Physics Study Guide
The symbol for the standard unit for measuring displacement is
m
A force is a vector quantity because it has both
magnitude and direction
A scalar has______, while a vector has both magnitude and ______
magnitude...direction
An object maintains its state of motion because it has
mass
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, the ball's acceleration during its flight
never changes direction
A ball is thrown downward with a large starting velocity, will this ball accelerate more rapidly than one that is dropped with no initial velocity? explain
no because they both have an acceleration of 10m/s^s down
Another name for contact forces is
non-fundamental ex: normal force, force applied, tension, air resistance
A bullet shot straight up returns with a speed of 50m/s to its starting point in 10s. What is the initial speed of bullet?
50m/s
If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60km/h in 10 seconds, its acceleration is
6 km/h/s
The radius of Earth is 6,370,000 m. Express this measurement in km scientific notation with the correct number of significant figures
6.37 x 10^6 m
A physicist filled a small hydraulic tube with 643 uL of fluid. How many liters is this?
6.43 x 10^-4 L
How many grams is 0.00997 kg of aluminum?
9.97 x 10 ^0 g
An astronaut weighs 990 N on Earth. How much does he weigh on the Moon where the acceleration of gravity on the Moon is 1.6m/s^2?
160N
The average speed of horse that gallops a distance of 10km in a time of 30 min is
20 km/h
It is possible for an object to have zero velocity when it traveled with an average speed of 8m/s? Explain
Yes because the object can end at its reference point, giving it a zero displacement. Zero divided by any number will be zero, giving it a zero average velocity?
The slope of velocity-time graph always represents
acceleration
Equilibrium occurs when
all of the forces acting on an object are balanced, the sum of rightward forces equals the sum of the leftward forces, the net force on the object is zero, and the sum of the upward forces equals the sum of the downward forces
The change in position is best referred to as
displacement
A race car complete exactly 2 laps around an oval track. Which of the following pairs of quantities pairs of quantities concerning its motion would both have values of zero?
displacement, average velocity
A race car completes exactly 4 laps around an oval track. Which of the following pairs of quantities concerning its motion would both have values of zero?
displacement, average velocity
What are vector quantities?
displacement, velocity, and acceleration
The total length of a journey is best called
distance
Non-contacct forces are forces that
do not come in contact or touch the objects together
An object is propelled along a straight line path by a force. If the net force were doubled, the object's acceleration would
double
A gravitational force exerted on an object would most likely be represented by which force vector?
down arrow
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, at the instant right before the ball hits the ground, the ball's velocity is
downward
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, at the peak of the ball's flight, the ball's acceleration is
downward
The Newton is a unit of
force
How do you describe a free-body-diagram?
force diagram that shows force vectors as arrows and force exerted on the object are represented
Example of a non-contact force- name the force and write the symbol
force of gravity Fg
Another name for the non-contact forces is
fundamental forces, action-at-a distance, or field forces ex: force of gravity, electromagnetic force
Compared to a 1 kg block of solid iron, a 2 kg block of solid iron has twice as much
inertia, mass, and volume
The acceleration produced by a net force on an object is
inversely proportional to the mass of the object, directly proportional to the magnitude of the force, and in the same direction as the net force
The base SI unit of mass is
kilogram
The acceleration due to gravity depends on
latitude and altitude
What twi dimensions, in addition with mass, are commonly used by physicists to derive additional measurements?
length and time
An elevator suspended by a vertical cable is accelerating downward. The tension in the cable must be
less than the weight of the elevator
Your weight is actually
the gravitational attraction between you and earth (Force of Gravity or Fg)
A very steep slope on a position-time graph indicates
the object has a high speed
A horizontal line on velocity-time graph indicated
the object's speed is constant
An object weights 30N on Earth. A second object weights 30N on the moon. Which has the greater mass?
the one on the moon
In the absence of air resistance, the acceleration of stone thrown upward is
the same as that of a stone thrown donward
Average speed can be best defined as
the total distance covered over the total time measured
Average speed can be best defined as
the total distance covered over the total time measured (elapsed time)
Two objeccts are thrown from the top of a tall building. One is thrown upward, and the other is thrown down, both with the same initial speed. What are their speeds when they hit the ground?
they are traveling at the same speed
Contact forces are forces that
touch two objects together
Objects A and B both starts from rest. They both accelerates at the same rate. However, object A accelerates for twice the time as object B. What is the final speed of object A compared to that of object B?
twice as fast
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, as the ball travels upward
velocity us upward and acceleration is downward
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, at the peak of the ball's flight, the ball's velocity is
zero
Which answer follows the correct rules for significant figures on following operation 4200.5 kg/ 32.5 kg
129
Which answer follows the correct rules for significant figures on following operation: 126.05 cm + 3.367 cm
129.42 cm
An 120.2 km trips takes a time of 0.87h to complete. The average speed, expressed in the correct manner, is
1.4 x 10^2 km/h
A 1-kg mass at the earth's surface weighs
10N
Memory storage in a laboratory computer is measured in bytes. How many bytes files will fit on a 3 Giga Bytes (Gb) hard drive?
3.0 x 10^9 bytes
A man weighs 800N stands at rest on two bathroom scales so that his weight us distributed evenly over both scales. The reading on each scale is
400N
An object has an acceleration of 6m/s^. If the net force acting upon the object is increased by a factor of 2 and the mass of the object is increased by a factor of 3, then the new acceleration would be
4m/s^2
FBD stands for and shows what
Free-Body Diagram and shows the forces that the object is experiencing in the appropriate directions
State Newtons 1st Law provide two real life applications to show how the physics concepts of the law can be applied in our daily life
an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion at a constant velocity unless a force is applied to it a car traveling at a constant velocity applies their brakes a calculator sitting/resting on a desk
A ball is thrown upwards, and eventually hits the ground, the ball's velocity during its flight
changes direction
Suppose a partible is accelerated though space by a constant force of 10N. Suddenly the partible encounters a second force of 10N in a direction opposite to that of the first force. The particle
continues at a speed it has when it encountered the second force
You are in a train traveling on a horizontal track and notice that a piece of luggage starts to slide directly toward the back of the train. from this observation, you can conclude that this train is
speeding up
Compared to the mass of a certain object on earth, the mass of the same object on the moon is
stays the same
Example of two contact forces- name the forces and write the symbols
tension Ft and Applied force Fapp
The distance an object travels stays the same the time required to travel that distance increases. It can be concluded that
the average speed decreased
A ball is thrown downward with a large starting velocity, will this ball reach the ground sooner than one that is dropped at the same time from the same height? explain
the ball thrown down will reach the ground sooner than the ball that was dropped because there is more force