Physical Science - Chapter 1-5 Reading Check

A swimmer cannot snorkel more than a meter deep because air:

At the surface will not freely enter the higher-pressure region in the compressed lungs

What is the cosmic identity for art?

Beauty

As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes:

Bigger

In a vacuum, an object has no:

Buoyant force

Suppose you're coasting in a car at 60 km/h and apply the brakes until you slow to 40 km/h. When you suddenly release the brake, the car tends to

Continue moving at 40 km/h in the absence of forces

Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small have a tug-of-war on a polished floor. Arnold wears socks and Suzie wears gym shoes. The likely winner is

Suzie

The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that:

Upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the:

Weight of the atmosphere

A car's engines is 20% efficient. When cruising, the car encounters an average retarding force of 1000 N. If the energy content of gasoline is 40 MJ/L, how many kilometers per liter does the car get?

8 km/L

How far must one travel to get away from Earth's gravity?

Forget it; you can't travel far enough

According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the

Greater the gravitational force between them

If the volume of an object were to double while its mass stays the same, its density would

Halve

Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged

Is the same on each

Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration

Is zero

A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged at the bottom of the ocean. Compared to its weight above the surface, the lobster will have an apparent weight under water that is

Less

A lunar month is about 28 days. If the Moon were farther from Earth than it is now, the lunar month would be

More than 28 days

Minimal orbit speed about Earth is about 8 km/s. Minimal orbital speed about Jupiter would be

More than 8 km/s

An Earth satellite is in an elliptical orbit. The satellite travels fastest when it is:

Nearest the Earth

Compared with a 1-kg block of solid iron, a 2-kg block of solid iron has the same: - All of these - Volume - Mass - Weight - None of these

None of these

A pulley system raises a 1000-N load with 100 N of input force. The efficiency of the system is

Not enough information given

What prevents satellites such as the space shuttle from falling?

Nothing, they continually fall all around the Earth

What is the cosmic identity for science?

Order

What is the cosmic identity for religion?

Purpose

Which of the following statements about science is plagiarized from this week's readings?

Science is an ongoing human activity that represents collective efforts, findings, and wisdom of the human race, an activity that is dedicated to gathering knowledge about the world and organizing it into testable laws and theories.

A ball player wishes to determine pitching speed by throwing a ball horizontally from an elevation of 5 m above the ground. The player sees the ball land 20 m down range. What is the player's pitching speed?

20 m/s

An empty roller coaster car at an amusement park takes 3 min to make its ride from start to finish. Neglecting friction, a fully loaded car would take

3 min

How many joules of energy are in 1 kWh?

3.6 MJ

A 500-N parachutist opens his chute and experiences an air resistance force of 800 N. The net force on the parachutist is

300 N upward

A 300-kg bear grasping a vertical tree slides down at constant velocity. The friction force between the tree and the bear is

3000 N

A TV set is pushed a distance of 2 m with a force of 20 N that is in the same direction as the set moves. How much work is done on the set?

40 J

A piece of taffy slams into and sticks to another identical piece of taffy that is at rest. The momentum of the two pieces stuck together after the collision is the same as it was before the collision, but this is not true of the kinetic energy, which is partly turned into heat. What percentage of the kinetic energy is turned into heat?

50%

An object travels 8 m in the first second of travel, 8 m again during the second second of travel, and 8 m again during the third second. Its acceleration in meters per second per second is

0

What is the acceleration of a car that maintains a constant velocity of 100 km/h for 10 s?

0 m/s^2

Two identical freight cars roll without friction towards each other on a level track. One rolls at 2 m/s and the other rolls at 1 m/s. After the cars collide, they couple and roll together with a speed of

0.5 m/s

An apple weighs 1 N. The magnitude of net force on the apple when it is in free-fall is

1 N

One liter of water has a mass of:

1 kg

A car moves 4 times as fast as another identical car. Compared to the slower car, the faster car has

16 times the KE

The vertical height attained by a basketball player who achieves a hang time of a full 1 s is about

1.2 m

Two identical gliders slide toward each other on an air track. One moves at 1 m/s and the other at 2 m/s. They collide and stick. The combined mass moves at

1/2 m/s

A 1-kg mass at the Earth's surface weighs about

10 N

The gain in speed each second for a freely falling object is about:

10 m/s

A package falls off a truck that is moving at 30 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, the horizontal speed of the package just before it hits the ground is

About 30 m/s

Hang from a pair of gym rings and the upward support forces of the rings will always

Add up to equal your weight

A moving object has: - Speed - Velocity - Energy - Momentum - All of these

All of these

An object in mechanical equilibrium is an object: - At rest - All of these - Moving with constant velocity - Having no acceleration

All of these

Suppose a particle is being accelerated through space by a 10-N force. Suddenly the particle encounters a second force of 10 N in the opposite direction of the first force. The particle with both forces acting on it

Continues at the speed it had when it encountered the second force

The two measurements necessary for calculating average speed are:

Distance and time

Whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the:

Distance that a force acts

The force of gravity does work on a satellite when it is in:

Elliptical orbit

According to Newton's law of inertia, the result of walking much of the day is similar to tightening the head of a hammer when its handle hits a solid surface (Figure 2.2 in the text) so that we are actually a little bit shorter in the

Evening

If a battleship sinks in a canal lock, the water level in the lock will:

Fall

A hunter aims a rifle at an angle of 10° above the horizontal. The hunter fires a bullet while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. Which bullet will hit the ground first?

The dropped one

Compared with the mass of a certain object on Earth, the mass of the same object on the Moon is

The same

A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. Neglecting air resistance, the speed with which it is caught is

The same as the speed it had when thrown upwards

When writing an essay about risk assessment, would you have to provide a reference or citation for the following statement? Risk can vary for different groups. Aspirin is useful for adults, but for young children it can cause a condition known as Reye's syndrome.

Yes! It paraphrases a quotation from page 9 in the textbook.