Physical Science Practice Final

The charge on alkali metal ions is

+2

. Molecular motion in a gas is the minimum possible at

-273 ° C

The voltage needed to produce a current of 8 A in a resistance of 13 ohms is

104 V

Ocean waves whose period is 8 s are observed to have a wavelength of 100 m. Their speed is

12.5 m/s

The mass number of the nucleus 15 N is 7

15

The missing number in the equation ( )C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 +10H2O is

2

The product of the alpha decay of the polonium isotope 210 Po is 84

206 Pb 82

A 1-kg object is moving at 20 m/s. To double its kinetic energy, its speed should be increased to approximately

28 m/s

An airplane reaches its takeoff speed of 60 m/s in 20 s starting from rest. The time it spends in going from 50 m/s to 60 m/s is

3.3 s

The number of moles of H2O formed when 1 mole of O2 reacts with C5H12 in the reaction C5H12 + 8O2 → 5CO2 + 6H2O is

3/4

The work done in lifting 10 kg of bricks to a height of 40 m on a building under construction is

4000 J

A net force of 100 N gives an object an acceleration of 2 m/s2. What net force would give the same object an acceleration of 1 m/s2?

50 N

The number of carbon atoms in a benzene ring is

6

The number of electrons shared among the carbon atoms in a benzene ring is

6

The number of calcium atoms in 1 mole of calcium is

6 × 1023

An airplane travels at constant speed for a distance of 600 km in a time of 20 min. Its speed is

600 km/hr

The number of neutrons in the nucleus 15 N is 7

7

A 3000-kg truck accelerates from 10 m/s to 30 m/s in 8 s. The net force on the truck is

7500 N

A square foot contains approximately

929 cm2

A double helix structure is characteristic of

DNA

The fundamental reaction of neutralization is

H++OH-→H2O

A proton has twice the de Broglie wavelength of an electron

The electron has the higher speed

Photosynthesis produces

carbohydrates

Of the following, the gas that contributes most to global warming is

carbon dioxide

The breakdown of the ozone layer is promoted by the emission into the atmosphere of

carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels

Which of the following statements is true?

The moon is chiefly responsible for the tides, with the sun's influence modifying the tidal range

The discovery that the planetary orbits are ellipses rather than circles was made by

Kepler

The object in the sky that lies very nearly on an extension of the earth's axis is

Polaris

According to the uncertainty principle, it is impossible to precisely determine

both the position and the momentum of a particle

The particle easiest to remove from an atom is an

electron

Each dash in the structural formula of an organic molecule represents a shared

electron pair

The work output of every heat engine

equals the difference between its heat intake and heat exhaust

Chemical reactions that give off energy are called

exothermic

Air near the equator averages higher temperatures than air near the poles because

sunlight falls more nearly vertically at the equator than near the poles

An example of an ionic solid is

table salt

Kepler modified

the Copernican system

When a hydrogen atom is in its lowest energy level,

the de Broglie wavelength of its electron equals its orbit circumference

After 20 years, 150 g of an original sample of 200 g of a certain radioactive isotope has decayed. The half-life of the isotope is

10 years

A ship travels 60 km to the south and then 80 km to the east. The ship's displacement from its starting point is

100 km

When the temperature of a volume of air is equal to its dew point, the relative humidity of the air is

100%

An 80-dB sound relative to a 40-dB sound is more intense by a factor of

10000

When 100 kJ is removed from a 4-kg metal bar, its temperature drops from 200°C to 100°C. The specific heat of the metal is

0.16 kJ/kg. °C

A net horizontal force of 2000 N is applied to a 1000-kg car at rest. The car's speed after 6 s will be

0.3 m/s

A car starts from rest and reaches a speed of 12 m/s in 10 s. Its acceleration is

1.2 m/s2

A 60-kg woman climbs a hill 300 m high in 30 minutes. Her average power output during the climb is

10 W

In which one or more of the following is the earth assumed to be the center of the universe? A. the Ptolemaic system B. the Copernican system C. Kepler's laws of planetary motion D. Galileos system

A. the Ptolemaic system

Which of the following electron jumps in a hydrogen atom emits the photon of lowest frequency? A. n = 1 to n = 2 B. n = 2 to n = 1 C. n = 2 to n = 3 D. n = 5 to n = 4

B. n = 2 to n = 1

Which of the following statements is incorrect? A. All vector quantities have directions. B. All vector quantities have magnitudes. C. All scalar quantities have directions. D. All scalar quantities have magnitudes.

C. All scalar quantities have directions.

Which of the following statements is not true? A. Protons are positively charged. B. The proton mass is greater than the electron mass. C. The proton mass is almost the same as the neutron mass. D. A proton in an atom circulates around its nucleus.

C. The proton mass is almost the same as the neutron mass

Heat can be transferred through a vacuum by which one or more of the following? A. conduction B. convection C. radiation D. condensation

C. radiation

Which of the following is not a unit of work? A. Newton-meter B. Joule C. Kilogram-meter D. Watt-hour

D. Watt-hour

The highest of the following is/are: A. the summit of Mt. Everest. B. cirrus clouds. C. the ozone layer. D. the ionosphere.

