Penny Book Review- Ch 4 "The Bile Ducts"

The biliary duct wall should never measure more than ... ?

2 mm

Ascariasis is ... ?

Caused by a parasitic ringworm

Which of the following is not associated with the development of pneumobilia?

Cholangiopneumonia

The most common level for biliary obstruction to occur is the ... ?

Distal CBD

For patients older than 60 or those who have had a cholecystectomy, a maximum diameter of ____ may be considered normal

1 cm

The merging point of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct at the level of the duodenum is referred to as ...?

Ampulla of Vater

The Klatskin tumor is located ... ?

At the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts

A congenital disease in which there is narrowing or obliteration of the bile ducts is called ... ?

Biliary atresia

Which of the following disorders is associated with the sonographic triangular cord sign?

Biliary atresia

The yellowish pigment found in bile that is produced by the breakdown of old red blood cells by the liver is ...?

Bilirubin

If an obstructive biliary calculus is located within the distal common duct, which of the following could ultimately dilate?

CBD, Gallbladder, and common hepatic duct

The presence of an echogenic dot in the nondependent part of a dilated duct representing small fibrovascular bundles is seen with ...?

Caroli disease

A 64-year-old man presents to the sonography department for a right upper quadrant sonogram. He is complaining of abdominal pain, weight loss, and pruritus. Sonographically, you visualize an area of dilated ducts that abruptly end. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Cholangiocarcinoma

A Klatskin tumor is a form of ... ?

Cholangiocarcinoma

Primary biliary tree cancer is referred to as ... ?

Cholangiocarcinoma

A 32-year-old female patient presents to the sonography department with a history of fever, leuokocytosis, and right upper quadrant pain. Sonographically, you visualize dilated bile ducts that have thickened walls and contain sludge. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Cholangitis

Inflammation of the bile ducts is referred to as ... ?

Cholangitis

Which of the following is associated with Charcot triad?

Cholangitis

An abdominal sonogram is ordered for an infant in the ICU who is suffering from jaundice and fever. Sonographically, you visualize a cystic mass within the common bile duct that is causing focal enlargement. This is most suggestive of ... ?

Choledochal cyst

Which of the following is not a plausible cause of common bile duct obstruction in adults?

Choledochal cyst

Which of the following is typically found in pediatric patients and is described as the cystic dilation of the common bile duct?

Choledochal cyst

A gallstone located within the biliary tree is referred to as ... ?

Choledocholithiasis

Which of the following would be the most common cause of obstructive jaundice?

Choledocholithiasis

Which of the following would be the most distal portion of the biliary tree?

Common bile duct

Which of the following would be the least helpful laboratory value to analyze in patients with suspected biliary tract disease?

Creatinine

The spiral valves of Heister are located within the ... ?

Cystic duct

All of the following are clinical findings consistent with cholangiocarcinoma except ... ?

Dilation of the intrahepatic ducts

Clinical findings of choledocholithiasis include all of the following except ... ?

Elevated blood urea nitrogen

Which of the following could accidentally introduce bacteria into the biliary tree and thus cause cholangitis?

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Which segment of the biliary tree tends to dilatate first with obstruction?

Extrahepatic

If a gallstone, causing obstruction, is located within the distal common hepatic duct, which of the following would become dilated?

Intrahepatic ducts

Which of the following is considered the most proximal portion of the biliary tree?

Intrahepatic radicles

The yellowish staining of the whites of the eyes and the skin secondary to a liver disorder or biliary obstruction is referred to as ...?

Jaundice

A patient presents with jaundice, pain, and fever secondary to an impact stone in the cystic duct. This is referred to as ... ?

Mirizzi syndrome

All of the following are forms of cholangitis except ... ?

Parabolic

Air within the biliary tree is referred to as ... ?

Pneumobilia

Sonographically, you visualize scattered echogenic linear structures within the liver parenchyma that produce ring-down artifact. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Pneuomobilia

Pneumobilia will produce ... ?

Ring-down artifact

Which of the following is characterized by fibrotic thickening of the bile ducts, found most often in young males, and is associated with inflammatory bowel disease or ulcerative colitis?

Sclerosing cholangitis

The muscle that controls the emptying of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum is the ... ?

Sphincter of Oddi