Pediatrics Infectious diseases and Immunizations Quiz ?'s

Which of the following vaccines is given as a series at the 2, 4, and 6 month well check? A. DTaP B. MMR C. Hep A D. Hep B

A. DTaP

A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 10 mg/kg/dose to a child who weighs 28 lb. The amount available is acetaminophen 120 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

5.3

Which of the following children should you advise to go immediately to the emergency department? A. 6 week old infant with a rectal temperature of 100.8 B. 6 year old with a temperature of 101 and a sore throat C. 12 year old with a temperature of 102 and runny nose D. 12 week old with a rectal temperature of 99.9

A. 6 week old infant with a rectal temperature of 100.8

A nurse is assisting with the admission of a child who has measles. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse initiate? A. Airborne B. Droplet C. Contact D. Protective

A. Airborne

A nurse working in a pediatric clinic is responsible for monitoring and maintaining the vaccinations on site. Which action is NOT appropriate for this nurse to implement? A. Fluctuate refrigerator and freezer temperatures each day. B. Check and record the temperature of the unit twice each day. C. Have a plan for power outages. D. Place bottles of water in each unit to help keep temperatures consistent.

A. Fluctuate refrigerator and freezer temperatures each day.

Which of the following classes of antibiotics are CONTRAINDICATED in young children? A. Fluroquinolones (example: Ciprofloxacin) B. Penicillins (example: Ampicillin) C. Macrolides (example: Azithromycin) D. Cephalosporins (example: Cefdinir)

A. Fluroquinolones (example: Ciprofloxacin)

The nurse is educating an adolescent and her family about the need to avoid contact sports for at least 4 weeks due to the risk of injury to the spleen. This patient most likely has which of the following: A. Infectious Mononucleosis B. Group A streptococcus C. Chlamydia D. Hepatitis C

A. Infectious Mononucleosis

The nurse goes to the emergency room lobby to evaluate a rash. A 5-year-old has patches of vesicles, papules, and crusts on the chest and face. The child says it is very itchy. What is the nurse's next priority action? A. Pull the child back to a negative pressure room and place on airborne precautions until they receive a diagnosis B. Allow the child to wait in the lobby since the virus is likely not contagious now that the rash is present C. Cover the lesions with gauze and place the child in the fast track (less serious) area of the emergency department D. Advise the parents that this is a benign rash and they can wait to see the pediatrician tomorrow if they would like

A. Pull the child back to a negative pressure room and place on airborne precautions until they receive a diagnosis

A nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has a new prescription for an oral antibiotic. Which of following information should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? (Select all that apply.) A. The reason why the child is taking the medication B. Written information about the medication C. Stopping the medication when the child feels better D. The adverse effects of the medication E. Using a kitchen spoon to administer the medication

A. The reason why the child is taking the medication B. Written information about the medication D. The adverse effects of the medication

A child is diagnosed with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) infection of the throat (strep throat). Which item will the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents? A. complete the entire course of antibiotics B. keep the child NPO C. Do not allow the child to play outside while sick D. Do not allow the child to gargle salt water

A. complete the entire course of antibiotics

A parent brings her school-age child to the clinic because the child has a temperature of 100.2°F. The child remains active without other symptoms. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate for the nurse to say to the parents? A. "Take the child's temperature every 2 hours and go to the ER if it reaches 102°F or above." B. "Unless the child is uncomfortable, it is best to let the natural body defenses respond to the infection." C. "Keep the child warm, because shivering often occurs with fever." D. "Alternate aspirin and ibuprofen to help keep the fever down and keep the child comfortable."

B. "Unless the child is uncomfortable, it is best to let the natural body defenses respond to the infection."

A nurse is administering vaccines at a county health immunization clinic. Which of the following clients should the nurse plan to administer the meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) vaccine A. 4 year old child B. 11 year old child C. 2 month old child D. 2 year old toddler

B. 11 year old child

Which immunization plays a large role in preventing the life-threatening disease epiglottitis? A. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) B. Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) C. Hepatitis B D> Polio

B. Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB)

A 6-year-old patient has been diagnosed with erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). He is also being admitted to the hospital for repair of a fracture. As the nurse in charge, you know NOT to assign him to which of the following nurses? A. The nurse with mild cough and congestion today B. The nurse who is 8 weeks pregnant C. The nurse with a 2 year old child at home D. The nurse who has not been immunized for varicella

