pbs PRACTICE exam final
The heart is made of muscle and has ____ chambers
4
A person is found dead by a neighbor. What career is involved in notifying the police and calling an ambulance
911 operator
chromosomes are made of ___ and are found in the ___ of cells
DNA/nucleus
What person is responsible for providing short-term care for people being transported to the hospital
EMT
The left atria and ventricle of the heart contain ____ blood and the right atria and ventricle contain _____ blood.
Oxygenated and deoxygenated
A young patient has an increased thirst and is very fatigued. The doctors tell their patient that their pancreas is not functioning properly. This patient most likely has
Type 1 diabetes
A new type of bacteria invades a human body for the first time. Which component of the immune system is most likely to attack the bacteria first? a. antibodies b. neutrophils c.macrophages D. killer T-cells
a
The energy we get from food is measured in ___________. a.calories b.grams c.atoms d.degrees
a
Which of the following foods would have the both fat and protein? a. hamburger patty b. Pasta c.Marshmallows d. apples
a
Why do scientists load DNA of known sizes into agarose gel? a.It makes it easier to determine sizes of unknowns using comparison techniques. b.To fill in all the slots on the gel so you can run it. c.To practice loading the DNA before you get to the important DNA> d.So you know how long the gel needs to run.
a
which of the following refers to the disorder when a person has too few rbc's?
anemia
The blood from the left ventricle travels through the ____ valve and then trough the ____
aortic, aorta
An examination of the body after death that indicates a dissection of vital organs ti determine cause of death is an
autopsy
Fill in the blanks: After a meal, glucose levels increase in the blood causing the (1)__________ gland to release (2)____________ hormone which targets all cells to uptake (3)___________ from the blood. a.(1) pancreas, (2) glucagon, (3) glucose b.(1) pancreas, (2) insulin, (3) glucose c.(1) liver, (2) glucagon, (3) glycogen d.(1) pituitary, (2) insulin, (3) glucose
b
If every humans DNA is made of the same 4 nucleotide bases, then the reason we have differences is a. amount of hydrogen bonds b. order of nucleotides c. order of sugars and phosphates d. amount of base pairs
b
In sickle cell anemia, one base pair is mutated. As a result, the amino acid ____ has been replaced with _____ a.Guanine, valine b.Glutamic acid, valine c.Adenine, glutamic acid d.Glycine, valine
b
Which of the following positions is typically filled by that of a physician? a. Coroner b.Medical Examiner c. Dienerd d. Medical Student
b
A diet that helps keep blood cholesterol levels in check includes:
bread, cereals, and potatoes
Which of the following statements is NOT true for an A1c Test? a.The results describe the average amount of glucose in the blood over the last few months b.Used to minimize the complications arising from elevated blood glucose levels. c.A1c tests should be performed daily by the diabetic patient. d.A1c results are reported as a percentage.
c
hydrophobicity is important to an amino acid because a.It determines the unique sequence of mRNA b.It determines the function of the protein c.It determines the shape of the protein d.It is only important when the coding region on the DNA is an exon
c
You have a big race coming up in a few weeks. As you prepare you are really training hard and need a lot of energy. The best thing for you to eat during this training session is protein and
carbs
The levels of organization in the body include
cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems
time of death can be determined by measuring
core body temperature
Normal blood sugar levels are in the range of ________________. a.425-500mg/dL b.600-900mg/dL c.20-30mg/dL d.75-125mg/dL
d
What is the primary purpose of an autopsy? a.To examine the dead body b.To discover the cause of death c.To determine contributing factors to the cause of death d.All of the above
d
Which body system is mist closely associated with support and protection of the body organs? a. lymphatic b. musculatory c. endocrine d. skeletal
d
which body system is most closely associated with transport and delivery? a. nervous b. integumentary c. respiratory d. cardiovascular
d
which of the following is NOT a common bacterial shape a. coccus b. bacillus c. spirillum d. filamentous
d
Which of the following best illustrates the increasing levels of complexity? (1) cells, (2) organs, (3) organelles, (4) organism, (5) tissues, (6) organs syetems a. 1,5,3,2,6,4 b. 1,3,2,5,4,6 c. 3,1,2,5,4,6 d. 3,1,5,2,6,4
d.
what systems main role is waste removal?
digestive
What effect on the body does a lack of insulin have? a.cells can't uptake glucose b.water will leave the cells c.the body can't produce ATP d.all of the above e.a and c
e
The nervous system communicates using _____ signals, while the endocrine system communicates using _____ signals
electrical, hormonal
A physician who works with patients having hormone imbalances is called an
endocrinologist
A person with the FH mutation has
familial hypercholesteralemia
the disease that is caused due to a single mutation in the LDL receptorand is inherited as an autosomal dosease
familial hyperglycemia
What is a function of a white blood cell
fights infections
Which of the following is an acceptable level for HDL in your blood?
greater than 60 mg/dL
What structure on the red blood cell carries oxygen
hemoglobin
cholesterol is ____ and ____ in your blood stream
hydrophobic, cannot dissolve
A diabetic passes out at a party you are attending. You know that she had exercised earlier in the day and hadn't eaten since. She is mist likely experiencing
hypoglycemia
A young man has a problem with the insulin receptors on his cell. they are no longer functioning properly; therefore insulin cannot bind to the receptor. This will lead to
increased blood sugar
The hormone released by the pancreas that raises blood sugar levels when they are low is
insulin
In the pulmonary arteries, the blood
is deoxygenated and going away from the lungs
What is the action of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)?
it causes blockages in the blood vessels
What is the action of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)?
it keeps cholesterol from building up in your arteries.
What is the action of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)?
it keeps cholesterol from building up in your blood vessels
what characteristic separates DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis?
length of fragment
The insulin/glucose feedback look is an example of
negative feedback
scientist are able to produce millions of copies of a specific DNA sequence from a a small amount of DNA through
polymerase chain reaction
when running a gel electrophoresis, DNA will migrate towards the _____ end because DNA has a ____ charge
positive,negative
Diastolic measures
pressure during ventricle relaxation
while performing a gram stain, gram positive bacteria should look which color after washing with ethanol?
purple
A person who's blood pressure is 135/90 and has a heart rate of 140 has probably just done what
ran 2 miles
Sickle cell anemia causes an abnormal shape of the
red blood cell
DNA is cut at specific nucleotide sequences by
restriction enzymes
Gel electrophoresis is used to separate the fragments of DNA. The larger pieces of DNA will travel through the gel
slower than the smaller fragments
The energy we obtain from our food comes from
storing the glycogen as glucose
a blood pressure reading 120/80 indicates
systolic pressure of 120
What is the function of platelets
to form blood clots
Proteins are produced through the process of _____ followed by _____
transcription, translation
The patient mentioned above has
type 2 diabetes
The structures of the heart responsible for preventing blood from flowing in the wrong direction
valves
What does the P wave in an EKG represent
ventricle repolarization
the ______ is a person that has been harmed by a crime
victim
Factors that seem to play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes include
weight, lifestyle, and heredity