patho test 5 review questions

The nurse is providing care for a client with nonunion at the site of a fracture in a lower extremity. After 12 weeks of monitoring, the fracture site shows no signs of healing. Which prescription does the nurse anticipate from the health-care provider?

Placement of a bone graft at the site

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students the causes of spinal nerve impingement. Which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?

"Disc thickening may cause spinal nerve impingement."

The nurse is discussing the various fluids of the musculoskeletal system with staff nurses. Which statement made by an attending nurse indicates understanding?

"Edematous fluid makes the joint capsule less effective as a protector."

The nurse is providing care for an older female client diagnosed with gout. Which statement by the nurse to the client conveys correct information?

"Estrogen protects against hyperuricemia."

The nurse is teaching a client nonpharmacological therapy to treat gout. Which statement by the client indicates the need for additional teaching?

"I should increase the intake of meats."

Which statement made by a client with musculoskeletal inflammation supports the nurse's suspicion of polymyalgia rheumatica?

"I thought I had the flu, but the symptoms have lasted too long."

Which statement made by a staff nurse indicates the need for additional information about treatment of various musculoskeletal disorders?

"Immunosuppressive agents are first-line agents for psoriatic arthritis."

The nurse is reviewing degenerative disc disease (DDD) with a group of staff nurses. Which statement made by an attending nurse indicates understanding?

"Onset of lumbar DDD occurs most often between the ages of 30 and 50."

The nurse is reviewing synovial fluid with a group of staff nurses. Which statement by an attending nurse indicates the need for further review?

"There is a wide exchange between the bloodstream and the synovial joint."

The nurse is evaluating the knowledge of staff nurses regarding the confirmatory tests for brain death. Which statement made by a staff nurse does the nurse correct?

"Use eight scalp electrodes with a distance of 5 centimeters between each during electroencephalography."

During a client assessment, a client reports a loss of hearing to the nurse. The nurse also finds an increased volume of endolymph fluid in the inner ear. Which instruction does the nurse give the client?

"You should eat a low-salt diet."

While caring for an older adult client, the nurse finds the client is in the initial stage of presbycusis. Which instruction by the nurse to the client's family member is most beneficial to the client?

"You should make an appointment with an audiologist for the client."

The nurse is teaching care measures to be followed by a client who has otitis externa. Which instruction by the nurse is most beneficial to the client?

"You should use ear plugs while you are bathing."

A client who is middle-aged has impaired vision corrected with reading glasses. Which vision impairment does the nurse place in the client's medical history?

Presbyopia

The health-care provider is examining a client who reports headache and intermittent diplopia since experiencing a head injury. Funduscopic examination reveals unclear and undefined borders of the optic disc. Which immediate response is expected from the health-care provider?

Prescribing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the brain

A client arrives in the emergency department exhibiting the manifestations of anaphylactic shock from a bee sting. The nurse determines the sting and reaction occurred approximately 45 minutes prior to arrival. Vital signs are blood pressure (BP) 100/72 mm Hg, respiratory rate (RR) 22 breaths/min, pulse (P) 80 beats/min. Urinary catheter drains 20 mL of urine. Which stage of shock does the nurse identify?

Progressive stage

The nurse is providing client teaching about treatment needed for a grade 2 ankle sprain. Which type of acute treatment does the nurse teach to the client?

Protect, rest, ice, compression, and elevation (PRICE)

Which are the causes of secondary gout? Select all that apply.

Psoriasis Neoplastic disease Glycogen storage disease

While reviewing an x-ray of the fingers of a client, the nurse observes that the end of the bone is whittled down to a sharp point. Which musculoskeletal disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?

Psoriatic arthritis

The primary care provider recommends measuring the trabecular bone density in a client's spine. For which diagnostic test does the nurse prepare the client?

Quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) scan

While assessing a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse abducts the client's arm to 90 degrees and places anteriorly directed force on the posterior humeral head from behind. Which test is the nurse performing?

Relocation test

Which statement is true regarding rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease.

Which are the conditions associated with congenital cataracts? Select all that apply.

Rubella Syphilis Toxoplasmosis Cytomegalovirus

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the emergency department for life-threatening hypoxemia. The nurse learns the client has developed a systemic infection related to a lung infection. Which stage of the disease progression is the nurse observing in the client?

Sepsis

A client presents with joint pain and limited range of motion (ROM) in the right shoulder. The client has a history of rheumatoid arthritis but states the pain in the shoulder is much worse than usual. Aspiration of synovial fluid indicates the presence of septic arthritis. Which intervention does the nurse include on the client's plan of care?

