Patho NAT 503 Module 9

The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called A. bcr-abl. B. Rb. C. p53. D. ARA-c.

A. bcr-abl.

Macrophages interact with T helper cells by: A. phagocytizing microorganisms. B. producing reactive oxygen species. C. presenting antigens and secreting cytokines. D. Synthesizing antibodies and T cell receptors.

C. presenting antigens and secreting cytokines.

The patient is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL). As part of treatment, the patient must undergo several weeks of chemotherapy. The most serious complication of chemotherapy is A. vomiting. B. anemia. C. alopecia. D. infection.

D. infection.

Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which A. there is a high rejection rate. B. stem cells are transferred to the patient from an HLA-matched donor. C. stem cells are transferred to the patient from an identical twin. D. stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.

D. stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient.

Where are neutrophils produced and stored in the body? A. Bone marrow B. Kidney C. Thymus D. Lymph nodes

A. Bone marrow

Renal insufficiency is a common complication of which disease? A. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) B. Chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) C. Myeloma D. Hodgkin disease

C. Myeloma

While in the hospital for management of acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), a patient develops severe thrombocytopenia. The most appropriate action for this condition is A. anticoagulant therapy. B. chemotherapy. C. activity restriction. D. isolation.

C. activity restriction.

A 5-year-old patient's parents report loss of appetite and fatigue in their child. The parents also state that the child refuses to walk as a result of pain. The child's most likely diagnosis is A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) B. CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia) C. AML (acute myeloid leukemia) D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

Which type of leukemia primarily affects children? A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) B. CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia) C. AML (acute myeloid leukemia) D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)

In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia). B. CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia). C. AML (acute myeloid leukemia). D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia).

A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia).

A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is A. Bence Jones proteins in the urine. B. decreased platelet count. C. increased IgM antibody titer. D. elevated blood glucose levels.

A. Bence Jones proteins in the urine.

Which viruses have been implicated as cancer-causing agents? (Select all that apply.) A. Epstein-Barr B. Human T-cell leukemia C. Human immunodeficiency D. Herpes E. Shingles

A. Epstein-Barr B. Human T-cell leukemia C. Human immunodeficiency

Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with A. Epstein-Barr virus. B. radiation exposure. C. immunodeficiency syndromes. D. history of cigarette smoking.

A. Epstein-Barr virus.

Under normal conditions, which cell accounts for the greatest percentage of the white blood cell count differential? A. Neutrophils (PMNs) B. Monocytes C. Bands D. Lymphocytes

A. Neutrophils (PMNs)

Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)? A. Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising B. Vertebral fracture, hypercalcemia, bone pain C. Elevated WBC count found on routine examination, asymptomatic D. Painless enlarged cervical lymph node, fever, weight loss

A. Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising

The patient is a 12-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Manifestations of the patient's leukemia prior to treatment may include (Select all that apply.) A. anemia. B. leukocytosis. C. leukopenia. D. thrombocytopenia. E. anuria.

A. anemia. B. leukocytosis. D. thrombocytopenia.

A patient is diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia. The patient's laboratory results would most likely indicate a decrease in (Select all that apply.) A. granulocytes. B. platelets. C. white blood cells. D. red blood cells. E. melanocytes.

A. granulocytes. B. platelets. D. red blood cells.

The major cause of death from leukemic disease is A. infection. B. malnutrition. C. hypovolemic shock. D. kidney failure.

A. infection.

A patient is diagnosed with myeloma. The nurse teaches the patient about the multiple tumor sites that can develop with this cancer. The possible tumor sites in myeloma include the (Select all that apply.) A. liver. B. spleen. C. stomach. D. pancreas. E. kidneys.

A. liver. B. spleen. E. kidneys.

A patient is diagnosed with stage IIA Hodgkin disease. This patient's clinical stage was most likely determined by (Select all that apply.) A. patient history. B. lymph node biopsy. C. laparotomy results. D. CT scan. E. physical examination.

A. patient history. D. CT scan. E. physical examination.

A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis is A. leukemia. B. myeloma. C. Hodgkin disease. D. back trauma.

B. myeloma.

What type of a cell is a B cell? A. Monocyte B. Thymocyte C. Granulocyte D. Lymphocyte

D. Lymphocyte

The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor. True False

TRUE

What is the correct definition of complete remission (CR) of leukemia? A. CR is the absence of leukemic cells in the blood. B. CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values. C. CR is absence of leukemic cells regardless of CBC values. D. CR is less than 5% leukemic cells in the blood.

B. CR is less than 5% blasts in marrow and normal CBC values.

Which cells are granulocytes? A. Stem cells in bone marrow B. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils C. B and T lymphocytes D. Monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells

B. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

What is a plasma cell? A. An immature B lymphocyte B. A mature B lymphocyte that serves as a memory cell C. A mature B lymphocyte that secretes antibodies D. A B lymphocyte precursor cell

C. A mature B lymphocyte that secretes antibodies

What is the major function of T helper cells? A. Triggering degranulation of mast cells B. Producing antibodies against autoantigens C. Killing virus-infected and potentially malignant cells D. Secreting cytokines that regulate immune response

C. Killing virus-infected and potentially malignant cells

Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome? A. ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia) B. CLL (chronic lymphoid leukemia) C. AML (acute myeloid leukemia) D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

D. CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)

Which of the following are the primary cells of adaptive immunity? A. Dendritic cells B. Macrophages C. Neutrophils D. Lymphocytes

D. Lymphocytes

What is the major function of neutrophils? A. Immunologic memory B. Antigen presentation C. Antibody production D. Phagocytosis

D. Phagocytosis

What is the major function of neutrophils? A. Immunologic memory B. Antigen presentation C. Antibody production D. Phagocytosis

D. Phagocytosis

What is the major function of T helper cells? A. Triggering degranulation of mast cells B. Producing antibodies against autoantigens C. Killing virus-infected and potentially malignant cells D. Secreting cytokines that regulate immune response

D. Secreting cytokines that regulate immune response

A patient is diagnosed with CML (chronic myeloid leukemia). The patient may experience which of these symptoms? (Select all that apply.) A. Fatigue B. Weight loss C. Abdominal discomfort D. Joint pain E. Sweats

NOT "D"

A patient is diagnosed with stage III non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is preparing to undergo treatment. Which treatments may be used to treat this patient's cancer? (Select all that apply.) A. Radiation B. Bone marrow transplant C. Chemotherapy D. Lymph node transplant E. Monoclonal antibody therapy

NOT "D"

Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord. True False

TRUE