Pharmacology Neuro & Gastro Drugs

The nurse is caring for an older client with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and has reinforced self-care instructions. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? 1."I rest each afternoon after my walk." 2."I cough and deep breathe many times during the day." 3."If I get abdominal cramps and diarrhea, I should call my doctor." 4."I can change the time of my medication on the mornings that I feel strong."

"I can change the time of my medication on the mornings that I feel strong."

The nurse is reinforcing instructions to an adolescent who has a history of seizures and is taking an anticonvulsant medication. Which statement indicates the client understands the instructions? 1."I will never be able to drive a car." 2."My anticonvulsant medication will clear up my skin." 3."If I forget my morning medication, I can take two pills at bedtime." 4."I should not stop taking my medications even if my seizures go away."

"I should not stop taking my medications even if my seizures go away."

Phenytoin, 100 mg orally three times daily, has been prescribed for a client for seizure control. The nurse reinforces instructions regarding the medication to the client. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions? 1."I will use a soft toothbrush to brush my teeth." 2."It's all right to break the capsules to make it easier for me to swallow them." 3."If I forget to take my medication, I can wait until the next dose and eliminate that dose." 4."If my throat becomes sore, it's a normal effect of the medication and it's nothing to be concerned about."

"I will use a soft toothbrush to brush my teeth."

A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including clarithromycin, esomeprazole, and amoxicillin. Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen? 1."My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria." 2."These medications are only taken when I have pain from my ulcer." 3."The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production." 4."These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid production in my stomach."

"The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."

The nurse reinforces medication instructions to a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication therapy? 1."Antacids will coat my stomach." 2."Omeprazole will coat the ulcer and help it heal." 3."Sucralfate will change the fluid in my stomach." 4."The nizatidine will cause me to produce less stomach acid."

"The nizatidine will cause me to produce less stomach acid."

The nurse has reinforced instructions to the client who has been prescribed cholestyramine. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching? 1."I will continue taking vitamin supplements." 2."This medication will help lower my cholesterol." 3."This medication should only be taken with water." 4."A high-fiber diet is important while taking this medication."

"This medication should only be taken with water."

A histamine (H2)-receptor antagonist will be prescribed for a client. The nurse understands that which medications are H2-receptor antagonists? Select all that apply. 1.Nizatidine 2.Ranitidine 3.Famotidine 4.Cimetidine 5.Esomeprazole 6.Lansoprazole

1.Nizatidine 2.Ranitidine 3.Famotidine 4.Cimetidine

The client is taking phenytoin for seizure control, and a blood sample for a serum drug level is drawn. Which laboratory finding indicates a therapeutic serum drug result? 1.)5 mcg/mL (19.84 mcmol/L) 2) 15 mcg/mL (59.52 mcmol/L) 3) 25 mcg/mL (99.2 mcmol/L) 4)30 mcg/mL (119.0 mcmol/L)

15 mcg/mL (59.52 mcmol/L)

The client is receiving meperidine hydrochloride for pain. Which signs/symptoms are side and adverse effects of this medication? Select all that apply. 1.Diarrhea 2.Tremors 3.Drowsiness 4.Hypotension 5.Urinary frequency 6.Increased respiratory rate

2. Tremors 3.Drowsiness 4.Hypotension

An adult client with hepatic encephalopathy has a serum ammonia level of 120 mcg/dL (72 mcmol/L) and receives treatment with lactulose syrup. The nurse determines that the client has the best response if the level changes to which after medication administration? 1.2 mcg/dL (1.2 mcmol/L) 2.5 mcg/dL (3 mcmol/L) 3.70 mcg/dL (42 mcmol/L) 4.100 mcg/dL (60 mcmol/L)

70 mcg/dL (42 mcmol/L)

The client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weak. The primary health care provider (PHCP) prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication (cholinergic crisis) or increasing severity of the disease (myasthenic crisis). An injection of edrophonium is administered. Which change in condition indicates that the client is in cholinergic crisis? 1.No change in the condition 2.Complaints of muscle spasms 3.An improvement of the weakness 4.A temporary worsening of the condition

A temporary worsening of the condition

A client is taking lansoprazole for the chronic management of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. If prescribed, which medication would be appropriate for the client if needed for a headache? 1.Naprosyn 2.Ibuprofen 3.Acetaminophen 4.Acetylsalicylic acid

Acetaminophen

The client has an as needed prescription for loperamide hydrochloride. For which condition should the nurse administer this medication? 1.Constipation 2.Abdominal pain 3.An episode of diarrhea 4.Hematest-positive nasogastric tube drainage

