Pharm Exam 2

extrapyramidal symptoms

involuntary muscle movements

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is receiving sucralfate. Which would the nurse need to address? (Select all that apply.)

Eating a high fiber diet Ensuring safety precautions Taking the drug on an empty stomach Encouraging frequent mouth care

In which condition present in the client should macrolides be used with caution?

Liver dysfunction

Which would an instructor include as an example of a phenothiazine used as an antiemetic?

Perphenazine

A nurse is preparing to administer dolasetron orally to a child who is unable to swallow the tablet. The nurse would expect to mix the solution with:

apple juice.

A client is prescribed a proton pump inhibitor to treat erosive gastritis. How soon will the client's symptoms be resolved?

1 to 2 weeks

The pediatric nurse is caring for a 9-year-old client who has been diagnosed with amebiasis. The client weighs 82.5 lbs. and has been prescribed metronidazole 40 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for 10 days. How many 250-mg tablets should the nurse administer for each dose?

2

When administering a bulk laxative to a client, which action is important for the nurse to take?

Administer the laxative with a full glass of water or juice.

An 86-year-old client has been prescribed ranitidine (Zantac). The nurse knows that an older adult who takes H2RAs may experience what adverse effect?

Agitation

A patient is receiving chloroquine for a rheumatoid disorder. = The nurse is aware that this medication may cause which neurotoxicity?

Blindness

H2 antagonists

Block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin

A nurse is providing education to a client who is taking INH. The nurse is teaching the client to avoid which foods?

Cheese, dairy products, and bananas

A patient of Greek descent is traveling to an area of the world in which malaria is endemic. What could indicate a possible serious complication if the patient takes certain anti-malarial drugs?

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse knows that the preferred drug for bowel cleansing before this procedure is:

Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (NuLYTELY)

What is the benefit of adding proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to the treatment regime treating an H. pylori bacterial infection?

decreases production of gastric secretions

The client has received the first dose of oral Cipro. The client reports shortness of breath. The nurse suspects which with this finding?

hypersensitivity reaction.

A client has been on an antibiotic for two weeks for treatment of an infection. The client asks the nurse why a superinfection has been caused by this medication. What is the nurse's best response?

"Antibiotics can disrupt the normal bacteria in your body, causing another infection to occur."

A client develops Clostridium difficile after receiving antibiotic therapy. The client asks the nurse how this occurs. Which is the nurse's best response?

"By suppressing normal flora, antibiotics allow proliferation of the organism."

A caregiver of a 1-year-old asks the nurse if they can give the diphenoxylate that was prescribed for an older sibling to the child. Which is the nurse's best response?

"Children younger than 1 year of age should not be given this medication."

A caregiver of a 1-year-old asks the nurse if the caregiver can give the diphenoxylate that was prescribed for an older sibling to the child. Which is the nurse's best response?

"Children younger than 2 years of age should not be given this medication."

A client is prescribed metronidazole for the treatment of trichomoniasis. What is the most important information for the nurse to teach the client about proper administration of this medication?

"Do not drink alcohol while taking this medication."

A client has been prescribed tinidazole for the treatment of a protozoal infection. What statement by the client indicates to the nurse that further teaching is warranted?

"I like to have a small glass of white wine each evening to unwind."

After teaching a client who is prescribed oral erythromycin, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client states which of the following?

"I should drink a full 8-oz glass of water when I take the medicine."

The nurse has just finished client education with a client who is being discharged home on bulk-forming laxatives. The nurse knows the client understands discharge instructions regarding these medications when which statement is made?

"I will mix the medication with 4 to 8 ounces of liquid and follow it by an additional 4 to 8 ounces."

The nurse is about to administer a laxative to a client for the first time. What should be included in client education?

"It is not uncommon to experience some abdominal discomfort and flatulence."

An older client with constipation says, "I took a dose of psyllium yesterday, but it has not worked." Which response will the nurse make?

"It might take 2 or 3 days for it to be effective."

The nurse is caring for a client whose prescribed course of cefaclor will soon be completed. What health education should the nurse provide to the client?

"Make sure to avoid drinking any alcohol for the next three days."

