Pals PreAssessment 2

Upon entering a patient room, the pediatric healthcare provider notes audible wheezing. The provider initially collects this specific finding during which assessment stage? Secondary assessment Rapid assessment (PAT) Primary assessment Focused assessment

Rapid assessment (PAT)

A pediatric patient presents with tachypnea, irritability, wheezing and pallor. Which disorder do these assessment findings most likely indicate? Respiratory failure Cardiac arrest Respiratory arrest Respiratory distress

Respiratory distress

The healthcare provider suspects impending respiratory failure in a recently admitted school-aged child. Which new assessment finding would the healthcare provider most likely observe? Respiratory rate change from 25 to 11 breaths per minute Bilateral expiratory wheezing upon auscultation Onset of nasal flaring Oxygen saturation decrease to 94%

Respiratory rate change from 25 to 11 breaths per minute

A newly admitted infant has been diagnosed with bronchiolitis. The provider understands bronchiolitis is most often caused by which pathogen? Haemophilus influenzae Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) Bordetella pertussis Streptococcus pneumoniae

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

A PALS team member caring for a patient experiencing a respiratory emergency suggests collecting a sputum culture and performing a chest x-ray. During which assessment stage should these actions be performed? Initial assessment Primary assessment Rapid assessment Secondary assessment

Secondary assessment

Team Response Scenario: Maya Kwan

...

Team Response Scenario: Sullivan Kelly

...

Jeremy prepares the prednisolone dose for Maya. Which of the following is the correct oral dose of prednisolone (5 mL/15 mg) to administer to Maya, based on her weight of 20 kg? 1.2 mL 5 mL 6.6 mL

6.6 mL

While conducting a community health class for local parents about common respiratory disorders, which statement about croup does the healthcare provider correctly include? A term for a respiratory problem with symptoms including hoarseness, possibly stridor and barking cough A serious cough caused by a bacterial infection A severe infection of the epiglottis that causes a high fever and sore throat A viral infection that causes a cough and enlarged tonsils that block the upper airway

A term for a respiratory problem with symptoms including hoarseness, possibly stridor and barking cough

Based on these assessment findings, what is the appropriate next step of care? Administer a second dose of albuterol after 20 minutes Intubate the patient immediately Administer atropine after 20 minutes

Administer a second dose of albuterol after 20 minutes

Using critical thinking and assessment data, what is the next best course of action? Administer a third dose of albuterol Administer epinephrine Administer terbutaline Administer supplemental oxygen

Administer a third dose of albuterol

Which of the following interventions should Mark include in next steps of care for Sullivan? Elective endotracheal intubation Establishing IV access Administration of nebulized albuterol Administration of nebulized epinephrine Administration of dexamethasone

Administration of nebulized epinephrine Administration of dexamethasone

Which first-line asthma medication would Joanne order to administer to Maya immediately? Racemic epinephrine via nebulized solution Albuterol via nebulized solution Prednisolone

Albuterol via nebulized solution

Providers have been assisting ventilation and ensuring oxygenation for a child in respiratory failure in the emergency department. Despite these measures, the child's pulse falls to 60 bpm and there are signs of inadequate perfusion. What is the priority action for the healthcare provider to take? Begin compressions. Provide IV fluids. Administer epinephrine. Intubate the patient.

Begin compressions.

A child is being treated for mild croup in the urgent care clinic and is breathing warm, humidified air. Which additional medication does the healthcare provider consider giving? Antibiotics Corticosteroids Analgesics Diuretics

Corticosteroids

Based on the primary assessment, Mark suspects which of the following is the cause of Sullivan's respiratory distress?

