Phys Quiz 7: endo

The pituitary hormone that controls hormone synthesis and release from the thyroid gland is A) TSH. B) ACTH. C) FSH. D) LH. E) STH.

A) TSH.

What are the two hormones released in females in response to LH? A) estrogens and progesterones B) ANP and EPO C) prolactin and oxytocin D) GnRH and GHRH E) androgens and estrogens

A) estrogens and progesterones

What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down insulin, found in target and kidney cells? A) insulin-degrading enzyme B) insulin-tryptic factor C) enterokinase D) insulin peptidase E) proteasomal peptidase

A) insulin-degrading enzyme

The anterior pituitary hormone that controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is FSH. STH. ACTH. TSH. LH.

ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)

The posterior pituitary gland secretes MSH. ADH (Vasopressin). ACTH. TSH. FSH

ADH (Vasopressin).

Which of the following correctly describes a pathway for secretion of a hormone under the control of tropic hormones? A) TRH stimulates TSH release, which stimulates thymosin release. B) GHRH stimulates GH release, which stimulates insulin-like growth factor release. C) PRH stimulates PH release, which stimulates prolactin release. D) CRH stimulates ACTH release, which stimulates somatomedin release. E) GnRH stimulates PH release, which stimulates prolactin release.

B) GHRH stimulates GH release, which stimulates insulin-like growth factor release.

The metabolic adjustments that occur in the body during the switch from postabsorptive to absorptive state are largely triggered by increases in _______________ concentration. A) cortisol B) insulin C) glucagon D) epinephrine E) thyroid hormone

B) insulin

What ensures that blood levels of a specific releasing hormone are locally high in order to stimulate the pituitary? A) hepatic portal system B) pulsatility of tropic hormone release C) hypothalamic-pituitary portal system D) degradation rates of tropic hormones E) affinity of the tropic hormones

C) hypothalamic-pituitary portal system

What are the two classes of input that can alter the secretion of hormones? A) compression and release B) anticipated input and reflexive input C) neural signals and humoral signals D) chemical signals and mechanical input E) motor signals and sensory signals

C) neural signals and humoral signals

What hormone, released by the posterior pituitary, functions in uterine contraction and milk letdown in the breast? A) antidiuretic hormone B) somatomedin C) oxytocin D) vasopressin E) prolactin

C) oxytocin

Secretion of hormones from the anterior pituitary is stimulated by ________ released from the ________. tropic hormones : hypothalamus stimulating hormones : posterior pituitary releasing hormones : thalamus neurotransmitters : hypothalamus oxytocin : hypothalamus

C) tropic hormones : hypothalamus

Which tropic hormone is responsible for controlling the release of follicle stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary? A) growth hormone releasing hormone B) corticotropin releasing hormone C) follicle releasing hormone D) gonadotropin releasing hormone E) follicle stimulating releasing hormone

D) gonadotropin releasing hormone

The release of ________ from the pineal gland is important for establishing ________. A) melanin : thirst B) prolactin : breast milk production C) melatonin : thirst D) melatonin : circadian rhythm E) prolactin : circadian rhythm

D) melatonin : circadian rhythm

The thyroid gland secretes what hormone(s)? A) thyroid hormones only B) thymosin only C) calcitonin only D) both thyroid hormones and thymosin E) both thyroid hormones and calcitonin

E) both thyroid hormones and calcitonin

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and metabolism in many tissues is A) ACTH. B) MSH. C) prolactin. D) insulin. E) somatotropin.

E) somatotropin.