An older client has been prescribed omeprazole for the treatment of gastresophageal reflux disease (GERD). What explanation should the nurse provide when asked by the client why they are not being treated with famotidine?

"Proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, produce fewer adverse effects among the older population."

A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the unit for nausea and vomiting who was treated with ondansetron. A friend visiting the client asks the nurse why the client is sleeping. Which is the nurse's best response?

"The medication makes the client sleepy by blocking the action of the serotonin receptors."

The client has just begun taking metronidazole and calls the clinic to report that her urine has turned very dark. What is the nurse's best response to this client?

"This is an expected side effect. Your urine color will return to normal after you stop taking this drug."

A client is receiving mefloquine as part of a treatment for malaria asks the nurse about becoming pregnant. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"You need to avoid pregnancy during the therapy and for 2 months after completion."

A sexually active teen tells the nurse, "My sexual partner is being treated for trichomoniasis." What is the nurse's best response when the teen asks about receiving treatment as well?

"You need to be treated simultaneously."

A client has been prescribed mefloquine before embarking on a scientific survey in a malaria endemic area. What should the nurse teach the client about this prophylactic drug regimen?

"You'll need to keep taking this for about one month after you return."

The use of an antiemetic is not clinically safe for which client reporting nausea and vomiting?

A client seen in the emergency room for injuries associated with alcohol intoxication

The hospital nurse is caring for a group of adult clients. For which client should the nurse most likely administer prophylactic anti-infectives?

A client with colorectal cancer who is preoperative for a bowel resection

The nurse is caring for several medical clients who have infections. For which client would the administration of a broad spectrum antibiotic be most appropriate?

A client with signs of infection who is awaiting the results of laboratory testing

A nurse is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which statement most accurately describes selective toxicity?

A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.

For what client would the use of prophylactic anti-infective be most appropriate?

A pre-surgical client who has an artificial heart valve

A client is being sent home with orders for a laxative PRN. The nurse is conducting client teaching on the use of a laxative. What will the nurse inform the client is one of the most common adverse effects of a laxative?

Abdominal cramping

A client has been diagnosed with malaria and will begin treatment promptly. How can the nurse best attack the Plasmodium protozoa at the different stages of its life cycle?

Administer combination therapy as prescribed

A client has been diagnosed with malaria and will begin treatment promptly. What is the best way to attack the Plasmodium protozoa's life cycle?

Administer combination therapy as prescribed

A client is receiving meclizine. The nurse would caution the client to avoid:

Alcohol

A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client for whom antimalarial therapy is being proposed. The nurse should identify what aspect of the client's history as contraindicating the use of antimalarials?

Alcoholic liver disease

The patient has called the office to see if using bismuth subsalicylate will work to treat simple diarrhea. The nurse knows this will be a safe and effective treatment for diarrhea unless the patient has:

Allergy to aspirin

A nurse works in a community setting and follows clients who have TB. Which clients would likely require the most follow-up from rifampin therapy?

An HIV-positive client

The nurse is preparing to administer a new anti-infective to a client. The nurse should prioritize what assessment?

Assessment for allergic reaction

A client with a positive sputum culture for TB has been started on streptomycin antitubercular therapy. Upon review of the laboratory results, the nurse notes that the client may be experiencing toxicity if which of the following results is abnormal?

BUN and creatinine

A client experiencing diarrhea asks the nurse about over-the-counter (OTC) antidiarrheals. Which OTC should not be taken with aspirin?

Bismuth subsalicylate

An older adult client has been on long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. The nurse practitioner should focus on what assessment related to adverse effects?

Bone density

A client is admitted to the hospital with elevated temperature, chills, cough, and fatigue. The health care provider orders a chest x-ray, which indicates pneumonia. The blood cultures also come back positive for a Gram-negative bacillus. The provider orders two antibiotics to be given to the client, one for Gram-negative organisms and one for Gram-positive organisms. Why does the provider not prescribe just one antibiotic for both types of bacteria?

Broad-spectrum antibiotics can cause antibiotic resistance.

The pathophysiology class is learning how microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs. What is one way the students would learn that microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective drugs?

By altering binding sites on the membrane or ribosomes so that the drug cannot enter the cell

A critical care nurse is preparing to administer an intragastric drip of an antacid to a client through a nasogastric tube. How should the nurse most accurately titrate the dose and frequency?

