Organizational Behavior Individual Exam

Organizational Behavior Anchors

multidisciplinary anchor, systematic research anchor, contingency anchor, and multiple levels of analysis anchor

The Contingency Anchor

no single solution is best in all circumstances

Corporate Social Responsibility

organizational activities intended to benefit society and the environment beyond the firm's immediate financial interests or legal obligations

What are the 5 individual behaviors?

task performance, organizational citizenship, counterproductive work behaviors, job satisfaction, and motivation

What does task-performance refer to?

task-performance refers to goal-directed behaviors under the individual's control that support organizational objectives

Skills employers want in in 2015

team work, problem-solving skills, information processing skills

Intensity

the amount of effort allocated to the goal

Motivation

the forces within a person that affect his or her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behavior

Human Capital

the knowledge that employees carry around in their heads

Ability

the natural aptitudes and learned capabilities required to successfully complete a task

Aptitudes

the natural talents that help employees learn specific tasks more quickly and perform them better

Surface-Level Diversity

the observable demographic or physiological differences in people, such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, and physical disabilities

What are some weaknesses of the open systems perspective?

the organization suffers if the environment can't provide resources, poor communication can lead to a poor product

Ethics

the study of moral principles or values that determine whether actions are right or wrong and outcomes are good or bad

Job Satisfaction

a person's evaluation of his or her job and work context

The High Performance Work Practices Perspective (HPWP)

a perspective that effective organizations incorporate several workplace practices that leverage the potential of human capital

Organizational Learning Perspective

a perspective that organizational effectiveness depends on the organization's capacity to acquire, share, use, and store valuable knowledge

Open Systems Perspective

a perspective that organizations take their sustenance from the environment and, in turn, affect that environment through their output

What is an organization?

a place where people with a collective sense of purpose come together and "organize" to produce some result

The Stakeholder Perspective

companies must take into account how their actions affect others, which requires them to understand, manage, and satisfy the interests of their stakeholders

Intellectual Capital

company's stock of knowledge, including human capital, structural capital and relationship capital

Persistence

continuing the effort for a certain amount of time

Deep-Level Diversity

differences in the psychological characteristics of employees, including personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes

Globalization

economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world

What are some practices recognized in this perspective?

employee involvement and job autonomy

What is the MARS model of individual behavior and performance?

employee motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors

What are some strengths of the HPWP?

...

What are some strengths of the organizational learning perspective?

...

What are some weaknesses of the organizational learning perspective?

...

What are some weaknesses of the HPWP?

HPWPs increase work stress, may satisfy shareholder and customer needs at the expense of employee well-being

Stakeholders

Individual, organizations, or other entities who affect, or are affected by the organization's objectives and actions. They include anyone with stake in the company, such as employees, shareholders, suppliers, government, communities, consumer and environmental interest groups, and so on

What is organizational behavior?

Studies what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations by themselves and in a team. Behavior is a function of the person, group, organization, and the environment

Organizational Effectiveness

a broad concept represented by several perspectives, including the organization's fit with external environment, internal subsystems configuration for high-performance, emphasis on organizational learning, and ability to satisfy the needs of key stakeholders

Shared Values

a group of people that might hold the same or similar values

What are the 3 propositions in which the HPWP is based on?

employees are an important source of competitive advantage, the value of human capital can be increased through the presence of specific organizational practices, and these organizational practices must be bundled together to maximize their potential

What are some strengths of the open systems perspective?

good feedback from the environment, outputs directly relates to inputs gathered from the real world, effective problem-solving

What are the 3 levels of analysis of the multiple levels of analysis anchor?

individual, team, and organization

The open systems perspective focuses on physical resources different to the learning perspective that focuses on what?

knowledge

The Multidisciplinary Anchor

organizational behavior is anchored around the idea that the field should develop from knowledge in other disciplines, not just from its own isolated base

The Systematic Research Anchor

organizational behavior should be based on systematic research, which typically involves forming research questions, systematically collecting data, and testing hypotheses against that data

Direction

refers to the path along which people engage their effort

Values

relatively stable, evaluative beliefs that guide a person's preferences for outcomes or courses of action in a variety of situations

Competencies

skills, knowledge, and other personal characteristics that lead to superior performance

The organizational learning perspective states not only that effective organizations learn...

they also unlearn routines and patters of behavior that are no longer appropriate

What 3 ways do employees understand their role?

they understand the specific task assigned to them, they understand the priority of their specific tasks, they understand their preferred behaviors to accomplish the assigned tasks

Structural Capital

this includes the knowledge captured and retained in an organization's systems and structures, such as documentation of work procedures and physical layout of the production line

Relationship Capital

value derived from an organization's relationships with customers, suppliers, and others who provide added mutual value for the organization

Organizational Citizenship Behaviors

various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organization's social and psychological context

Counterproductive Work Behaviors (CWBs)

voluntary behaviors that have the potential to directly or indirectly harm the organization