An episode of diarrhea

The client with myasthenia gravis is receiving pyridostigmine. The nurse monitors for signs and symptoms of cholinergic crisis caused by overdose of the medication. The nurse checks the medication supply to ensure that which medication is available for administration if a cholinergic crisis occurs? 1.Vitamin K 2.Acetylcysteine 3.Atropine sulfate 4.Protamine sulfate

Atropine sulfate

An older client has recently been taking cimetidine. The nurse should monitor the client for which most frequent central nervous system side effect of this medication? 1.Tremors 2.Dizziness 3.Confusion 4.Hallucinations

Confusion

The client has been taking omeprazole for 4 weeks. The nurse evaluates that the client is receiving the optimal intended effect of the medication if the client reports the absence of which symptom? 1.Diarrhea 2.Heartburn 3.Flatulence 4.Constipation

Heartburn

The client with myasthenia gravis is suspected of having cholinergic crisis. Which sign/symptom indicates this crisis is taking place? 1.Ataxia 2.Mouth sores 3.Hypothermia 4.Hypertension

Hypertension

Carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease, and the nurse monitors the client for adverse effects of the medication. Which sign/symptom indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect? 1.Pruritus 2.Tachycardia 3.Hypertension 4.Impaired voluntary movements

Impaired voluntary movements

The client has an as needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition should the nurse administer this medication? 1.Paralytic ileus 2.Incisional pain 3.Urinary retention 4.Nausea and vomiting

Nausea and vomiting

A client has just taken a dose of trimethobenzamide. The nurse determines that the medication has been effective if the client reports which outcome? 1.Heartburn has been relieved. 2.Passage of hard stool has occurred. 3.Abdominal pain has been alleviated. 4.Nausea and vomiting has been relieved.

Nausea and vomiting has been relieved.

The client with a gastric ulcer has a prescription for sucralfate 1 g by mouth four times daily. The nurse should schedule the medication to be administered at which times? 1.With meals and at bedtime 2.Every 6 hours around the clock 3.One hour after meals and at bedtime 4.One hour before meals and at bedtime

One hour before meals and at bedtime

The client has begun medication therapy with pancrelipase. The nurse evaluates that the medication is having the optimal intended benefit if which effect is observed? 1.Weight loss 2.Relief of heartburn 3.Reduction of steatorrhea 4.Absence of abdominal pain

Reduction of steatorrhea

The client is taking docusate sodium. The nurse should monitor which result to determine the client is having a therapeutic effect from this medication? 1.Abdominal pain 2.Reduction in steatorrhea 3.Hematest-negative stools 4.Regular bowel movements

Regular bowel movements

The client who frequently uses nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been taking misoprostol. The nurse determines that this medication is having the intended therapeutic effect if which is noted? 1.Resolved diarrhea 2.Relief of epigastric pain 3.Decreased platelet count 4.Decreased white blood cell count

Relief of epigastric pain

A postoperative client requests medication for flatulence (gas pains). Which medication from the PRN list should the nurse administer to this client? 1.Ondansetron 2.Simethicone 3.Acetaminophen 4.Magnesium hydroxide

Simethicone

Ibuprofen is prescribed for a client. Which instruction should the nurse give the client about taking this medication? 1.Take with 8 oz of milk. 2.Take in the morning after arising. 3.Take 60 minutes before breakfast. 4.Take at bedtime on an empty stomach.

Take with 8 oz of milk.

The primary health care provider has written a prescription for ranitidine, for a client with gastrointestinal reflux disease. The nurse is explaining how this medication works to treat this disease. Which explanation should the nurse give? 1.The medication neutralizes stomach acid. 2.The medication hastens gastric emptying time. 3.The medication suppresses secretion of gastric acid. 4.The medication suppresses acid secretion by blocking H2 receptors.

The medication suppresses acid secretion by blocking H2 receptors.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking phenytoin for control of seizures. During data collection, the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills. Which information should the nurse provide to the client? 1.Pregnancy should be avoided while taking phenytoin. 2.The client may stop taking the phenytoin if it is causing severe gastrointestinal effects. 3.The potential for decreased effectiveness of the birth control pills exists while taking phenytoin. 4.The increased risk of thrombophlebitis exists while taking phenytoin and birth control pills together.

The potential for decreased effectiveness of the birth control pills exists while taking phenytoin.

The client has a new prescription for metoclopramide. On review of the chart, the nurse identifies that this medication can be safely administered with which condition? 1.Intestinal obstruction 2.Peptic ulcer with melena 3.Diverticulitis with perforation 4.Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy

Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy

The client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine. Which laboratory result indicates that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? 1.Sodium level, 140 mEq/L (140 mmol/L) 2.Uric acid level, 5.0 mg/dL (0.3 mmol/L) 3.White blood cell count, 3000 mm3 (3 × 109/L) 4.Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, 15 mg/dL (5.4 mmol/L)

White blood cell count, 3000 mm3 (3 × 109/L)