Patterson Ch.8

in spite of the founding fathers beliefs about them

political parties began to emerge in the United States

open

A state that permits all registered voters, regardless of party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system?

they connect citizens with government

In politics, what re linkage institutions?

Republican Party

Opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?

two-party

The United States government functions as a ____________ system.

factional parties

Third parties that break off from one of the two dominant parties are known as

winner-take-all system

What is another name for the plurality system?

the Great Depression

Which of the following led to the start of the political party realignment in the 1930s that worked to the benefit of the Democratic Party?

build support among voters

All party organizations have a responsibility to

more

Although state parties do not work full time, they are _______ like to have full-time employees than local parties.

primary

An election in which voters chose the party nominees is call a __________ election.

broad

In general, political parties are made up of a _______ constituency of supporters.

gender

The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a

-increased the importance of money in political campaigns -made it easier for political newcomers to win high office

The rise of candidate-centered campaigns has

median voter theory

This theory argues that a party can maximize its vote by placing itself at the location of the middle voters preference.

-pollsters -campaign strategist -media producers

Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?

set up and tun their own campaign organizations

Today, political candidates tend to

prospective

Voting for a candidates promises rather than his to her past actions is an example of what is called ________________ voting.

-it allows groups of voters to act in unison -it narrows down options for voters

What purpose does party competition serve in American politics?

The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.

Which is a reason why some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?

-parties seek to govern -parties endeavor to represent a majority

Which of the following are considered functions of a political party?

-primary elections -candidate-centered campaigns

Which of the following factors have contributed to the weakening of party organizations?

-18-29 year olds -union members -African Americans

Which of the following groups are currently most likely part of the Democratic coalition?

all white males

Which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the Jacksonian Era?

-kansas -florida -nevada

Which of the following states have closed primaries?

-candidates organize their own campaigns -the same parties are represented nationwide

Which of the following statements describe how U.S. campaigns are both party centered and candidate centered?

-drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates -encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party

Even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?

political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives

In a proportional representation system, which of the following is true?

state governments

In order to raise enough funds for their campaigns, political candidates raise money from all of the following groups except

split ticket

On a ________, citizens vote for candidates from different parties.

-democratic party -Republican party

The Civil War triggered a party realignment. What were the two major parties following this realignment period?

smaller government that performs fewer social welfare functions

The Republican Party has advocated for a

party coalition

The groups and interests that support a political party are collectively referred to as a

media

The largest expenditure in presidential campaigns is for which of the following

-negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office -Abraham Lincoln was the target insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true?

picked by the party organization

Until the early 20th century, the major party nominees for president were selected via this method?

-they contact prospective voters on Election Day -they rely on organizations to spread the word

How do candidates encourage people to vote on Election Day?

-they provide opportunities for power interest groups to donate money to candidates -they make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions

Which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidate centered campaigns?

-to raise money for presidential campaigns -to seek media coverage of party positions and activities -to raise money for Congressional campaigns

Which of the following are totes that national political parties have?

-they are open to all citizens -they operate at the local level

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

-amount of money required -length of the campaign -focus of the campaign

Which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?

primary elections

Which of the following contributed to the decline of the old system of party organizations?

black americans

Which of the following voting blocs has moved heavily into the Democratic Party since the 1960s?

-George McGovern -Barry Goldwater

Which two candidates for president lost in overwhelming landslide in part because they diverged too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum?

-democratic-republicans -federalists

Which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?

ideologically oriented parties

Which type of third party is highly organized around a framework concerning the nature and roles of government in society?