physcology chapters 5 - 7

In the context of the theories of intelligence, which of the following statements is true of creative people?

They appreciate art and music.

Rules of thumb that help us simplify and solve problems are known as

heuristics

These neurons fire when an animal observes the behavior of another animal and that behavior stimulates imitative behavior in the first animal

mirror neurons

Two-year old Paris got excited when "gooses" crossed the sidewalk in front of her family on a walk. Her effort to regularize the irregular plural of geese is an example of

overregularization

Caleb is learning potty training. He now knows the word potty can refer to the bathroom, the toilet itself, and the act of using the toilet. Caleb has learned what aspect of language

semanticity

Which of the following statements is true of the nativist theory of language development?

Children bring neurological prewiring to language learning.

Which of the following illustrates continuous reinforcement?

Clara gets a chocolate bar from her father every time she completes a household chore

Luis has listened to his father lecture him about how important it is to wash your hands after using the bathroom, but he has never seen his father watch his hands after using the restroom. Based on observational learning, what is most likely true?

Luis will talk about how important cleanliness is, but not practice it

Monte just realized it is nearing the end of the month. He reminds himself to pay the rent tomorrow before noon. What type of memory is Monte utilizing?

Prospective memory

In Robert Rescorla's experiment, what happened to the group of dogs to whom a shock was consistently presented after a tone?

The group of dogs learned to show a fear response at the sound of the tone.

Learning that is hidden or concealed refers to

latent learning

The ability to generate novel and useful solutions to problems is also known as

creativity

In which of these strategies does the problem solver associate freely to the elements of the problem, allowing "leads" to run a nearly limitless course?

divergent thinking

Using the phrase "Elvis's Guitar Broke Down on Friday" to remember the lines (EGBDF) in a musical treble clef is an example of

elaborative rehearsal

According to Arne Öhman and Susan Mineka, humans are not biologically prepared by evolutionary forces to develop fears of any kind.

false

Cognitive psychologists explain the outcome of classical conditioning in terms of the publicly observable conditions of learning.

false

The communication systems of the birds and the bees have high semanticity. true or false?

false

How to perform different skills and actions is a component of

implicit memory

Knowing how to play a piano without much conscious effort illustrates

implicit memory

In the context of memory and forgetting, one of the cognitive explanations for infantile amnesia states that:

infants do not make reliable use of language to symbolize or classify events.

Hedwig learned how to play racquetball prior to learning how to play tennis. Because of this, her tennis game has never been that good. The difficulty stems from

proactive interference

Because of her poor health, your Aunt B had to take a lot of medication. She usually does a good job remembering to take it but sometimes forgets to do so. Of what type of memory is this a failure of forgetting?

prospective memory

Channing walked into a Moroccan restaurant and was surprised that he did not see any utensils (i.e., fork, knife, & spoon). Their surprise stems from the fact that he had never eaten without utensils before. This is an example of a(n)

schema

In the context of fear-reduction techniques, behavior therapists frequently prefer the client to be gradually exposed to fear-evoking stimuli under circumstances in which he or she remains relaxed. This is known as

systematic desensitization

Behavioral psychologists believe learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior that arises from practice or experience

true