Short-term joint immobilization for pain control

The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with Pott's disease. Which possible complication does the nurse associate with the diagnosis?

Spinal deformity with instability

Which are the forms of psoriatic arthritis? Select all that apply.

Spondylitis Arthritis mutilans Distal interphalangeal (DIP) predominant

A client with osteoporosis was prescribed teriparatide therapy. Which outcome indicates the therapeutic effect of the medication has been achieved?

Strengthening of the bone

The nurse is providing care for a client being treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) for a major infection. The health-care provider prescribes monitoring of the blood glucose levels. Which condition does the nurse associate with the prescribed care?

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome

The nurse is providing care for a client admitted to the hospital for complications related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which manifestation causes the nurse to monitor the client for the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)?

Temperature of 96.2°F (35.7°C)

A client reports an inability to hear any sounds after takeoff during airplane flight to the nurse. Which does the nurse conclude from the client's statement?

The Eustachian tube is malfunctioning.

A client reports pain and immobility of the wrist. On assessment, the nurse finds decreased range of motion (ROM), edema, and ecchymosis of the distal radius. The health-care provider recommends a neurovascular examination for confirmation. Which information does the nurse expect to infer from these findings?

The client has a Smith fracture.

The nurse is using an Amsler grid to assess the vision of a client. The client tells the nurse, "I am noticing black spots while looking through the grid." Which interpretation does the nurse associate with the assessment finding?

The client has age-related macular degeneration.

While assessing the eye of a client, the nurse finds that the skin around the eye is flaking, and the client has greasy eyelids that appear scaly. Which interpretation does the nurse make from these findings?

The client has blepharitis.

The nurse is assessing the eyes of a client and finds red, watery eyes with purulent exudates and obstruction in the nasolacrimal duct. Which condition does the nurse identify from these findings?

The client has dacryocystitis.

The nurse reviews a culture report on a client's ear secretions, which identifies the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas bacterial strains. The client initially presented with pain, tenderness, and itching on the auricle. Which conclusion does the nurse conclude from these findings?

The client has otitis externa.

A client reports symptoms of severe headache, vomiting, and double vision. After assessing the client, the nurse determines the client has swelling of the optic nerve. Which interpretation does the nurse associate with these findings?

The client has papilledema.

During assessment of a client, the nurse finds the client has blurred vision and swelling of the optic disc. Which condition does the nurse interpret from the findings?

The client has papilledema.

The nurse is assessing a confused client admitted to the emergency department with decreased urinary output and cyanotic fingers. The nurse finds decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, increased respiratory rate, and hypothermia. The laboratory report shows respiratory acidosis. Which condition does the nurse interpret from the findings?

The client has septic shock.

While reviewing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports of a client who has a hearing impairment, the nurse notes the prescence of a tumor associated with the auditory nerve. During additional assessment, the nurse finds the client is positive for the Romberg test. Which diagnosis does the nurse anticipate?

The client has vestibular schwannoma.

A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia and undergoes therapy to correct the vitamin D deficiency and normalize phosphate levels. Which outcome indicates the successful completion of therapy?

The client is able to walk up and down stairs comfortably.

The nurse is caring for a client with degenerative disc disease (DDD). Which outcome indicates effective chiropractic therapy?

The client's discs are realigned.

A client reports difficulty hearing. The nurse finds that the client's external ear exhibits a cause for the altered function. Which finding in the client supports the nurse's finding?

The eardrum is inflamed.

In order to maintain a high level of understanding about skeletal muscles, the nurse reviews anatomy and physiology concepts. Which recall of information indicates the effectiveness of the nurse's review?

The individual muscle fibers of skeletal muscle are arranged in bundles called fascicles.

While performing confirmatory tests for brain death in a client, the radiographic technician places a probe at the temporal bone above the zygomatic arch or at the vertebrobasilar arteries through the suboccipital window. Which test is being done on the client through this intervention?

Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography

The health-care provider is assessing a client presenting with eye irritation, excessive tearing, and eye dryness. The health-care provider diagnoses the client with ectropion. Which physical manifestation does the nurse expect to observe in the client?

Turning of the eyelid outward, revealing the conjunctiva

The nurse is providing care for a client with a perforated tympanic membrane after a scuba diving event. Which treatment is best for the health-care provider to recommend?

