Patho Chapter 13

d. hemoglobin

Bilirubin is a waste product in urine derived from: a. blood plasma b. nucleic acids c. creatine d. hemoglobin

goal is to filter blood and waste substance charge lost = proteins and blood cells in urine

Bowman's Capsule

tuft of fenestrated capillaries -holes to filter out urine

Glomerulus

Descending - thick to thin Ascending - thin to thick in medulla

Loop of Henle

presented in tubule

Macula densa

out of Bowman's capsule 65% reabsorption

Proximal tubule

renal corpuscle -glomerulus (tuft of capillaries) -bowman's capsule long tubule

Structures of the nephron?

b. countercurrent multiplication

The concentrating mechanism accomplished by the loop of Henle is known as: a. autoregulation b. countercurrent multiplication c. secondary passive transport d. primary active transport

d. prostate

Urinary flow in men can be compromised by enlargement or growth of what gland? a. kidneys b. pancreas c. adrenals d. prostate

c. Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion

Urine is formed in a three-step process: which of the following gives the correct order in which these steps take place in the nephron? a. Tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption, glomerular filtration b. Tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, glomerular filtration c. Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion d. Glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, tubular reabsorption

renal artery renal vein lymphatics nerves ureter

What are the primary structures present in the hilum of the kidneys?

Outer cortex - 80% nephrons Inner Medula - 20% nephrons

What are the two layers of the kidneys?

juxtamedullary nephrons

What does the inner medulla contain?

Cortical nephrons

What does the outer cortex contain?

b. angiotensin II

What is the main stimulus for secretion of the hormone aldosterone from the adrenal cortex? a. angiotensin I b. angiotensin II c. renin d. sodium ions

d. ectopic pregnancy

What pathology is due to decreased fallopian tube motility? a. endometriosis b. ovarian cancer c. fibroids d. ectopic pregnancy

c. ovarian cancer

What pathology is thought to be silent in nature of clinical manifestations and poor prognosis? a. cervical cancer b. uterine cancer c. ovarian cancer d. endometriosis