By aspirating stomach contents and measuring the pH

The nurse is assessing a client who has requested antimalarials in anticipation of a mountain climbing expedition overseas. When assessing or potential contraindications or safety risks, the nurse should prioritize what standardized assessment?

CAGE Questionnaire for alcohol abuse

Which of the following antacids may produce constipation and should be used cautiously in clients that have chronic constipation? Select all that apply:

Calcium carbonate (Mylanta) Aluminum hydroxide (ALternaGEL)

A nurse is caring for a client that has developed diarrhea after antibiotic administration. The client has a BUN of 35 and creatinine of 1.8. The provider has ordered diphenoxylate with atropine for the client. What action should the nurse implement?

Call the prescriber about the laboratory tests.

An adult client has been treated for strep throat with ampicillin by mouth. The client visits the occupational health nurse and reports vaginal itching. What organism is the cause of the vaginal itching?

Candida

The nurse is caring for a client who is immunocompromised following a kidney transplant and who has developed an infection. When planning this client's care, the nurse should prioritize what action?

Carefully maintaining the client's isolation precautions

Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, fight infection by inhibiting development of the causative bacteria. What specific component development do these drugs affect?

Cell wall synthesis

A client is receiving a phenothiazine antiemetic. The nurse instructs the client to use the call light if he needs to get out of bed to go to the bathroom based on the understanding that this group of drugs is associated with:

Central nervous system effects

When reviewing a newly admitted client's previous medication record, the nurse notes that the client has previously been treated with aprepitant. The nurse is justified in suspecting that this client's medical history includes which therapy/treatment?

Chemotherapy

A public health nurse interacts with many members of the community who are at risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The nurse should anticipate the use of tetracycline in a client who is diagnosed with what STI?

Chlamydia

A male client is traveling to a country where malaria is endemic. The nurse suggests that he visit his health care provider and receive a prescription for what medication?

Chloroquine

Which drug is currently the mainstay of antimalarial therapy and is directly toxic to parasites that absorb it?

Chloroquine

Antimalarial drugs are usually given in combination form to attack the Plasmodium at various stages of its life cycle. What are examples of antimalarial drugs? (Select all that apply.)

Chloroquine (Aralen) Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Mefloquine (Lariam) Primaquine (generic)

Which would a nurse anticipate as having antiandrogenic effects?

Cimetidine

Your client has been diagnosed with intermittent colitis. You know that the following antibiotic is contraindicated for use in this client:

Clindamycin.

Based on the client's history, the nurse suspects a client with Plasmodium falciparum malaria will have difficulty complying with pharmacotherapy if he has to take several different pills per day. What approach has the best potential to improve compliance?

Combination therapy

Which statement best reflects the use of antimalarial agents for treatment of the protozoan?

Combination therapy is used to attack the parasite at various life cycle stages.

A nurse is asked to explain the difference between community-acquired infections and hospital-acquired infections. What response best describes the difference?

Community-acquired infections are usually less severe and easier to treat since hospital-acquired infections often involve drug-resistant microorganisms.

A 29-year-old woman has been prescribed alosetron (Lotronex) for irritable bowel syndrome. Before starting the drug therapy, the nurse will advise the client about which adverse effect(s)?

Constipation

An older adult has been taking a calcium-based antacid on an increasingly frequent basis. When teaching this client, the nurse should include suggestions for the prevention of which adverse effect?

Constipation

A client reports the intention to use an over-the-counter bismuth product. The nurse should inform the client that there is a potential that the medication will cause what side effect?

Dark Stool

What pathologic change occurs in the body as a result of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and leads to death?

Destruction of red blood cells

A client with an upper respiratory tract infection was prescribed roxithromycin, an antibiotic. The nurse tells the client that irregular administration of this medication could lead to what outcome?

Development of drug resistance

A client, taking metronidazole for the past 4 days, reports to the nurse that the most recent dose caused the client to feel "flushed, sweaty, and sick in the stomach." What assessment is most likely to address the cause of this phenomenon?

Did you drink any alcoholic beverages around the time of taking the drug?"

A client who experiences frequent constipation is using psyllium (Metamucil). The nurse knows what contraindications to using psyllium? Select all that apply.

