Pharmacology Unit 2/ Eye and Ear

Antiglaucoma agents- Cholinergic agents (miotics) (types)

Pilocarpine

Antiglaucoma agents- Osmotics (uses)

pre/post Operatively to rapidly decrase IOP also decrease ICP

Antiglaucoma agents- Cycloplegics (side effects)

tachycardia, photophobia, dry mouth

The nurse reviews the African-American client's list of meds. It is important for the nurse to be aware that the prostaglandin analogue more effective in African Americans than iun non-African Americans is what?

travoprost

Antigluacoma agents- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (side effects)

*lethargy, drowsiness, depression *anorexia, GI distress, paresthesia *polyuria, hypokalemia, renal calculi

Antiglaucoma agents- cholinergic agents (miotics) (thoughts)

*pressure canthus to keep from going systemic *antidote for systemic reaction= atropin

The nurse is showing the parent of a 2- year-ols child how to administer eardrops. Which are correct statements? (select all that apply)

*pull down on auricle *position child's head with affected ear up

The nurse is caring for a client with glaucoma. Which of the follwing medications, if prescirbed for the client, would the nruse questions?

Atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine)

The nurse prepares the client for an ear irrigation as prescribed by the physician. In performing the procedure, the nurse...

Warms the irrigating solution to 98 degrees F

A miotic medication has been prescribed for the client with glaucoma. The client asks the nurse about the purpose fo the medication. The nurse tells the client that:

"The medication causes the pupil to constrict and will lower the pressure in the yee."

Antiglaucoma agents (types)

*Cholinergic agents (miotics) *Beta-adrenergic blockers *Prostaglandin analogues *Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors *Osmotics *Anticholinergics

Drugs for ear disorders

*antifectives (for acute otitis media or swimmer's ear) *antihistamine-decongestants (to reduce nasal and middle ear congestions) *combination products (to loosen and remove impacted cerumen)

Antiglaucoma agents- Prostaglandin analogues (side effects)

*fewer side effects than beta blockers *increased bwown pigment in green-brown and yellow-brown irises *growth of eyelashes *blurred vision *conjunctivitis *dry eye/ tearing *light intolerance

The nurse prepares a health teaching plan for the client with glaucoma. Which important nursing interventions are included for this client? (select all that apply)

*instruct the client to report changes in vision and breathing *Maintain sterile technique and prevent dropper contamination during administration of eyedrops

The nurse is preparing to administer eye drops. Select the interventions that the nurse takes to administer the drops. (Select all that apply)

1. wash hands 2. put gloves on 3. place the drop inthe conjunctival sac. 4 pull the lower lid down against the cheek bone.

A client was just admitted to the hospital to rule out a GI bleed. The client has brought several bottles of medications prescribed by different specialists. During the admission assessment, the client states, "Lately, I have been hearing some roaring sound sin my ears, especially when I'm alone." Which medication would the nurse determine could be the cause of the cleint's complain?

Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

The client is receiving an eye drop and an eye ointment to the right eye. The nurse should:

Administer the eye drop first, followed byt eh eye ointment.

The client is being prepared for an eye examination. When the nurse takes the health history, the client says that she is sensitive to atropine sulfate. What drug might be used instead for the exam?

Cyclopentolate

The nurse reviews the client's list of meds, which includes mannitol. The nurse must be aware that which condition is a contraindication for use of this drug?

Dehydration

In preparation for cataract surgery, the nurse is to administer cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl) eye drops. The nurse administers teh eye drops, knowing that the purpose of this medication is to:

Dilate the pupil of the operative eye

The nurse is teaching a client with glaucoma. Which herbal product should the nurse include as not recommended for clientw with glaucoma?

Goldenseal (Any of the "G" 's "All the G's make you bleed"

The camp nurse reviews the "shopping list" of supplies needed for the upcoming camping season. What product is recommended to prevent and treat chronic impaction of cerumen?

Hydrogen peroxide

Betazolol hydrochloride (Betoptic) eye drops have been prescribed ror the client with claucoma. Which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate related to monitoring for the side effects of this medication?

Monitoring Blood Pressure

The nurse is providing instructions to a client who will be self-administering eye drops. To minimize the systemic effects that eye drops can produce, the nurse instructs the client o:

Occlude the nasolacrimal duct with a finger over the inner canthus for 30 to 60 seconds after instilling the drops

Antiglaucoma agents- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (thoughts)

Only used if oother do not work b/c it is a potent diuretic ***watch electrolytes***

The school nurse is preparing a presentation for the parent-teacher association meeting on medications commonly used in school-aged children. It is important to not what primary disadvantage of the use of combination products such as Cortisporin Otic?

School-aged children may need only one drug, not a combination

Antiglaucoma agents- Cycloplegics (action)

paralyzes the muscles of accomodation for diagnostic procedures and eye surgery

Antiglaucoma agents- Cholinergic agents (miotics) (actions)

constrict pupil

Antiglaucoma agents- Prostaglandin analogues (action)

decrease production of aqueous humor

Antiglaucoma agents- Osmotics (action)

decrease vitreous humor volume

Antiglaucoma agents- Anticholinergic Mydriatics (action)

dilates pupils for diagnostic procedures and eye surgery

An 85-year-old client is taking acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. An nursing intervention associated with clients receiving this drug it to monitor what?

electrolytes

Antiglaucoma agents- cholinergic agents (miotics) (side effects)

headache

Antiglaucoma agents- Anticholinergic mydriatics (side effects)

headache, brow pain, blurred vision

Antigluacoma agents- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (action)

interfere with production of carbonic acid, leading to decreased aqueous humor formation and decreased intraocular pressure