Tympanic membrane surgery

The nurse is assessing a child who exhibits the manifestations of otitis media. Which additional finding does the nurse associate with otitis media?

Upper respiratory tract infection

The nurse is teaching a client with age-related macular degeneration about the necessary measures to improve the condition. Which statements made by the client indicate effective learning? Select all that apply.

1. "I should maintain a low-fat diet." 3. "I should take folic acid supplements." 4. "I should wear wraparound sunglasses."

The nurse confirms an older adult client is experiencing presbycusis. Which contributing factors does the nurse attribute to the client's condition? Select all that apply.

1. Age that is older than 50 years 3. Loss of hair cells in the cochlea

A client is diagnosed with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Which physiological changes does the nurse suspect in the client with this condition? Select all that apply.

1. Increased heart rate 3. Increased cardiac output 4. Increased respiratory rate

The nurse is assessing a group of clients in an acute care setting. Which clients are at risk of developing hypovolemic shock? Select all that apply.

1. The clients with ascites 3. The clients with severe burns

The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the inner ear. Which parts of the inner ear does the nurse associate with the membranous labyrinth? Select all that apply.

1. Utricle 2. Saccule

A parent of a child reports the child is irritable, tugs the ear, and has poor feeding behaviors. On assessment, the nurse finds the child has a red and bulged tympanic membrane. Which other findings in the child is the nurse most likely observe? Select all that apply.

1. Vomiting 3. Runny nose

The nurse is assessing the physiological variables in a client with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) using the APACHE II scoring system. During assessment, the nurse finds a temperature of 107.6°F (42°C), heart rate of 150 bpm, serum sodium levels of 125 mEq/L, serum potassium levels as 3.2 mmol/L, and a mean arterial pressure of 80 mm Hg. What total score does the nurse record from these findings? Record your answer as a whole number. ____________________

10

While assessing the responses of a client using the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse finds the client opening their eyes spontaneously, verbalizing inappropriate but comprehensible words, and withdrawing from a painful stimulus. How many total points does the nurse document in the client's assessment record based on these findings? Record your answer as a whole number. ____________________

11

The laboratory report of a client with a bone infection shows an abscess below the bone surface. Which stage of bone infection does the nurse recognize in the client?

2

Which medications does the nurse find in the prescriptions of a client diagnosed with anaphylactic shock? Select all that apply.

2. Antihistamines 4. Glucocorticoids

Which characteristic signs does the nurse refer to while teaching about Beck's triad? Select all that apply.

2. Low blood pressure 3. Distant heart sounds 5. High jugular venous pressure

Which are the events that occur during the initial stage of shock? Select all that apply.

2. The sympathetic nervous system is triggered. 5. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is triggered.

A client reports hearing loss to the nurse. With assessment, the nurse suspects the client has Ménière's disease. Which statements does the nurse anticipate from the client? Select all that apply.

3. "The room is spinning around me." 4. "I hear buzzing and ringing sounds in my ear."

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports for a child diagnosed with a middle ear infection. Which bacterial strains listed in the laboratory reports is the nurse likely to expect? Select all that apply.

3. Moraxella catarrhalis 4. Haemophilus influenzae 5. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Arrange the steps involved in maintaining the calcium balance in the body in the order they occur. 1. Release of calcium 2. Activation of osteoblasts 3. Activation of osteoclasts 4. Increased calcitonin level 5. Increased parathyroid hormone

53142

Place the events associated with fracture healing in the order they occur. (Enter the number of each step in the proper sequence; do not use commas or spaces.) 1. Remodeling 2. Callus formation 3. Lamellar bone deposition 4. Granulation tissue formation 5. Fracture and inflammatory phase

54231

What is the percentage of intensive care unit (ICU) mortality of a client with sepsis if the APACHE II score is 28?

55%

While assessing the responses of a client using the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse finds that the client opens the eyes in response to voice, and verbalizes incomprehensible sounds, but does not speak any words and has no movement or posturing. What total possible points does the nurse calculate based on these findings? Record your answer as a whole number. ____________________

6

The nurse is addressing treatment for a client diagnosed with profound hearing loss. The nurse is recommending digital hearing aids and the benefits of learning lip reading and/or sign language. Which hearing test result is the nurse addressing?

90 decibels

Which treatment does the nurse expect to be beneficial for a client diagnosed with Lyme disease?

