Patho chpt 11
Dialysis filters out unwanted elements from the blood, usually removed by healthy kidneys; thus dialysis is considered a cure for kidney failure. the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained. dialysis is never used until the symptoms of ultimately fatal uremia develop. all of the above.
the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained.
Acute renal failure is a clinical emergency. true false
true
Catheterization may be indicated before or after surgery (or both before and after), to relieve urinary retention, to obtain a sterile specimen, to irrigate the bladder, or to treat urinary incontinence. True False
true
Chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) is a slowly progressive, noninfectious disease that can lead to renal failure. True False
true
Pyelonephritis is the most common type of kidney disease. True False
true
The most common symptom of a bladder tumor is gross, intermittent, painless hematuria. True False
true
The patient who has CRF is evaluated for dialysis or kidney transplantation to prolong life. True False
true
Proper function of the urinary system is frequently evaluated by physical examination alone. the patient's history alone. urinalysis (UA) and blood tests. how much liquid the patient is drinking daily.
urinalysis (UA) and blood tests.
Proper function of the urinary system is frequently evaluated by physical examination alone. the patient's history alone. urinalysis (UA) and blood tests. how much liquid the patient is drinking daily.
urinalysis and blood test
The cause(s) of cystitis and urethritis is/are an ascending bacterial invasion of the urinary tract. sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). inflammation as a result of chemotherapy or radiation. all of the above.
All the above
The symptoms and signs of acute glomerulonephritis may include edema, hematuria, protein in the urine, and decreased urinary output. an abnormal UA. hypertension, headaches, and low-grade fever. all of the above.
All the above
Hydronephrosis is caused by decreased blood flow to the kidney. True False
False
Lithotripsy is a procedure used to examine the urinary tract. True False
False
Symptoms of renal calculi are the same regardless of the size of the stone. True False
False
Urinary urgency, frequency, and possible incontinence are symptoms of chronic renal failure (CRF). True False
False
Which of the following statements is true about RCC? The prognosis is good in all cases. The cause is known to be viral. Risk factors may include smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals such as asbestosis and cadmium. The most common primary tumor of the kidney occurs in the renal pelvis.
Risk factors may include smoking, obesity, and prolonged exposure to chemicals such as asbestosis and cadmium.
The urinary system is responsible for cleansing the blood of waste products. regulating the normal balance of water and electrolytes. storing and excreting urine. all of the above.
all of the above
Dialysis filters out unwanted elements from the blood, usually removed by healthy kidneys; thus dialysis is considered a cure for kidney failure. the body's proper fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance is maintained. dialysis is never used until the symptoms of ultimately fatal uremia develop. all of the above.
all the above
The symptoms and signs of acute glomerulonephritis may include edema, hematuria, protein in the urine, and decreased urinary output. an abnormal UA. hypertension, headaches, and low-grade fever. all of the above.
all the above
The cause of neurogenic bladder, a bladder-control dysfunction, is damage to the brain, spinal cord, or nerves supplying the lower urinary tract. hydronephrosis. renal calculi. ARF.
damage to the brain, spinal cord, or nerves supplying the lower urinary tract.
Glomerulosclerosis describes renal changes that are due to a systemic endocrine disease and that are typical of urethritis. cystitis. diabetic neuropathy. polycystic kidney disease.
diabetic neuropathy.
Polycystic kidney disease is a reversible condition. greatly enlarges the kidneys and leads to kidney failure. is not inherited and is an acute condition. is not usually seen on x-ray.
greatly enlarges the kidneys and leads to kidney failure
The condition of the kidney caused by pressure from urine that cannot flow past an obstruction in the urinary tract is called enuresis. diabetic nephropathy. hematuria. hydronephrosis.
hydronephrosis
Acute glomerulonephritis usually follows infection by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. kidney trauma. excessive calcium in the blood. all of the above.
infection by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus
The disease that encompasses a group of symptoms referred to as the protein-losing kidney is hydronephrosis. acute glomerulonephritis. nephrotic syndrome. diabetic nephropathy.
nephrotic syndrome
The treatment of renal calculi might include relief of pain, lithotripsy, surgical intervention, increased fluid intake, and diuretics. dialysis, kidney transplant, and antibiotic therapy. both of the above. neither of the above.
relief of pain, lithotripsy, surgical intervention, increased fluid intake, and diuretics.
Some nephrotoxic agents known to cause renal damage include
solvents and heavy metals, antibiotics and pesticides.and mushrooms.
Weakening of pelvic floor muscles and the urethral structure as a result of trauma, childbirth, hormonal changes of aging, obesity, or certain medications may precipitate renal cell carcinoma (RCC). bladder tumors. polycystic kidney disease. stress incontinence (enuresis).
stress incontinence (enuresis)