Pediatrics Quiz 3

A) A sunken fontanel

Parents bring their infant to the clinic, seeking treatment for vomiting and diarrhea that has lasted for 2 days. On assessment, the nurse in charge detects dry mucous membranes and lethargy. What other findings suggests a fluid volume deficit? A) A sunken fontanel B) Decreased pulse rate C) Increased blood pressure D) Low urine specific gravity

D) Lumbar Puncture

The adolescent patient has symptoms of meningitis: nuchal rigidity, fever, vomiting, and lethargy. The nurse knows to prepare for the following test: A) Blood Culture B) Throat and Ear Culture C) CT Scan D) Lumbar Puncture

A) Ease child to the floor B) Take vital signs C) Turn child to the side D) Allow child to rest E) Integrate child back into the school environment

A 6-year-old child is having a generalized seizure in the classroom at school. Place in order the interventions the school nurse should implement starting with the highest-priority intervention sequencing to the lowest-priority intervention. A) Ease child to the floor B) Take vital signs C) Turn child to the side D) Allow child to rest E) Integrate child back into the school environment

C) Reduce gastric acid production

A histamine-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine (Tagamet) or ranitidine (Zantac) is ordered for an infant with GERD. The purpose of this is to: A) Prevent reflux B) Prevent hematemesis C) Reduce gastric acid production D) Increase gastric acid production

A) Prevent Infection

A hospitalized child with nephrotic syndrome is receiving high doses of prednisone. Which is an appropriate nursing goal related to this? A) Prevent Infection B) Stimulate Appetite C) Detect Evidence of Edema D) Ensure Compliance With Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy

C) "We're glad there is a cure for this disorder"

A nurse is conducting discharge teaching for parents of an infant with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Further teaching is indicated if the parents make which statement? A) "We will be very careful handling the baby" B) "We will lift the baby by the buttocks when diapering" C) "We're glad there is a cure for this disorder" D) "We will schedule follow-up appointments as instructed"

A) Describe and record the seizure activity observed

An important nursing intervention when caring for a child who is experiencing a seizure would be to: A) Describe and record the seizure activity observed B) Restrain the child when seizure occurs to prevent bodily harm C) Place a tongue blade between the teeth if they become clenched D) Suction the child during a seizure to prevent aspiration

A) Observe closely for signs of infection C) Measure head circumference D) Perform neuro checks

An infant with hydrocephalus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which interventions should be included in the child's postoperative care? (Select ALL that apply.) A) Observe closely for signs of infection B) Pump the shunt reservoir to maintain patency C) Measure head circumference D) Perform neuro checks E) Maintain Trendelenburg position to decrease pressure on the shunt

D) Metabolic alkalosis

An infant with pyloric stenosis experiences excessive vomiting that can result in: A) Hyperchloremia B) Hypernatremia C) Metabolic acidosis D) Metabolic alkalosis

D) Intussusception

Invagination or telescoping of one segment of bowel within another is called: A) Atresia B) Stenosis C) Herniation D) Intussusception

A) Avoid using any latex product

Latex allergy is suspected in a child with spina bifida. Appropriate nursing interventions include which action? A) Avoid using any latex product B) Use only nonallergenic latex products C) Administer medication for long-term desensitization D) Teach family about long-term management of asthma

C) The urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis

The nurse is admitting a newborn with hypospadias to the nursery. The nurse expects which finding in this newborn? A) Absence of a urethral opening is noted B) Penis appears shorter than usual for age C) The urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis D) The urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis

A) Positive Ortolani click B) Unequal gluteal folds D) Trendelenburg sign

The nurse is caring for an infant with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select ALL that apply.) A) Positive Ortolani click B) Unequal gluteal folds C) Negative Babinski sign D) Trendelenburg sign E) Telescoping of the affected limb

B) Covered with a sterile moist nonadherent dressing

The nurse is caring for an infant with myelomeningocele scheduled for surgical closure in the morning. Which interventions should the nurse plan for the care of the myelomeningocele sac? A) Open to air B) Covered with a sterile moist nonadherent dressing C) Reinforcement of the original dressing if drainage noted D) A diaper secured over the dressing