A 10- to 21-day course of doxycycline

The nurse is providing care for an older adult client with a history of diabetes mellitus. The client presents with chills, fever, and malaise. The nurse notes localized tenderness, erythema, edema, and pain with movement of the lower right extremity. Which additional assessment information is most likely to support the presence of an infection?

A knee replacement surgery

After multiple follow-up visits, the nurse finds that a client with persistent otitis media for 12 weeks is not improved using the initial treatment regimen. Which intervention is the nurse most likely expecting to be prescribed?

A tympanostomy

Which are the common predisposing factors that cause cervical strain? Select all that apply.

Abnormal posture Lifting heavy objects Motor vehicle accidents

The nurse is preparing to discharge a client to a rehabilitation facility after a total hip replacement because of a hip fracture. Which summary of the client's hospitalization best indicates adequate nursing care?

Absence of pulmonary complications

For which reason does the nurse instruct the parents of a young girl to reduce the use of sunblock and cover-ups with their child?

Absorption of calcium by the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is inhibited by the overuse of sunblock and cover-ups.

The nurse assigns a double-point score for serum creatinine while calculating the physiological variables of a client with septic shock. For which condition is a double-point score assigned?

Acute renal failure

Which eye disorders are associated with autoimmune disorders? Select all that apply.

Uveitis Scleritis Keratoconjunctivitissicca

After reviewing the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reports of a client, the health-care provider instructs the nurse to schedule the client for surgery. Which condition in the client is likely responsible for this prescription?

Vestibular schwannoma

The nurse finds pulmonary infiltrates in the chest x-ray reports of a client. The arterial blood gas (ABG) reports show hypoxemia, and a white blood cell (WBC) with differential count shows leukocytosis. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client, based on these findings?

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of gout. Which medication in the client's prescription does the nurse suspect to decrease uric acid synthesis?

Allopurinol

The nurse finds that a client with a musculoskeletal disorder has pain in the malleolar zone. The client is also unable to bear weight for more than four steps. Which does the nurse expect the health-care provider to prescribe?

Ankle x-ray

The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with iritis and pulmonary fibrosis. Which condition does the nurse associate with the client's diagnosis?

Ankylosing spondylitis

When assessing a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse finds lack of sensation in the dermatome areas of the lower extremity L5. The nurse suspects lumbar sprain/strain. Which does the nurse expect the health-care provider to prescribe in this situation?

Anteroposterior and lateral x-rays of the lumbar spine

While reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who presented with hearing loss, the nurse notes the presence of inflammation in the membranous labyrinth. The client also reports vertigo and loss of balance. Which treatment strategy does the nurse anticipate to be most beneficial to the client?

Antibiotics and meclizine

The registered nurse is evaluating the performance of a student nurse performing a valgus stress test on a client whose leg is slightly abducted. Which intervention does the registered nurse correct before it can be performed by the student nurse?

Applying valgus stress with the knee at 90 degrees of flexion

The nurse is caring for a client with Lyme disease. Which symptoms in the client lead the nurse to suspect early localized disease? Select all that apply.

Arthralgia Bull's-eye rash Lymphadenopathy

The nurse is performing a physical examination on a client with a suspected musculoskeletal disorder. Which is the first nursing intervention performed during the examination?

Assessing general appearance, contour, and symmetry

The nurse is performing a follow-up assessment on a client being treated for back pain. The client reports that long-term treatment with naproxen is moderately effective and the addition of aspirin is providing better pain management. Which testing is the nurse likely to request for this client?

Auditory testing

A client is diagnosed with degenerative disc disease. Which form of physical therapy does the nurse anticipate the health-care provider will prescribe to reduce the movement of the spine and enhance the healing process?

Braces

In which manner is glucose uptake blocked in the periphery during shock?

By decreased levels of incretins

A client who is middle-aged comes to a clinic and reports knee pain. The client states, "I don't understand. I walk to and from work every day and climb three flights of steps to my office." Besides age, the nurse's assessment reveals the client is slightly overweight, and the knees are warm to the touch and slightly edematous. Which contributing factor to the client's manifestation does the nurse suspect?

Cartilage deterioration from excess weight bearing

A client has a painful, swollen eyelid and reports severe pain on exposure to sunlight. The health-care provider prescribes surgical excision for the client. Which eye infection does the nurse identify in the client?

Chalazion

The nurse is reviewing the medical records of four clients. Which client's medical record indicates the need to perform the McMurray test to assess the condition?

