PD QUIZ 2

• Japanese fabrics utilize auspicious colors • In china and Japan, consumers associate gray with inexpensive products, while gray connotes quality in the U.S. • Conversely the color purple is considered cheap in U.S. and expensive in Asian Countries

...

Color trends evolve Consider their target customers

1. Who they are 2. What they bought last season- to project, to the best of their ability, what customers will want next

• Within this limited range, we are capable of distinguishing about

10 million variations of color

las vegas magic show fall 2014

36 colors 4 key themes • Provincial picnic • Glam Grunge • Spice Tail • Mod world

• Human eye perceives wavelengths in a range of

400 to 700 nanometers as color

file with a color key of all colors that appear within the print

CAD

is a visual fabric reference with color code data to which dyed samples can be measured and compared for accurate color reproduction

COLOR standard

color decisions are made best based on

Consumer demand and production efficiencies

technology allows companies to display photographic quality images on calibrated screens and to modify them as required

Datacolor's colorize imagemaster

is the perceived change in color between a pair of samples • Two samples that are considered a match under one light source and not a match under another

Illuminant metamerism

COMMERCIALLY COLOR-MATCHING SYSTEMS (3)

SCOTDIC The Pantone Matching System Color Solutions International CSI (London)

whatever the source it must be

STANDARDIZED!

MAINTAINING COLOR INTEGRITY THROUGHOUT THE SUPPLY CHAIN by...

Technology allowing color managers to approve lab dips on computer screen

• Red-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, blue-purple, and red-purple

Tertiary colors

Product developers at different fashion levels may interpret that color differently

Within any given market there are customers who are more fashion-forward and others who are more conservative

Once a color concept is determined,

a color standard must be specified

color approval process

a master list is developed that identifies colors by • brand • name • delivery • color code that correlated to the color system

Once seasonal color standards are selected

a master list is developed that identifies colors by brand, color name, delivery, and the color code that correlates to the color system used

Pigments are

absorbed

• use one color with shades of black and white

accented neautral

• 2-4 colors that sit next to each other

anagolous

colors positioned next to each other on the color wheel

analogous

Black, white, gray are neutral

archomatic

must understand these nuances and have the most up-to-date equipment if color approvals are to be made digitally

certified color partners

gray to saturated

chroma

refers to color saturation, or degree of departure from the neutral of the same value

chroma

Colors that have hue are called

chromatic

is the visual perception of certain wavelengths of light by the retina of the eye

color

must be performed on each color used and on each specific fabrication

color approvals

refers to color that is perceived to match a standard regardless of the light source

color constancy

refers to how colors are used in combination in patterns, prints, or ensembles . Appealing to the EYE

color harmonies

is the process of controlling the outcome of a color, from the initial concept (a chip, swatch, yarn, or sample) to the final production output, in a way that is acceptable to the consumer

color management

identifies the range of color that can be prodded on a given material such as paper, cotton, wool, polyester, or silk in some cases the dye formulae to obtain that color

color matching system

allow each partner in the supply chain to match the component it is producing to the same standard

color standards

are available on cotton, polyester, wool, and silk although not every specification system offers all four substrates

color standards for textiles and apparel

is used to describe a color's apparent warmth or coolness in relation to another color -based on consumer demand!

color temperature

other colors or different color combinations) may shrink differently during processing or pressing, giving each color way a slightly different fit

colorways

approval processes have developed clear tolerances, expressed in reflectance data, as to when a color can be approved or not

companies that have adopted digital color

colors opposite each other on the color wheel

complementary

STIMULATES THE PURCHASE OF MULTIPLE ITEMS

coordinates

refers to groups of items that are designed to stimulate the purchase of multiple pieces (skirt or pant that pairs with shirt or sweater and a jacket)

coordinates

IS THE PREFERRED SUBSTRATE FOR TEXTILE COLOR SPECIFICATION SYSTEMS

cotton

result in a matte version of the color

cotton and wool substrates

first introduce a new color trend

couture

black/ absorbs

darkest color

Accurate color management depends on inputting measurable color standards so that they can be translated digitally for accurate output

digital color approval

takes weeks off the product development calendar and allows designers to make critical decisions closer to the actual selling season

digital color communication

• a paint chip, piece of fabric, a hank of yarns, or a photo From that impression it must be translated into a standard that the entire supply chain can understand