A) Elevated white blood well (WBC) count B) Decreased glucose E) Turbid appearance

The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results on cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) from a 3-year-old child with bacterial meningitis. Which findings help confirm bacterial meningitis? (Select ALL that apply.) A) Elevated white blood well (WBC) count B) Decreased glucose C) Normal protein D) Elevated red blood cell (RBC) E) Turbid appearance

A) hypertonicity and poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion

The nurse is planning a staff in-service on childhood spastic cerebral palsy. Spastic cerebral palsy is characterized by: A) hypertonicity and poor control of posture, balance, and coordinated motion B) athetosis and dystonic movements C) wide-based gait and poor performance of rapid, repetitive movements D) tremors and lack of active movement

A) Sudden acute abdominal pain B) Passage of red, currant jelly-like stools D) Palpable mass in the abdomen E) Bilious vomiting

The nurse is preparing to admit a 3-year-old with intussusception. Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to observe? (Select ALL that apply.) A) Sudden acute abdominal pain B) Passage of red, currant jelly-like stools C) Rebound tenderness D) Palpable mass in the abdomen E) Bilious vomiting

C) High-Pitched Cry

What notable sign may indicate increased intercranial pressure in an infant? A) Overflow Voiding B) Bulging Fontanel When Crying C) High-Pitched Cry D) Minimal Lower Extremity Movement

D) Check the vital signs every 2 to 4 hours

When caring for a 3-day-old neonate who is receiving phototherapy to treat jaundice, the nurse in charge would expect to do which of the following? A) Turn the neonate every 6 hours B) Encourage the mother to discontinue breast-feeding C) Notify the physician if the skin becomes bronze in color D) Check the vital signs every 2 to 4 hours

D) Down Syndrome

When performing a physical examination on an infant, the nurse in charge notes abnormally low-set ears. This findings is associated with: A) Otogenous tetanus B) Tracheoesophageal fistula C) Congenital heart defects D) Down Syndrome

B) Encouraging self-care skills in the child

When talking with the parents of a Down syndrome child, which of the following goals would be most appropriate for the child and family? A) Teaching the child one new thing every day B) Encouraging self-care skills in the child C) Establishing more lenient behavior standards D) Achieving age-appropriate social skills

A) Gower sign

Which assessment findings should the nurse note in a school-age child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)? A) Gower sign B) Kyphosis C) Scoliosis D) Vomiting

A) Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins

Which clinical manifestations would suggest hydrocephalus in a neonate? A) Bulging fontanel and dilated scalp veins B) Closed fontanel and high-pitched cry C) Constant low-pitched cry and restlessness D) Depressed fontanel and decreased blood pressure

D) Increased appetite

Which is a common side effect of short-term corticosteroid therapy? A) Fever B) Hypertension C) Weight loss D) Increased appetite

B) Reduce excretion of urinary protein

Which is an objective of care for a 10-year-old child with early nephrotic syndrome? A) Raise blood pressure B) Reduce excretion of urinary protein C) Increase excretion of urinary protein D) Increase ability of tissues to retain fluid

B) Low sodium

Which is included in the diet of a child with nephrotic syndrome? A) Low protein B) Low sodium C) High potassium D) High carbohydrate

A) Corticosteroids

Which is instituted for the therapeutic management of nephrotic syndrome where BUN and Creatinine are still within normal limits? A) Corticosteroids B) Antihypertensive agents C) Long-term diuretics D) Increased fluids to promote diuresis

C) Level of Consciousness

Which of the following is the best indicator of brain function in a child with a moderate brain injury? A) Pupil Response B) Vital Signs C) Level of Consciousness D) Gross Motor Strength

C) Rotovirus

Which pathogen is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children? A) Giardia organisms B) Shigella organisms C) Rotovirus D) Salmonella organisms

D) Surgical Removal of Affected Section of Bowel

Which therapeutic management treatment is implemented for children with Hirschsprung disease? A) Daily Enemas B) Low-Fiber Diet C) Permanent Colostomy D) Surgical Removal of Affected Section of Bowel