Client 1- Injury to menisci

The nurse is caring for four clients diagnosed with different musculoskeletal disorders. Which client requires treatment with calcitonin, calcium or vitamin D supplements, analgesics, and muscle relaxants?

Client 4- Vertebral compression fracture

The nurse is providing care for a client with a lower extremity fracture immobilized by a cast. Which complication does the nurse identify if assessment reveals tissue ischemia, functional impairment, and pain level disproportionate to the injury?

Compartment syndrome

While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures, the nursing instructor says, "This fracture is characterized by the crushing of cancellous bone." Which type of fracture is the nursing instructor describing?

Compression

A client tells the nurse, "I am unable to tolerate light and have a gritty sensation in my eye." The health-care provider prescribes a fluorescent dye test for the client. Which condition does the nurse anticipate in the client?

Corneal abrasion

A client with rheumatoid arthritis has purplish-red coloration in the eye and reports severe eye pain, which radiates to the eyebrow and jaw. Which treatment strategy is beneficial for the client?

Corticosteroids

A client reports feelings of instability with head movement while standing. Which cranial nerve does the nurse suspect is involved in the client's manifestations?

Cranial nerve VIII

After assessing a client with a musculoskeletal disorder, the nurse concludes that the client has skeletal injuries. Which characteristics observed in the client support the nurse's conclusion? Select all that apply.

Crepitus Numbness Tingling sensation

The nurse in a pediatric clinic identifies an infant with rickets. The mother, who is from a Middle Eastern culture, has been exclusively breastfeeding the infant since birth. Which most probable cause does the nurse recognize?

Cultural practices contribute to the diagnosis.

Which finding indicates the client has acute angle closure glaucoma?

Cup-to-disc ratio of 1.0

After assessing the skin color and mental status of a client, the nurse concludes that the client is experiencing cardiac shock. Which finding observed in the client supports the nurse's conclusion?

Cyanotic; anxious

After assessing a client with spinal stenosis, the health-care provider orders immediate decompression surgery. Which symptom in the client did the health-care provider likely observe?

Diminished bowel and bladder function

A nurse is caring for a client whose lumbar spinal nerve 4 (L4) is affected by degenerative disc disease (DDD). Which assessment finding does the nurse anticipate in the client?

Diminished patella reflex

Which diagnostic test does the nurse expect the health-care provider to prescribe to confirm a diagnosis of osteoporosis?

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan

The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a school-age client. When assessing the client's eyes, the nurse notes strabismus, eye redness, white spots in the pupil, and an absence of red reflex in both eyes. Which treatment strategy does the nurse expect will be beneficial for the client?

Enucleation surgery

What are the modifiable risk factors for vertebral compression fracture? Select all that apply.

Estrogen deficiency Presence of osteoporosis

The nurse is obtaining a health history from a female client who is 70 years of age. The client has experienced two bone fractures over the past 5 years, one from an auto accident and the other from a fall on ice. Which information most strongly supports a concern about osteoporosis?

Experienced a total hysterectomy at age 35

A client reports to a health-care provider a decrease in the ability to see faces and to read over a period of several months. Medical history reveals treatment for high cholesterol and a smoking habit of one pack of cigarettes daily. Which diagnosis is the health-care provider most likely to associate with the client's condition?

Exudative AMD

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client. Which physiological disorder does the nurse recognize with a medical diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis?

Frozen shoulder

Which is an intestinal hormone that increases cellular sensitivity to insulin during shock?

Glucagon-like peptide 1(GLP-1)

The radiographic reports of a client reveal inflammation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe. Which disorder should the nurse suspect in the client?

Gout

A client reports sensations of dry and irritated eyes. After examination, the health-care provider diagnoses the client with exophthalmos. Which most common cause of this condition does the nurse identify?

Hyperthyroidism

A client presents with a swollen left thigh and a lower extremity that appears shortened. Which is the client's most likely condition recognized by the nurse?

Impacted femur shaft fracture

Which condition is related to ankylosing spondylitis?

Inflammation at the point where tendons and ligaments join the bone around a joint

A client is diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which complications does the nurse expect to be present in the client? Select all that apply.

Inflammation of the eyes Scarring throughout the lungs Inflammation of joints in the extremities

The nurse finds accumulation of yellow-brown-colored earwax in the client's ear canal while assessing a client who reports hearing difficulty. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Irrigate or use a curette to remove the earwax.

For which reason is a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scan used for a client with a musculoskeletal disorder?

It visualizes the bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and vertebrae.

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client. Which pathogen does the nurse recognize as causing ankylosing spondylitis?

