Penny Chapter 31: Multiple Gestations Review Questions

the term that indicates the presence of two separate placentas is:

!!! a. dichorionic

the sonographic examination of twins reveals a triangular extension of the placenta at the base of the membrane, this finding is indicative of:

!!! c. dichorionic diamniotic twins

the shunting of blood from one twin to the other is termed:

a. TTTS

monozygotic twins result from:

a. a single zygote that splits

which term relates the number of placentas?

a. chorionicity

asymmetry in fetal weight between twins is indicative of:

a. discordant growth

which of the following would not increase the likelihood of multiple gestations? a. gestational diabetes b. maternal age of > 40 years c. maternal history of twins d. ART

a. gestational diabetes

the most common form of monozygotic twins is:

a. monochorionic diamniotic

twins that have the threat of being conjoined are:

a. monochorionic monamniotic

conjoined twins that are attached at the abdomen are referred to as:

a. omphalopagus

the demise of a twin can lead to the development of neuroloic complications in the living twin as a result of:

a. twin embolization syndrome

the outer membrane of the gestation is referred to as the:

b. chorion

twins whose bodies are connected at some point are said to be:

b. conjoined

twins that result from the fertilization of two separate ova are:

b. dizygotic

all of the following complications are associated with multiple gestations except: a. preterm delivery b. high birth weight c. maternal anemia d. maternal preeclampsia

b. high birth weight

which form of monozygotic twinning is least common?

b. monochorionic monoamniotic

the abnormal twin in acardiac twinning is also referred to as the

b. parasitic twin

what condition is pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks' gestation?

b. preeclampsia

which of the following would a newborn most likely suffer from if he or she were born prior to 32 weeks as a result of multiple gestation complications?

b. pulmonary hypoplasia

the twin that will appear larger in TTTS is the:

b. recipient

the demise of a twin during the second or third trimester can lead to:

b. twin embolization syndrome

the inner membrane surrounding the fetus is referred to as the:

c. amnion

twins having two placentas and two amniotic sacs are referred to as:

c. dichorionic diamniotic

ovulation induction drugs not only increase the likelihood of multiple gestations, but also increase the likelihood of:

c. heterotopic pregnancies

factors that increase the likelihood of having multiple gestations include all of the following except: a. advanced maternal age b. ovulation induction drugs c. poor nutritional state d. maternal predisposition for twins

c. poor nutritional state

what is a treatment that separates abnormal placental vascular connections between twins that are suffering from TTTS?

b. endoscopic-guided laser photocoagulation

the term that indicates the presence of two separate amniotic sacs is:

d. diamniotic

which of the following is not a sonographic sign of a dichorionic diamniotic gestation? a. twin peak sign b. lambda sign c. delta sign d. T sign

d. T sign

TRAP syndrome may also be referred to as:

d. acardiac twinning

which of the following can occur as a result of monozygotic twinning? a. monochorionic diamniotic twins b. monochorionic monoamniotic twins c. dichorionic diamniotic twins d. all of the above

d. all of the above

twins having one placenta and one amniotic sac are referred to as:

d. monochorionic monoamniotic

what is it called when a twin fetus, suffering from TTTS, experiences severe oligohydramnios and becomes closely adhered to the uterine wall?

d. stuck twin

twins having two plaentas and one amiotic sac are reffered to as:

d. this does not occur

acardiac twinning results from:

!!! c. abnormal links between the placental vessels

identical twins result from:

!!! a. monozygotic twinning

fraternal twins result from:

!!! b. dizygotic twinning

which term relates the number of amniotic sacs?

!!! c. amnionicity

which of the following can occur as a result of dizygotic twinning? a. monochorionic diamniotic twins b. monochorionic monoamniotic twins c. dichorionic diamniotic twins d. all of the above

!!! c. dichorionic diamniotic twins

what is the term for conjoined twins attached at the sacral region?

!!! c. pyopagus

typically, the first sonographic manifestations of TTTS is:

!!! d. dicordant fetal growth (TTTS = Twin twin transfusion syndrome)