Difficulty swallowing Gastrointestinal obstruction Fecal impaction Undiagnosed abdominal pain

A client is receiving ciprofloxacin for a urinary tract infection. This drug is administered IV. During the infusion, the nurse notes fluid leaking into the tissue around the IV site. What is the best response of the nurse?

Discontinue the IV.

A 94-year-old client is to begin taking psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid daily. What instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?

Drink at least 8 ounces of fluid with the medication

The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed hydroxyzine. What adverse effect should the nurse mention during teaching?

Drowsiness

A client, hospitalized with active tuberculosis, is receiving antitubercular drug therapy. When it becomes apparent that the client is not responding to the medications, what condition will the primary health care provider identify as a possible cause?

Drug-resistant tuberculosis

The nurse practitioner instructs the client to use over-the-counter ranitidine instead of cimetidine. What risk is decreased when using ranitidine rather than cimetidine?

Drug-to-drug interaction

People taking phenothiazines need to be assessed for extrapyramidal symptoms. What effects are considered adverse effects of the phenothiazines?

Dry mouth, dizziness, and urinary retention

A client in her twenties has told the nurse that she will be going on a safari trip for her honeymoon and that she has been prescribed antimalarial prophylaxis. The nurse should follow up with what education?

Encourage the client to use reliable contraception

A client with an inflammatory disease has been prescribed indomethacin. The nurse is aware of the risk for drug-induced nephrotoxicity and should prioritize what intervention?

Encouraging the client to increase fluid intake

When participating in the care of a client who is being treated with antimicrobials, the nurse can promote the appropriate use of these medications in which way?

Encouraging the use of narrow-spectrum, rather than broad-spectrum, antibiotics

Which practice reported by a parent requires immediate attention by the nurse?

Encouraging their child to take prescribed medication by referring to it as candy

Cephalosporins are associated with adverse effects involving the eighth cranial nerve.

False

The nurse is giving instructions to a client age 77 years who has been prescribed a sulfonamide for treatment of a urinary tract infection. The nurse has instructed the client to increase fluids while taking this medication. What does the nurse anticipate will be the client's greatest fear related to this instruction?

Fear of incontinence.

A client diagnosed with malaria has been prescribed treatment with sulfadiazine. The nurse should encourage the client to increase consumption of what dietary component?

Fluids

A male client is taking cimetidine. Which adverse effect is more likely to occur with cimetidine than with other histamine2 receptor antagonists?

Gynecomastia

The health care provider has prescribed ranitidine for a hospitalized client on a unit. Prior to administering the drug for the first time, which adverse effects should the nurse mention to the client?

Headache

The nurse is caring for a client who has just had an episode of vomiting. What is the first intervention that the nurse would complete after the client has finished vomiting?

Help the client rinse his mouth.

A client is taking cimetidine for increased gastric pain and hypersecretion. Nurses should use caution when administering cimetidine to those with which condition?

Hepatic disease

A client is taking cimetidine for increased gastric pain and hypersecretion. Nurses should use extreme caution when administering cimetidine to clients with which condition?

Hepatic disease

A client is diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection. The nurse expects that the treatment plan will include which drug?

IHN

A client with amebiasis is to receive metronidazole. The client also takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation. The nurse would instruct the client to immediately report which symptom?

Increased bleeding

Which adverse reaction of proton pump inhibitors is specific to menopausal women with osteoporosis?

Increased fracture risk

A client arrives at the walk-in clinic reporting vomiting and a burning sensation in the mid-epigastric region. The nurse suspects that the client has peptic ulcer disease. Which is a potential cause of peptic ulcer disease?

Infection with H. pylori

A nurse is caring for a patient who is being administered penicillin. What are the common adverse reactions to penicillin a nurse should assess for?

Inflammation of the tongue and mouth

A prescriber adds psyllium to the medication administration record for a client experiencing diarrhea. Which is the best rationale for the addition of psyllium?

It absorbs toxins and water, decreasing fluidity of stools.

The nurse is preparing to administer a drug that is bactericidal. The nurse should explain what characteristic of this drug?

It will directly cause the death of pathogenic cells.