each color starts with

• name their colors to further develop their concept or theme An orange-red might be named flame, or poppy, evoking a visual image

fashion foward companies

single color reading slightly different color under different light sources

flair

The ENTIRE RANGE OF COLROS THA CAN BE ACHIEVED IN A MEDIUM or material is referred to as its color

gamut

weather patterns and regional preferences When marketing globally, color adaptation may be required for cultures where color symbolism is deeply embedded

geographical location

The lightness or darkness of any given color can be measured according to a

gray scale

is the property of light reflected by the object is classified as one of the hue families of the light spectrum

hue

If the color process is a manual one, these samples

lab dips

• Created by Fashion Snoops and displayed in Pantone Colors, the magic show's official color card is available now

las vegas magic show

TINT-color with white

light color

white/reflects

lightest color

Each color is named to identify it throughout the process of *Ordering fabric and materials all the way to selling it to the consumer

managing the color story

Product developers at higher price points may adhere to stricter tolerances than

mass merchant

aging customers who have their skin and hair changing and want colors that are more middle toned that make them look and feel younger rather than neutrals 50+

mature

neutrals

menswear

color harmonies utilize a single hue in a variety of tints and shades

monochromatic

• Various shades of a single color

monochrome

Defines color by hue, value, and saturation, as illustrated in 3-dimensional model

munsell

devoted his life to studying color and developed the Munsell Color order system to describe and identify color and color relationships • Most widely used color system today

munsell color system

• use only shades of black and white

neutral

that is designed to ensure that garments do not contain unacceptable levels of things like heavy metals and free formaldehyde at the point of sale

okeo tex

warm-toned skin vs cool-toned skin

personal coloring

is subtractive color the substance that imparts color to another substance

pigment

provide a glossy color standard

polyester and silk

mix together to make white

primary

red blue green

primary

is similar to the gamut that can be achieved with fabric dyes

primary color gamut

conducts further tests to determine the colorfastness requirements

quality assurance

2-4 colors are randomly picked and have no direct relationship to each other

random

Color draws customers in and entices them to a RACK in order to explore other aspects of the garment including fabric and silhouette

seasonal color palette

cyan orange magenta

secondary

mix together to make blacke

secondary

Cyan magenta, yellow, and black- (secondary)

secondary colors

lines appeal to a customer who cannot afford to by multiple pieces at the same time, who has a more causal lifestyle, and who likes to create looks that are more distinctive and individual • Two palette per season

separates

refers to item-driven lines such as men's shirts, turtlenecks, sweatshirts, and polo shirts that are generally purchased as individual piece rather than a coordinated outfit

separates

color mixed with black-decrease in value and darken color Absorbs

shade

which refers to grouping shades together for distribution to specific customers or regions

shade sorting

are generally given two weeks to dye a sample of the actual fabric or trim specified to match the color standard as closely as possible

sourcing partners

materials

substrates

typically utilizes brighter color palettes, children's wear,

swimwear

• 4 colors chosen from every third color on the color wheel

tetrad

• Double complements- use 2 pairs of complementary colors

tetrad variation

• 3 colors chosen from every fourth color on the color wheel

triad

Separate lab dips are submitted for each fabric t or f

true

- is the quality by which we distinguish light colors from dark colors

value

light to dark

value

even after careful color approvals, the shade of a color may still vary within a roll or from lot to lot

visual color approval

lighter-means move the color toward white and darker means move the color toward black Brighter suggests adding more hue and duller suggest moving toward neutral gray

visual color approval

• Awareness of colors that enhance their personal coloring and the confidence to wear colors that are the most becoming • They begin to conform to unwritten dress codes that reflect their multiple life roles • Wearing clothes more than one season

workforce

Their preferences are driven by a need for change. SEASON TO SEASON. NEED FOR CHANGE. DRIVEN

young customers

unique preferences when it comes to color and are most apt to respond to the extremes of color trends, be it gothic or bright, attention-getting colors

young customers

The color range will be influenced by

• How the line is merchandised • The number of deliveries • The fashion and price-point level of the line • The characteristics of the target market

Relating color palettes to target market A well-defined color palette should take into account

• Target market's age and life stage • Fashion level • Coloring • Ethnic diversity • Geography and climate • Garment's function