Klebsiella pneumoniae

The nurse is assisting the health-care provider while performing some specific maneuvers in a client with a knee injury. The health-care provider stabilizes the client's distal femur with one hand, grasps the proximal tibia with the other hand, and then attempts to sublux the tibia anteriorly. Which maneuver is the health-care provider performing?

Lachman test

A client has a skin rash presenting as an oval-shaped and red-colored lesion. On assessment, the nurse finds enlargement of lymph nodes in this client. Which condition does the nurse suspect in the client?

Lyme disease

While assessing a client with glaucoma, the nurse uses a tonometry instrument. Which clinical information does the nurse document from this instrument?

Measurement of intraocular pressure

The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. When assessing the client's eyes, the nurse notes a change in the pupil when examined with a pen light. Which reaction indicates normal functioning?

Miosis

A client reports difficulty with hearing. The nurse performs a hearing test and discovers the client cannot hear any sounds softer than 44 dB. Which type of hearing loss does the nurse record on the client's chart?

Moderate hearing loss

The nurse is providing care for a client after major surgery requiring multiple blood transfusions. The health-care provider prescribes frequent laboratory testing. The nurse is asked to call immediately if the client exhibits any manifestations of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Which early assessment finding warrants an immediate call from the nurse?

Mottling and coolness of the extremities

The nurse is providing care for a client with suspected rickets. For which diagnostic testing does the nurse prepare the client?

Multiple-view x-ray studies

The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. The nurse prepares the client for which most definitive diagnostic test?

Muscle biopsy

On reviewing a client's eyeglass prescription, the nurse finds that the client is prescribed concave lenses for the treatment of impaired vision. Which condition does the nurse identify in the client?

Myopia

While reviewing the laboratory reports of a client, the nurse finds an increased volume of endolymph fluid in the inner ear. On further examination, the nurse finds that the client is positive for the Romberg test. Which pathological condition does the nurse anticipate in the client?

Ménière's disease

After assessing the best motor response of a client using the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse documents the score as 6. Which response of the client supports the nurse's documentation?

Obeys command to move

While examining a client's ear through a pneumatic otoscope, the nurse notes decreased movement of the tympanic membrane in the client. Additional assessment reveals pharyngeal erythema and rhinorrhea in the client. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for the client?

Obtaining a specimen for a throat culture

Which physiological process takes place more rapidly after an individual is 30 years of age?

Osteoclastic activity

The nurse is providing care for a client with a bone fracture. Which cells does the nurse identify as being involved in the healing of a bone?

Osteoprogenitor cells

Which condition in a client is a cause of cauda equina syndrome?

Paget's disease

Which are signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal trauma? Select all that apply.

Paresthesia Joint clicking Joint swelling

A nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. For which test does the nurse prepare the client?

X-ray

Which eye disorder is associated with irregular clumping of proteinaceous substances within the lens?

cataract

The school nurse notices a number of children exhibiting redness and drainage of the eyes along with complaints of itching. For which suspected eye infection does the school nurse send the affected children home?

conjunctivitis

On reviewing the laboratory reports of a client with an eye infection, the nurse finds that the client has Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Which parts of the eye are inflamed? Select all that apply.

cornea and conjunctiva

Which part of the ear conducts sound waves to the tympanic membrane?

external ear

Which vision impairment is associated with elongation of the eyeball?

myopia

Which type of shock occurs as a result of injury to the spinal cord or brain?

neurogenic

The nurse is caring for a client whose bone mineral density is -2 based on a T-score value, which compares the client's bone mineral density to the mean for young adult women. Which condition does this score indicate?

osteopenia

The nurse observes that an older adult client has a hunched back. Which disorder does the nurse suspect?

osteoporosis

The laboratory report for a client shows elevated levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Which musculoskeletal disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?

polymyalgia rheumatica

A client exhibits pitting, ridging, and separation of nails from the nail bed. Which musculoskeletal disorder does the nurse suspect in the client?

psoriatic arthritis

Which disorders result from vitamin D deficiency? Select all that apply.

rickets, osteomalacia

Which type of joint is the shoulder joint classified as? Select all that apply.

synovial, diarthrosis

Which hormone indirectly helps in the formation of bone by stimulating muscle growth?

testosterone

When assessing a client's muscle strength using the Lovett scale, the nurse finds the client has no joint motion with palpable contraction of the muscle. Which grade does the nurse assign to the client based on this finding?

trace