Croup

The nurse notes a change in the patient's breath sounds and suspects impending respiratory failure. Which new finding does the nurse most likely assess? Diminished breath sounds Stridor Wheezing Crackles

Diminished breath sounds

A 7-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department with difficulty breathing and angioedema. The parent states, "My child is allergic to peanuts, but ate some during lunch today!" Which medication should the healthcare provider prepare first? Albuterol Acetaminophen Epinephrine Dopamine

Epinephrine

Which additional therapeutic intervention should be considered at this time? Antibiotics Heliox Ipratropium bromide Albuterol

Heliox

The healthcare provider understands that characteristics of asthma include which findings? Inflammation and spasm of the epiglottis Inflammation and spasm of the lower airways Inflammation and spasm of the upper airways Inflammation and spasm of the nasal turbinates

Inflammation and spasm of the lower airways

A child was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) after a severe head injury and has been placed on mechanical ventilation. The healthcare provider is most concerned about increasing intracranial pressure if which assessment findings are present? Irregular, decreased respirations Increased respirations and stridor Intercostal retractions and rapid respirations Shallow, rapid respirations and nasal flaring

Irregular, decreased respirations

A patient with respiratory distress caused by increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is being treated in the pediatric intensive care unit. You know you need to ensure adequate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). Which of the following are measures used to ensure adequate CPP? Keep head midline Administer pharmacologic therapy for ICP Avoid hypotension Aggressively treat fever Tilt head to one side

Keep head midline Administer pharmacologic therapy for ICP Avoid hypotension Aggressively treat fever

A child is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pulmonary edema (non-cardiogenic). Which of the following are included in the treatment for this lung tissue disease? Manage oxygenation and ventilation according to protocols for PARDS Correct hypoxemia with ventilation strategies and PEEP Consider hypercapnia, as indicated Administer antibiotics Administer naloxone

Manage oxygenation and ventilation according to protocols for PARDS Correct hypoxemia with ventilation strategies and PEEP Consider hypercapnia, as indicated

Based on the rapid and primary assessment findings recorded in the patient chart and the grandparent's verbalizations, the team recognizes that Maya is experiencing a _____ asthma exacerbation. Mild Moderate Respiratory arrest Severe

Moderate

The parents of a child in respiratory failure told the PALS team that their child ingested some of a grandparent's opioid pain medication that was left over from knee surgery. Which of the following might be an appropriate intervention? Isotonic fluid infusion Urinary alkalization Urinary catheterization Naloxone administration

Naloxone administration

Which of the following oxygen delivery devices may be preferred for children younger than 5 years in respiratory distress who only need low concentration to maintain O2 saturation of 94% to 99%? Nasal cannula Non-rebreather face mask Simple mask Oxygen tent

Nasal cannula

A 5-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department with a temperature of 102.4° F and a cough. Upon assessment, the healthcare provider observes decreased breath sounds and localized crackles and tachycardia. The provider suspects these findings most likely indicate which disorder? Asthma Croup Pneumonia Bronchiolitis

Pneumonia

A 5-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department with a temperature of 102.4° F and a cough. Upon assessment, the healthcare provider observes decreased breath sounds and localized crackles and tachycardia. The provider suspects these findings most likely indicate which disorder? Pneumonia Croup Asthma Bronchiolitis

Pneumonia

You and additional providers have been caring for an infant in respiratory arrest with a central pulse rate of 50 bpm and inadequate perfusion despite adequate oxygenation and ventilation. After 2 minutes, you reassess the infant for breathing and a central pulse. What should you do if the central pulse rate increases to 65 bpm and perfusion improves? Stop CPR but continue ventilations (1 every 2 to 3 seconds) until the patient is ventilating sufficiently. Continue cycles of 15 compressions and 2 ventilations. Perform a secondary assessment. Place the patient in the recovery position and monitor them until EMS, the rapid response or the resuscitation team arrive.

Stop CPR but continue ventilations (1 every 2 to 3 seconds) until the patient is ventilating sufficiently.

The physician is informed by the nurse of a patient with possible partial upper airway obstruction. When examining the patient, which breath sound does the provider most likely anticipate? Rhonchi Grunting Wheezing Stridor

Stridor