A client is prescribed isoniazid (INH) for a diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which adverse effect will result in discontinuation of the medication?

Jaundice

A client taking isoniazid is worried about the side effects/adverse reactions. The nurse tells the client that a common adverse reaction of isoniazid is which of the following?

Jaundice

The pharmacology instructor is discussing ways to decrease the incidence and severity of adverse effects among children taking anti-infective agents. What would the instructor mention is one way to do this in children?

Keep clients well hydrated.

What is a contraindication to use of a fluoroquinolone?

Lactation

Which of the following would be the proton pump inhibitor of choice for a child with GERD?

Lansoprazole

The nurse is preparing medications for a client experiencing nausea. Which action will the nurse take when preparing a dose of ondansetron for this client?

Leave the tablet in the blister pack until just before administration.

A male client is placed on an IV regimen of aztreonam. The nurse would expect the health care provider to order which laboratory test?

Liver function

Vomiting occurs when signals from the chemoreceptor trigger zone reach the vomiting center. Where is the vomiting center located?

Medulla oblongata

A client is receiving chloroquine for a diagnosis of extraintestinal amebiasis. The nurse should provide information on which medication that is likely to be administered with chloroquine?

Metronidazole

Different medications are used to treat the differing causes of nausea and vomiting. Phenothiazines, although effective against many causes, are usually ineffective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting created by:

Motion sickness.

Defecation is normally stimulated by what physiologic trigger?

Movements and reflexes in the gastrointestinal tract

The nurse should monitor the client for which common side effects of erythromycin therapy?

Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer due to H. pylori. The nurse would anticipate administering which agent in conjunction with an antibiotic?

Omeprazole

After teaching a group of students about proton pump inhibitors, the instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they identify which agent as the prototype proton pump inhibitor?

Omeprazole

Which of the following would a nurse expect as most likely to be used in combination with antibiotics for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection?

Omeprazole

Which of the following drugs are commonly used in combination with certain antibiotics in the treatment of H. pylori? Select all that apply:

Omeprazole (Prilosec) Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

A client with burns has developed a wound infection. This client is experiencing what type of wound infection?

Opportunistic infection

A nurse is preparing to administer primaquine therapy to a client. The nurse should anticipate administering the drug by which route?

Oral

The nurse is preparing to administer cascara to a client. The nurse anticipates administering this drug by which route?

Oral

A group of nursing students are learning about the factors that underlie recent increases in the incidence and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. What factor is known to contribute to antibiotic resistance?

Overuse of antibiotics

A client is taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents for arthritis of the knees and hips. Which disease is a result of cellular destruction of the gastrointestinal tract from this medication?

Peptic ulcer disease

What is one method that the nurse can teach community members to prevent many parasitic infections?

Personal and public hygiene practices

A client has been told that stimulation of their chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is responsible for their current symptoms. What nursing action indicates that the nurse is aware of the role of the CTZ?

Planning care to manage the client's nausea and vomiting

A 52-year-old man is suffering from a deficiency of exocrine pancreatic secretions and is prescribed pancrelipase (Pancrease MT). Before the medication therapy begins, the nurse will assess for allergies related to

Pork

A client prescribed promethazine has an elevated creatinine level. Which action is the health care provider likely to take considering any possible related risk to this client?

Prescribe administration of a lower dose

After teaching a group of students about resistance, the instructor determines that the students need additional teaching when they identify what as a way that microorganisms develop resistance?

Production of a chemical to act as an agonist

A 1-year-old postoperative client has been experiencing repeated vomiting. What antiemetic drug has a black box warning against use in a client of this age?

Promethazine

A client is diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori infection. The health care provider will order amoxicillin and what other type of medication?

Proton pump inhibitors

A client with acne has been receiving an anti-infective agent for a prolonged period. Initially, the drug was effective, but over time its effectiveness as decreased. What is the nurse's best action?

Refer the client to the health care provider because the client may be experiencing resistance.

The client has a magnesium-based antacid prescribed for administration before meals. The nurse knows to withhold the medication if the client exhibits what?

Renal dysfunction

A client with a diagnosis of rhinosinusitis has been prescribed ciprofloxacin 250 mg SC b.i.d. When contacting the prescriber, the nurse should question the:

Route

Ondansetron (Zofran) belongs to which pharmacological category of medications?

Selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist

The following data identified during a nursing assessment and interview. When considering risks for the development of a peptic ulcer, which situation should the nurse discuss with the client?

Self medicates with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) daily.

Which recommendations should be made to a client being treated for trichomoniasis to prevent re-infection?

Sexual partners should be treated.

A 75-year-old client is treating an ulcer with antacids. Based on the client's age, the nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe a dose of antacid that compares with the average prescribed dose in what way?

Smaller than the average prescribed dose

Infections caused by protozoa are relatively rare in the United States, but with people traveling throughout the world in increasing numbers, it is not unusual for a person to return home from travelling with a fully developed protozoal infection. What are some areas where protozoa infections are prevalent? Select all that apply.

South America Asia Africa

Bacitracin (Baciguent) interferes with the cell wall synthesis of which type of bacteria?

Staphylococcal

A child has been taking mebendazole for the past 3 weeks after being diagnosed with roundworm. The nurse will determine the efficacy of the child's treatment by referencing what diagnostic test?

Stool for ova and parasites

The nurse understands that an infection caused by a secondary pathogen, which can occur during prolonged antibiotic therapy, is known as which of the following?

Superinfection

An adult resident of an assisted living facility has not responded appreciably to bulk-forming laxatives, so the primary care provider has prescribed bisacodyl. The nurse who oversees the care at the facility should know that this drug may be administered by what route? Select all that apply.

Suppository Oral

Which would be most important to include when teaching a patient about using psyllium?

Taking the agent with a large amount of water

The nurse is discussing the possible side effects of chemotherapy with a client. What information obtained during the client's admission assessment and interview will have a direct influence on the management of nausea and vomiting

The client has been prescribed phenothiazine for anxiety

The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has occurred?

The client has developed a superinfection.

Which intervention has priority when caring for an older adult client who has been prescribed a phenothiazine for reported nausea?

The client is identified as a possible falls risk

A medical nurse on a night shift is reviewing a client's medication administration record for the following day. The nurse notes that a combination antimicrobial drug is prescribed. What is implied by the fact that the client has been prescribed a combination drug?

The client may have an infection caused by multiple microorganisms.

The nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from an overseas trip and been diagnosed with malaria. When updating the client's provider on the client's current health status, what assessment finding should the nurse prioritize?

The client's sclerae are yellowed and the client reports pruritis

When describing an anti-infective agent with a narrow spectrum of activity, what would the nurse include?

The drug is selective in its action on organisms.

A client, being treated for latent tuberculosis (TB) on an out-client basis, tells the nurse, "I've been feeling pretty good lately, so I haven't actually been all that consistent with taking my drugs." Subsequent health education by the nurse should focus on what subject?

The need to consistently take the prescribed drugs in order to cure TB

The nurse knows that pseudomembranous colitis is a superinfection of fluoroquinolones, especially when they are administered in high doses, because these medications have what effect in the body?

They disrupt the normal flora of the body.

A client who is receiving primaquine comes to the clinic with nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. What other finding would the nurse expect to assess if the client was experiencing cinchonism?

Tinnitus

Antiprotozoal drugs are used in the treatment of which infections? (Select all that apply.)

Toxoplasmosis Malaria Giardiasis Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Trichomoniasis

In which of the following scenarios would the nurse question the order for ondansetron (Zofran)?

Treatment of gastresophageal reflux

Metoclopramide is classified as a nonphenothiazine antiemetic.

True

A client is taking psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid daily. What information should be included in the discharge plan?

Up to 30 g of fluid with the medication can be divided over several divided doses daily.

A nurse is providing education to an adult female client who has been prescribed misoprostol. What instruction should the nurse include in the teaching?

Use effective contraceptive measures.

A client has been diagnosed and hospitalized with malaria and has been prescribed chloroquine. What test or function should the nurse monitor frequently?

Visual function

A teenager is admitted to a health care facility for a fungal infection. It has been determined that the infection was present for a long time, but there was no treatment undertaken. The teenager now has a systemic fungal infection for which flucytosine is prescribed. Which would be most important for the nurse to assess before beginning therapy?

