path prepU ch 25

a client has prominent jugular veins. what type of medical problem is associated with prominent jugular veins

right-sided heart failure

the heart is a four-chambered muscular pump. In one day, how many gallons of blood are pumped throughout the body

1800

a client is diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm that the physician just wants to "watch" for now. when teaching the client about signs/symptoms to watch for, the nurse will base the teaching on which physiologic principle

as the aneurysm grows, more tension is placed on the vessel wall, which increases the risk for rupture

a client's echocardiogram identified a narrowed valve that has resulted in a decreased blood flow between the left atria and left ventricle. the nurse would interpret this as the

bicuspid valve

the heart controls the direction of blood flow. what is the role of the aortic valve

controls the direction of blood flow from the left side of the heart to the systemic circulation

humoral control of blood flow involves the effect of vasodilator and vasoconstrictor substances in the blood. select the factor that has a powerful vasodilator effect on arterioles and increases capillary permeability

histamine

release of which humoral factors will result in vasodilation

histamine

which of the following is true regarding pulmonary circulation

it is a low-pressure system that allows for improved gas exchange

which of the following blood flow patterns reduces friction, allowing the blood layers to slide smoothly over one another

laminar

the physician states that a client has adequate collateral circulation. the nurse interprets this as

long-term compensatory regulation of blood flow

a nurse is assessing a female client and notes that her left arm is swollen from the shoulder down to the fingers, with noon-pitting edema/ the right arm is normal. the client has a left-sided mastectomy 1 year ago. what does the nurse suspect is the problem

lymphedema

which related circulatory complication can result from surgical treatment for metastatic breast cancer

lymphedema in the affected arm

the heart consists of four valves. which are the heart's atrioventricular valves? select all that apply

mitral tricuspid

which factor represents the amount of blood that the heart must pump with each beat and is determined by the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers and the actions of the heart prior to cardiac contraction

preload

the heart consists of four valves. which are the semilunar valves? select all that apply

pulmonary aortic

the heart is a four-chambered pump. what is the function of the right ventricle

pumps blood to the lungs

the electrical activity of the heart is recorded on the ECG. what does the T wave on the ECG represent

repolarization of the ventricles

a client with aortic insufficiency is experiencing an increase in afterload. the client will experience fatigue and activity intolerance due to

resistance to ejection of blood from the heart

a client has had an acute myocardial infarction. The brother of the client has a history of angina. the client asks how he will know if his brother's pain is angina or if the brother is actually having an MI. which statement is correct

rest and intake of nitroglycerin relieve chest pain with angina; they do not relieve chest pain with an MI

which sequence is the correct pathway for blood flow through the heart

right atrium tricuspid valve right ventricle pulmonary artery lungs pulmonary vein left atrium mitral valve left ventricle aorta

following a kitchen accident with a knife, the client's cut has experienced a decrease in the amount of bleeding and has developed a clot. the nurse knows this is primarily a results of the release of which humoral factor

serotonin

the difference between the end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes is called what

stroke volume

the nurse is reviewing the circulatory system. which statements are correct about the functional organization of the circulatory system. select all that apply

the arterial system distributes oxygenated blood to the tissues the venous system collects deoxygenated blood from the tissues

the nurse identifies the blood vessel layer that constricts to regulate and control diameter as

tunica media

preload, the stretch on the heart before contraction, is largely determined by which factor

venous blood return

the cardiac cycle describes the pumping action of the heart. which statement is correct about systole

ventricles contract and blood is ejected from the heart

there are three main atrial pressure waves that occur during cardiac cycle. what are the three main atrial pressure waves? select all that apply

a c v

a client is admitted to the cardiac unit with a diagnosis of pericarditis. the nurse is teaching the client about the anatomical location of the infection. the nurse evaluates the effectiveness of the teaching when the client correctly identifies which of the following as the location of the pericardium

a membranous sac that encloses the heart

nitroglycerin i the drug of choice in treating angina. What does nitroglycerin release into the vascular smooth muscle of the target tissues

nitric oxide

a client asks why he has not had major heart damage since his cardiac catheterization revealed he has a 98% blockage to the right coronary artery. the nurses best response is

you have small channels between some of your arteries, so you can get blood from a patent artery to one severely blocked