Physical Science Midterm
Work
Energy is the ability to do what?
Pure Substances or Mixtures
Matter can be classified as_________ or _________?
Galileo
What Italian scientist made precise measurements of the acceleration due to gravity of falling objects by dropping them off the Tower of Pisa?
Elements and Compounds
What are Pure Substances?
conduction, convection, radiation
What are the 3 main forms of heat transfer?
homogeneous and heterogenous
What are the two types of mixtures?
Force= mass x acceleration
What does f=ma stand for
solids
What form of matter uses conduction?
the energy of what is
What is Kinetic Energy?
F=ma
What is Newton's second law of motion?
Elements
What is a substance that cannot be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical methods called?
entropy is a measure of disorder
What is entropy?
thermal energy
What is heat?
the energy of what can be done
What is potential energy
Conservation of energy
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
Entropy
What is the second law of thermodyanmics?
Elipses
What shape did Kepler's model use for the planetary orbits around the Sun?
Measurements laying foundation for laws of motion and of gravity, built telescopes to observe planets up close
What were Galileo's major achivement?s
Laws of motion (F=ma), Built reflecting telescopes to observe the cosmos, showed white light composed of all colors, invented calculus,
What were Newton's Major achievements?
Isaac Newton
Which Scientists put together the theories of Galileo and Copernicus to create his 3 famous laws?
Gas
Which of the following phases of matter completely fills its container?
Solid
Which of the following phases of matter has definite shape?
Solid, Liquid
Which of the following phases of matter has definite volume?
Liquid, Gas
Which of the following phases of matter takes the shape of the container?
Copernicus
Who proposed a sun-centered model of the universe in 1543 just before his death, which contrasted with the "established" sun-centered model of Ptolemy?
Kepler
Who used careful measurements (from Tycho Brahe), to propose his (three) laws of planetary motion?
Claudius Ptolemy
Who was the greek astronomer who proposed the first enduring theory of the earth-centric (or geo-centric) model?
Copernicus
Who wrote "on the revolution of the spears?"
force x displacement
Work=?
Liquids and gases
what form of matter uses convection?
power
what is the amount of work per unit of time taken to accomplish that work?