Weight

Successful treatment with bacteriostatic antibiotics depends upon what factor?

adequate duration of drug therapy.

A 10-year-old client is diagnosed with acute otitis media. What does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?

amoxicillin

A client is febrile and is suspected of having a respiratory infection. A sputum culture has been collected and the results of sensitivity testing are expected within 48 hours. The nurse should anticipate that the client may:

be immediately prescribed a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

A client is admitted to the hospital for the treatment of malaria. The health care provider has ordered chloroquine. Which symptoms would indicate a serious adverse reaction?

blurred vision

Administration of what type of antibiotic by the nurse would be most likely to cause a superinfection?

broad spectrum

The parent of an adolescent client reports that the teen has chronic diarrhea and lacks an appetite. Assessment reveals that the client is significantly underweight, has dry hair, and exhibits erosion of tooth enamel. When asked, the client reports occasional laxative use for "constipation." What condition does the nurse consider most likely?

bulimia with laxative abuse

A group of nursing students and their professor are engaged in a service learning project and will be caring for clients in a region in which malaria transmission occurs. What medication should be administered to prevent the development of malaria?

chloroquine phosphate

The client states that prior to exams at school, the client has abdominal cramping and diarrhea. What does the nurse suspect is the trigger for these signs and symptoms?

functional diarrhea disorder

When are bile-binding drugs useful in treating diarrhea? Select all that apply.

ileectomy Crohn's disease

Ranitidine and cimetidine are both H2RAs used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Of the two, ranitidine is preferred in critically ill clients because it is less likely to:

interfere with the metabolism of other drugs.

A 2-year-old child from Nigeria is reported to have excellent health, except for the diarrhea that started within days of the family's arrival in the United States 3 weeks ago. History reveals nothing remarkable, but the mother comments on her child's love of (and continual consumption of) ice cream, something not available in their native country. This history supports what possible cause of the child's diarrhea?

lactase deficiency

A hospitalized client requests a magnesium citrate "bisacodyl pill" every night to "stay regular." The nurse should initially be most concerned about what potential health risk for this client?

laxative abuse

The nurse is justified in suspecting that a client who recently completed a course of ceftaroline may have been treated for what health problem?

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection

An adult client has been diagnosed with giardiasis and been prescribed a single dose of tinidazole 2000 mg PO. The client has a complex health history and takes metformin, warfarin, furosemide and bisoprolol. The nurse should:

monitor the client closely for signs of bleeding.

The nurse should anticipate the administration of what drug when an older adult is diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia?

moxifloxacin

Which is a known trigger for nausea and/or vomiting? Select all that apply.

neurologic disorders metabolic disorders

What intervention is most important for the nurse to perform before antibiotic therapy is initiated?

obtaining a specimen for culture and sensitivity

Gentamicin therapy is indicated in the treatment of what medical diagnosis?

osteomyelitis

A client comes to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The nurse notes a sunburn-like appearance to the client's skin. The client's history reveals the use of ciprofloxacin. The nurse interprets which adverse effect regarding this finding?

photosensitivity

A client is experiencing nausea and vomiting as a response to radiation therapy. Which antiemetic agent is a phenothiazine administered to control nausea and vomiting?

prochlorperazine

What event triggers the development of a superinfection?

proliferation of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms

What would a nurse least expect as an adverse reaction to anti-infective agents?

respiratory toxicity

A client, with recent abdominal pain and a 40-pack per year smoking history, is prescribed a treatment regimen for a diagnosis of duodenal ulcer. What important teaching would the nurse include in relation to treatment?

smoking effects on the healing of ulcers

A 7-year-old child has been taking tetracycline for a bacterial infection. The nurse will be sure to inform the parents that this drug could cause

staining of permanent teeth.

A client newly diagnosed with syphilis is allergic to penicillin. What medication should this client be prescribed?

tetracycline

A client has been diagnosed with osteomyelitis and has been prescribed clindamycin, a narrow spectrum antibiotic. When planning this client's care, the nurse should understand that:

the microorganism causing the infection is likely known.

The client reports cough, low-grade fever, anorexia, and night sweats. The client has also been coughing up blood at times. What disease does this client most likely have?

tuberculosis