Which of the following produces the hormone calcitonin? A) adrenal medulla B) adrenal cortex C) posterior pituitary D) pancreas E) thyroid gland

E) thyroid gland

What is triiodothyronine? the hormone secreted from the thymus a thyroid hormone, also known as T3, secreted from the thyroid gland a catecholamine released from the adrenal medulla the hormone secreted from the pineal gland a catecholamine released from the adrenal cortex

a thyroid hormone, also known as T3, secreted from the thyroid gland

What hormone is secreted by the zona glomerulosa layer of the adrenal gland? progesterone epinephrine aldosterone androgens cortisol

aldosterone

pancreatic islet cell type that produces glucagon alpha cells F cells gamma cells beta cells delta cells

alpha cell

What hormone is secreted by the heart? somatostatin thymosin atrial natriuretic peptide epinephrine erythropoietin

atrial natriuretic peptide

Insulin is secreted by the ________ cells of the pancreas and stimulates ________. beta : anabolism alpha : anabolism beta : catabolism alpha : catabolism delta : anabolism

beta : anabolism

pancreatic islet cell type that produces the hormone insulin. beta cells F cells delta cells gamma cells alpha cells

beta cells

What layer of the adrenal cortex secretes androgens? zona reticularis only zona fasciculata only zona glomerulosa only both zonae reticularis and fasciculata both zonae reticularis and glomerulosa

both zonae reticularis and fasciculata

What hormone, released from the thyroid gland, regulates blood calcium? calmodulin calcitonin PTH calciferol calcitrol

calcitonin

Which of the following hormones regulates plasma calcium levels? calcitonin only calcitrol only parathyroid hormone only both calcitonin, and oxytocin calcitonin, calcitrol, and parathyroid hormone

calcitonin, calcitrol, and parathyroid hormone

Parathyroid hormone regulates blood levels of what ion? sodium T3 chloride potassium calcium

calcium

What cells secrete epinephrine from the adrenal gland? zona reticularis cells B cells D cells A cells chromaffin cells

chromaffin cells

Glucagon is secreted from ________ cells of the pancreas and stimulates ________. a. alpha : anabolism b. beta : anabolism c. delta : anabolism d. alpha : catabolism e. beta : catabolism

d. alpha : catabolism

Which of the following increases the release of glucagon? increased blood glucose, increased sympathetic activity, and decreased blood amino acids increased blood glucose, increased sympathetic activity, and increased blood amino acids decreased blood glucose, increased sympathetic activity, and increased blood amino acids decreased blood glucose, decreased sympathetic activity, and decreased blood amino acids increased blood glucose, decreased sympathetic activity, and increased blood amino acids

decreased blood glucose, increased sympathetic activity, and increased blood amino acids

Which pancreatic cell type secretes somatostatin? beta cells F cells delta cells alpha cells gamma cells

delta cells

The endocrine system, a. releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body b. is regulated mainly by positive feedback c. produces effects that last for seconds or minutes d. is not involved in homeostasis e. relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells

e. relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells

Which of the following endocrine organs essentially secretes hormones from neurons? hypothalamus gonads pancreas thymus adrenal cortex

hypothalamus

Which of the following increases blood glucose levels? increases in insulin only increases in glucagon only increases in epinephrine only increases in both insulin and epinephrine increases in both glucagon and epinephrine

increases in both glucagon and epinephrine

What is another name for the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland? pineal gland paraventricular nucleus melanocyte neurohypophysis adenohypophysis

neurohypophysis

the hormones somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon are all produced by what mixed endocrine/exocrine gland? posterior pituitary thyroid gland pancreas adrenal cortex adrenal medulla

pancreas

Which of the following tropic hormones is also known as the catecholamine, dopamine? growth hormone inhibiting hormone luteinizing hormone prolactin inhibiting hormone growth hormone prolactin releasing hormone

prolactin inhibiting hormone

The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is ACTH. prolactin. growth hormone. FSH. TSH.

prolactin.

Peripheral structures sensitive to the presence of hormones are called ________. target cells first messengers exocrine cells G-proteins second messengers

target cells

Which hormone's release is ultimately affected by TRH? sex hormones thyroid hormone insulin-like growth factors cortisol glucagon

thyroid hormone

What are hormones that regulate the release of other hormones? secondary hormones release regulating hormones stimulatory hormones tropic hormones primary hormones

tropic hormones