PHARMACOLOGY PREPU

The nurse has finished teaching a 15-year-old client how to use an inhaler to treat asthma. What statement by the client suggests an understanding of the teaching?

"I need to shake the inhaler well before taking the medication"

A nurse is providing health education to a client recently diagnosed with asthma and prescribed albuterol and ipratropium. Which of the client's statements suggests a need for clarification by the nurse?

"I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms"

The nurse assesses the serum theophylline of a client. Which finding would the nurse identify as being therapeutic?

15 mcg/mL

Mr. Ashum is prescribed an albuterol inhaler as part of his treatment regimen for asthma. What is the mechanism of action for this medication?

Albuterol causes relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscles

A client is prescribed a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of the medication therapy based on the long term management of symptoms associated with which respiratory condition?

Asthma

A client recently began taking theophylline for treatment of asthma. Which changes in the client's lifestyle would suggest that the client understands proper use of the drug and management of the disease?

Avoiding caffeine

A client is experiencing an acute asthmatic attack. Which agent would be most effective?

Beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist

What is the most common first-line therapy for relief of an acute asthma attack?

Beta2-adrenergic agonist

A client is in the clinic to have blood drawn to assess theophylline levels. The client appears to be responding well to the medication and is not experiencing any adverse effects. What serum level will the nurse expect the client to have?

Between 10 and 20 mcg/mL

A nurse is providing discharge planning for a 45-year-old woman who has a prescription for oral albuterol. The nurse will question the patient about her intake of which of the following?

Coffee

The client's theophylline levels are increased when the lab results are added to the electronic health record. The nurse questions the client about his intake of which?

Coffee

An older adult client has been prescribed an inhaled corticosteroid for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. When administering the drug, what action should the nurse perform to reduce the client's risk for developing oral candidiasis?

Have the resident rinse his or her mouth after each dose of the drug

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking a bronchodilator. In what disease process should bronchodilators be used cautiously?

Heart failure

The client uses his sympathomimetic inhaler frequently. The nurse evaluates the client for which of the following symptoms related to frequent use of the sympathomimetic inhaler?

Nervousness

The nurse teaches a client receiving an inhaled corticosteroid about the possibility of developing oral thrush. Which action(s) would the nurse include in the teaching plan as a way to reduce this risk? Select all that apply.

Performing strict oral hygiene Cleaning the inhaler per package instructions Using proper technique when administering dose

A client, experiencing respiratory distress related bronchi constriction, will benefit from what therapeutic action provided by anticholinergic medication therapy?

Relaxation of smooth muscle

A female client presents to the emergency department with acutely deteriorating asthma. Her husband tells the nurse that his wife takes salmeterol. He then tells the nurse that he gave her three extra puffs when she became ill. What statement is correct in this situation?

Salmeterol is contraindicated based on his wife's condition

A nurse is providing health teaching to a newly diagnosed asthmatic client. The client has been prescribed theophylline. The nurse should encourage the client to stop:

Smoking cigarettes

The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed albuterol. What adverse reaction should the nurse discuss during teaching?

Tachycardia

What action by the client would indicate to the nurse that the client understands how to use an inhaler?

The client holds their breath as long as possible after depressing the canister

The nurse is caring for a 38-year-old client who has been diagnosed with asthma and is prescribed albuterol. What assessment finding should the nurse most likely attribute to adverse medication effects?

The client's HR is 99 bpm

Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma and COPD?

They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators

A 70-year-old client is being treated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with theophylline. What will be a priority assessment by the nurse?

Use of nicotine

A client is being assessed by the home care nurse for the appropriate use of a metered-dose inhaler. Instructions concerning which intervention will assist a client in the proper use of the device?

Using a spacer

A patient who is prescribed ipratropium administers the drug at 9:15 AM. The patient should begin to notice the drug beginning to act at which time?

9:30 AM

A male client presents with symptoms of bronchospasm that occurred during a birthday party for his grandson. What medication would the nurse expect the health care provider to give the client?

Albuterol

After reviewing information about drugs used to treat lower respiratory system conditions, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which as an example of a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA)?

Albuterol

The parents of a 7-year-old client who has been diagnosed with allergic asthma are being taught about their son's medication regimen. The nurse is teaching about the appropriate use of a "rescue drug" for acute exacerbations. What drug should the nurse suggests the parents to use in these situations?

Albuterol

A 34-year-old client has recently started taking theophylline. The nurse knows medication teaching has been successful when the client agrees to what activity?

Avoiding beverages that contain caffeine

A client has been admitted to the emergency department (ED) in status asthmaticus. The ED nurse should anticipate administering which medication?

Beta2 agonists in high doses

A nurse would expect to increase the dosage of theophylline if the client has a current history of which of the following?

Cigarette smoking

The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed an antiasthmatic beta-adrenergic blocker. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid excessive intake of what beverage?

Coffee

A nurse is providing education to a 56-year-old man who is admitted to the emergency department with an acute asthma attack. The nurse's initial assessment reveals that the patient has a history of pneumonia, drinks large quantities of coffee, and eats a high-calorie diet. Albuterol is prescribed for him. The important consideration when the nurse is preparing a teaching plan will be that the patient:

Has a high coffee intake

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a child who has been newly diagnosed with asthma. During teaching, the nurse should explain that asthma attacks occur when mast cells release substances that cause what reaction?

Inflammation

The nurse is reviewing a client's morning blood work and notes a theophylline level of 22.2 mcg/mL (123.21 umol/L). What action should the nurse take?

Inform the health care provider that the client has toxic theophylline levels

A client is prescribed salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to be administered by which route?

Inhalation

A nurse is administering levalbuterol to a client. The nurse would administer this drug by which route?

Inhalation Rationale: Levalbuterol is administered only as an inhalant by nebulizer.

The nurse is providing education to a client with asthma on the therapeutic action of inhaled corticosteroid agents. How will the nurse describe the action?

Inhaled corticosteroid agents reduce airway inflammation

The nurse is evaluating the education of a client that uses albuterol for an acute asthma attack. The nurse knows that the lesson has been effective when the client states that albuterol is which of the following types of medication?

SABA

A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been prescribed bronchodilators by nebulizer for home use. What should the nurse teach the client to do to best assure effective use of the nebulizer?

Sit in a fully upright position when administering the medication