B. The nurse who is 8 weeks pregnant

It is especially important to teach children in daycare about hand-washing because.... A. Their parents are unlikely to teach them this information B. They have 8 - 10 upper respiratory infections per year and are in close proximity to other children who are sick C. They are under more stress than other children, so get sick easier D. It is required by state guidelines for day care centers

B. They have 8 - 10 upper respiratory infections per year and are in close proximity to other children who are sick

All of the following are symptoms of a "toxic appearing" child EXCEPT: A. lethargy B. crying C. hypoventilation D. cyanosis

B. crying

Which one of these patients should NOT receive live vaccines? A. history of seasonal allergies B. currently undergoing chemotherapy C. concurrent antimicrobial therapy D. mild upper respiratory illness

B. currently undergoing chemotherapy

A child is scheduled to receive the MMR vaccine and the nurse preparing the vaccine reviews the chart. The nurse should question which of the following? A. Recent recovery from cold B. A history of frequent ear infections C. A history of an anaphyalactic reaction to neomycin D. A history of diarrhea following rotavirus vaccine

C. A history of an anaphyalactic reaction to neomycin

_______________ is a CNS disease that can result in paralysis and death but can be prevented by the _________ vaccine that is given in early childhood. A. hepatitis B, HIB B. measles, MMR C. Polio, IPV D. Diptheria, DTaP

C. Polio, IPV

The mother of a 2-month-old in the United States refuses to have her child vaccinated with the injected polio vaccine because she has read that some children can get polio from the vaccine. The nurse's best action would be A. give the vaccine as it is state law and required of all infants B. explain that the risk of getting polio from the vaccine outweights the risk because the child may die if he/she gets polio naturally C. explain that this vaccine is inactivated and therefore, cannot cause an active polio infection D> explain that this vaccine is live, but is given in a modified form so that active disease is not acquired from the vaccine

C. explain that this vaccine is inactivated and therefore, cannot cause an active polio infection

A mother refuses the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine for her child because she believes that letting her child get these diseases will strengthen the immune system. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate for protecting this child's health? A. Honor her request without question because she is the parent. B. Explain that antibodies can fight many diseases. C. Tell her that not immunizing her infant may protect pregnant women. D. Explain that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, there could be very serious and permanent complications from these diseases.

D. Explain that if her child contracts measles, mumps, or rubella, there could be very serious and permanent complications from these diseases.

A 4 month old comes to clinic for a well child check up and immunizations. The child is up to date since their last visit at 2 months. What vaccines should the child get at this time? A. varicella, Hep B B. DTaP, MMR, IPV C. MMR, Hib, DTaP D. Rotavirus, DTaP, Hib, PCV13, IPV

D. Rotavirus, DTaP, Hib, PCV13, IPV

A nurse is preparing to administer the first measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) immunization to a 15-month-old toddler. Which of the following findings is a contraindication for this immunization? A. The child has a cough and a temperature of 37.7° C (99.9° F). B. The child's temperature after the last set of immunizations was 38.3° C (101° F). C. The child is currently taking antibiotics for otitis media. D. The child has a congenital immunodeficiency.

D. The child has a congenital immunodeficiency.

The nurse of a 6 year old patient concludes that his parents treated his fever from an ear infection appropriately. Which of the following components of the history might have led the nurse to this conclusion? A. They used aspirin every four hours to reduce the fever B. They alternated acetaminophen with ibuprofen every two hours C. They put the child in a tub of cold water to reduce the fever D. They offered generous amounts of fluids frequently

D. They offered generous amounts of fluids frequently

Which of the following is a highly contagious viral disease that is characterized by fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots on buccal mucosa and a rash that begins on the face and spreads downward? A. mumps B. scarlet fever C. HIV D. measles

D. measles

A 2-month-old infant receives his immunizations and 12 hours later the mother calls and says that the infant has a fever of 101F / 38C. What is the most likely cause of the fever? A. the MMR vaccine B. the Hib vaccine C. the presence of an infection when immunizations were given D. the pertussis immunization

D. the pertussis immunization

Antibiotics have several possible side effects. These side effects can include all of the following, EXCEPT: A. nausea and diarrhea B. decreased effectiveness of contraceptives C. ototoxicity D. weight gain

D. weight gain