as a strengthas a threat an opportunity as a weakness

as a weakness

________ enables a manager to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources. For example, the manager of a local coffee shop has the right to hire and fire baristas based on their punctuality, performance, and customer-service ratings. Unity of command Span of control Authority Delegation

authority

The interdisciplinary field of organizational ________ gives managers the information they need to understand, and to predict, employees' behaviors at work. behavior development culture commitment

behavior

Which of the following lists represent ways to improve group problem solving as identified by decision-making experts? consensus, groupthink, dialectic method devil's advocacy, minority dissent, goal displacement brainstorming, dialectic method, post-mortemspeer pressure, brainwriting, bullying

brainstorming

Cooper Technology offers many different IT services (training, support, monitoring, repair, network design, virus removal, and software upgrades) and sells refurbished computers and technology. The source of Cooper Technologies' strategic position is low-profit margin and many customers. broad needs and few customers. broad needs and many customers. high-profit margin and many customers.

broad needs and many customers.

In the BCG matrix, Kroger would be in the category of ________ due to being the largest retailer in the relatively stable grocery market. dogs cash cows question marks stars

cash cows

Employees and customers are treated like a family at Rahal Realty. Fadil and Inas Rahal, the owners, work to encourage unity to increase their employees' job satisfaction and commitment. At their realty firm, the Rahals have built a(n) ________ culture. market clan adhocracy hierarchy

clan

Employers can look for high ________ scores to specifically hire workers who perform well, are liked by their supervisors, and are resilient. extroversion agreeableness conscientiousness emotional stability openness to experience

conscientiousness

Snow Assist sells emergency safety and rescue products to ski patrols and rescue workers at prices that are below those of its competitors, which offer a larger line of more expensive products and focus on broader markets. Snow Assist is pursuing a ________ strategy. cost-focus cost-leadership differentiation narrow

cost-focus

Reggie's Records uses time-series forecasts, such as past holiday sales and the strength of store sales this year, to predict future sales based on patterns of historical data. Reggie's is using data analytics. groupthink. sunk-cost bias. big data.

data analytics.

Max was promoted to production manager at Boat, Inc. Max is efficient and takes a logical and practical approach to problem solving. He's decisive, gets things done, liked (but can be controlling). He typically uses a _____ decision-making style. directive conceptual ambiguous behavioral

directive

Goal displacement, satisficing, and groupthink are some advantages of group decision making. disadvantages of individual decision making. disadvantages of group decision making. problems with synergy.

disadvantages of group decision making.

Hewlett-Packard (HP) founders David Packard and William Hewlett strived to create a close-knit organizational culture that gave a lot of responsibility to employees and fostered innovation within the company. In HP's culture, individual responsibility and the importance of innovation are espoused values. observable artifacts. enacted values. diverse perspectives.

espoused values.

The first step of the strategic management process is assess the current reality formulate grand strategy establish the mission, vision, and values statements maintain a feedback loop

establish the mission, vision, and values statements

An organization whose HR system is aligned with its structure and culture is said to have talent management. internal fit. HR practices. external fit.

external fit.

The Ethical Decision Tree only considers if an issue is ethical. focuses on legality, shareholder value, and ethicicality. focuses primarily on shareholder value. is too complex to use for most decisions

focuses on legality, shareholder value, and ethicicality.

The leadership team of Popso Soda Company includes a president and vice presidents of operations, marketing, human resources, and finance. Popso seems to utilize which type of organizational structure? geographical. focused. hollow. functional.

functional.

In the 1950s, CL Werner purchased a pickup truck and began hauling cargo for other companies. He drove long hours and many miles as he slowly expanded the company. Now, it is among the largest asset-based logistics firms in the United States. CL Werner is an example of a myth. hero. fable. urban legend.

hero

Because Allison is assertive, cheerful, and sociable, she would likely rate on high on conscientiousness. low on emotional stability. high on extroversion. low on agreeableness.

high on extroversion.

________ entails posting information about job vacancies and qualifications in places where employees can see them, such as on bulletin boards or the company's intranet. Employment testing External recruiting Selection Internal recruiting

internal recruiting

The Competing Values Framework helps us categorize organizational cultures into four types (clan, adhocracy, hierarchy, and market) based on two dimensions: internal/external focus and flexibility/stability internal/external focus and open/ closedopen/closed focus and stability/ flexibilityorganizational structure type and stability/flexibility

internal/external focus and flexibility/stability

Nonrational decision-making models, such as ________, describe how managers sometimes make decisions. complexity intuition competing values information overload

intuition

Which of the following methods is most appropriate when people just need to learn facts such as work rules or legal matters? coaching role-plays online courses virtual reality

online-courses

Dante is monitoring developments in ________, such as immigration, automation, and globalization, to plan for how they will affect his company. adaptive change innovative change outside forces inside forces

outside forces

Walmart's implementation of RFID, a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking, is an example of a(n) ________ change because Walmart already had a very effective technology tracking system in place before it implemented RFID. reactive proactive cultural disruptive

proactive

A ________ innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated. procedural process product disruptive

process

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine. Change agency OD intervention Resistance to change Radical innovation

resistance to change

"What shall we do about the problem?" is the question that would most likely be asked during the ________ stage of OD. evaluation diagnosis feedback treatment

treatment

Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using robots to insert IVs found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and potential patient harm. As part of the ________ stage of change, the nurses' managers are modeling how to use the robots and demonstrating their accuracy. unfreezing freezing changere freezing

unfreezing

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. Ethics Values Perceptions Attitudes

values