OSAT Earth Science Part 3 (chapter 4)

Imagine you are looking at a graph that shows a correlational line moving from the bottom left corner of the graph to the upper right corner. Which correlation coefficient below would best represent the pattern of data while remaining within the possible range of correct calculations?

+.072

Which one of the following coefficients indicates that the two variables of interest move in opposite directions while remaining within the possible range of correct calculations?

-0.83

If the constant of variation is 0.38 and x equals 15, what does y equal if they vary inversely?

0.025

If the constant of variation is 12 and y = 36 and they vary directly, what does x equal?

3

Which of the following answers is an example of continuous data?

3.14 cm

x and y varies inversely. x equals 10 when y = 20. What does x equal when y = 40?

5

Which of the following is NOT a type of figure:

A table

Which of the following is NOT true regarding tables:

A table illustrates trends in the experimental data

Which best describes a population?

All of the individuals being studied

When is the best time to consider which type of analysis to use to examine your data?

Before you even begin collecting data

Samantha is gathering information about how many calories the athletes on her team consume during game week. Which answer correctly indicates how the data should be analyzed for both categorical and quantitative research?

Categorical Data: 1,000-1,200 cal; 1,201-1,400 cal; 1,401-1,600 cal, etc. Quantitative Data: All individual caloric consumption amounts are collected.

What is data that is collected in groups or topics, where the number of events in each group is counted numerically?

Categorical data

Which of the following best describes a line graph?

Demonstrates a change or trend in data

Which of the following shows the best order of the steps that a student should take when interpreting tables of scientific data on an exam? I. Student tries to answer the question on his/her own II. Student scans the table to assess the information provided III. Student confirms that the information data table makes sense

II, III, I

Which rule describes how you come to understand what a chart means and how to use it effectively?

Identify the trends of the chart.

Which of the following statements is NOT quantitative data?

Last night's gathering was ten times better than last week's.

Dr. Nodd does a study in which she observes parents and their children interacting at home. She finds that the more supportive parents are, the less aggressive their children are. What conclusion can Dr. Nodd make?

Level of support and level of aggression are negatively correlated.

You have the following data table to work with. Which of these will be the dependent variable when using the data to make a graph?

Numbers of votes for favorite pet

Which rule describes the very first thing you should do when encountering a problem involving a graph or chart?

Orient yourself to the x and y axes.

Which of the following statements is true about random error?

Over time it will theoretically balance out It is just as likely to be positive as negative It occurs without any recognizable pattern It is unavoidable All are true

When solving a problem that has a data table, which rule allows you to get oriented to the information in the problem?

Scan the table first.

For the following equation, identify the slope, the intercept, and interpret the meaning of each for the scenario. y = -4x + 7 For every incorrect answer, Stacia loses points. She gets points for writing her name on her paper.

Slope: -4 Intercept: 7 Interpretation: -4 represents the number of points off for each incorrect answer, 7 represents the number of points for writing the name on the paper.

For the following equation, identify the slope, the intercept, and interpret the meaning of each for the scenario. y= 7.5x - 3 James just got a new job. He will make a certain amount of money per hour, but he will also receive a one-time deduction to pay for his new uniform.

Slope: 7.5 Intercept: -3 Interpretation: 7.5 is the amount of money per hour, 3 is how much is deducted for the uniform.

You are conducting a political survey in a neighborhood and decide that after randomly selecting a start point, you will sample every 15th house on the street. What type of sampling will you be using for this survey?

Systematic

When would you use ANOVA?

To compare the means of different groups (Analysis of Variance)

Which of the following is an example of categorical data?

age, gender, occupation, all of the above.

Ideally, you want your data to be _____.

both accurate and precise

Which of the following equations shows a direct variation?

y=7x

Which of the following formulas shows an inverse variation?

y=k/x