D. the ionosphere

The electromagnetic waves emitted by a nucleus are called

a gamma ray

Relative to the radio signals sent out by a spacecraft headed away from the earth, the signals that are received on the earth have

a lower frequency

The ozone in the stratosphere

absorbs solar ultraviolet radiation

In a covalent compound

adjacent atoms share electron pairs

The bonds between the atoms in a molecule of a saturated organic compound are

all single

The nucleus of a helium atom is called

an alpha particle

The sun

attracts light waves passing nearby

The nucleus of an atom cannot be said to

be electrically neutral

Most solids are

crystalline

The properties of several different materials are being compared. If the samples all have the same mass, the one with the greatest volume also has the greatest

density

The time needed for a planet to orbit the sun

depends on the average distance of the planet from the sun

An example of a covalent solid is

diamond

The most active of the following nonmetals is

fluorine

The property of light waves that leads to the phenomenon of color is

frequency

Suppose there were molecules that had no attraction whatever for one another. A collection of such molecules would form a

gas

Protons and neutrons are held together to form nuclei by the

gravitational interaction

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a

group

Sound waves whose frequency is 300 Hz have a wavelength relative to sound waves in the same medium whose frequency is 150 Hz that is

half as great

When light is directed at a metal surface, the emitted electrons

have energies that depend upon the frequency of the light

Elements with similar properties (other than atomic mass)

have similar valence electron configurations

The second most abundant element in the universe is

hydrogen

A gas confined at 2 atmospheric pressures at room temperature is released from its container. What can be said of the total entropy after release compared to when confined in bottle?

increases

With increasing temperature, the solubility of a solid in a liquid

increases

According to the general theory of relativity, gravitation

is a distortion in space-time

The speed of a photon

is equal to the speed of light

Protons and electrons have different masses. When they are the same distance apart, the electric force between two electrons

is the same as the force between two protons

The upper limit to the speed of an object with mass

is the speed of light

When saturated air is warmed,

it becomes able to take up more water vapor

When a liquid freezes into a solid,

it gives off heat

Ice floats in water because

its density is less than that of water

When the speed of a moving object is doubled

its momentum is doubled

What distinguishes the scientific method from other ways of looking at the natural world is

its reliance on experiment and observation

When a planet is farthest from the sun in its orbit,

its speed is least

On a molecular level heat is

kinetic energy

High tides occur

less often than low tides

If a spaceship 100 m long when at rest on the earth were to travel at nine-tenths the speed of light, its length as measured by an observer on the earth would be

less than 100 m

The number of protons in a stable nucleus is always

less than or equal to the number of neutrons

The speed of the wave packet that corresponds to a moving particle is

less than the speed of light

Acids do not

liberate OH- ions when dissolved in water

A compass needle tends to

line up parallel to a magnetic field

The greater the decibel (dB) level of a sound wave, the

louder it is

The largest number of elements are classed as

metals

When 1 g of a metal is oxidized, the resulting oxide has a mass that is

more than 1 g

An example of an exothermic process is the

neutralization of an acid by a base

When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, its new mass number is

never more than its original mass number

Approximately 4/5 of dry air consists of

nitrogen

The isomers of a compound have different

structures

At an equinox, the noon sun is

overhead at the equator

Temperatures in the stratosphere increase with altitude because of the presence there of

ozone

A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a

period

In an electromagnetic wave, the electric field is

perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the wave direction

A molecule that has lost an electron becomes a

positive ion

The energy liberated in a chemical reaction comes from the

potential energy of atomic electrons

Amino acids are the basic units of

proteins

DNA controls the development and functioning of a cell by governing its manufacture of

proteins

When a substance gains electrons in a chemical reaction, the substance is said to be

reduced

On a rainy day the maximum frictional force between a car's tires and a certain level road surface is reduced to one quarter its usual value. The maximum safe speed for rounding a curve is

reduced to 71% of its usual value

A photon is emitted by an atom when one of the atom's electrons

shifts to a lower energy level

The higher the frequency of a sound wave, the

shorter its wavelength

In the distant past, the length of the day was

shorter than 24 h

The most active of the following metals is

sodium

Of the following kinds of waves, the ones that cannot travel through a vacuum are

sound waves

A magnetic field does not interact with a

stationary electric charge

An atomic nucleus has a mass that is

the same as the total mass of its constituent nucleons

The acceleration of gravity on the surface of Mars is 3.7 m/s2. Compared with his or her mass and weight on the earth, an astronaut on Mars has

the same mass and less weight

Which of the following quantities is always the same to all observers?

the speed of light

What never changes when two or more objects collide is

the total momentum of all the objects

Weather phenomena such as clouds and storms are found in the

troposphere

A sample of a gas is expanded to twice its original volume while its temperature is held constant. Relative to their original average energy, the new average energy of the molecules is

twice as great

The weakest bonds are

van der Waals

Relative to the gravitational force between two protons, the electric force between them is

weaker

The primary coil of a transformer is connected to a source of direct current of voltage V. The voltage of the secondary current is

zero