physics unit 9

Max Planck

discovered a formula to describe the curve of radiation in blackbodies

Ultraviolet catastrophe

failure of a blackbody to emit radiation in the ultraviolet light z range

Schrodenger

first to suggest that a wave equation could be used to determine the probability of an electron occupying a particular shell

de Broglie

first to suggest that particles of matter should have wave properties

Sommerfeld

introduced the second and third quantum numbers

Young

performed the double slit experiment, proving the wave nature of light

Rutherford

performed the gold foil experiment and proposed the planetary model of the atom

Raisin pudding model

the model of the atom wherein small negatively-charged spots were suspended in a large positively-charged field

Photoelectric effect

the phenomenon of electrons being emitted when light strikes a metal surface and demonstrates that light travels as a particle

First quantum number

describes the energy shell of the electron

Third quantum number

describes the orientation of the orbital

Second quantum number

describes the shape of the orbital

Fourth quantum number

describes the spin of the electron

direction of spin

The fourth quantum number has to do with _____.

lines

A special device can produce a crisp picture of an element's emission spectrum by separating the light into clearly defined __________.

emission

A spectroscope can display a(n) ____________ spectrum from a glowing element.

Electron

According to classical physics a(n) ___________ is in a constant state of acceleration.

electrons

An atom in its normal state has the same number of protons as ________.

light

An element is heated, it incandesces, which means it emits __________.

next higher

As energy is added to the atom, the electrons momentarily shift to the _________________ energy level.

photon

As the energy level of an atom shifts back from an excited state to a normal state, a(n) _______ is released.

increase

As the temperature of a blackbody rises, the frequency of the energy emitted will ___________.

frequencies

Different amounts of energy produce light of different ______________.

Yes, the nature of light has a wave-particle duality.

Does light consist of electromagnetic waves or streams of particles?

electrons

Each energy shell is made up of one or more ___________ traveling with a particular frequency.

standing wave

Each energy shell of an electron is a(n) ________ of vibrations of the electron.

Thomas Young

His double slit experiment seemed to settle the question about the nature of light—light definitely consisted of waves.

photons

Light consists of ____ that travel as waves.

particle

Light emission is explained by the __________ theory of light.

principal or first

The quantum number associated with the energy shell level in which the electron is located at any one time is the _______ quantum number.

Planck

The scientist who gave a quantum description and formula to describe the curve of radiation in blackbodies was _____.

Cloud diagram

Method of displaying the probabilities of an electron's position

complementarity

Niels Bohr, one of the most important scientists in the history of atomic research, called this relationship between these two aspects _____________.

Sommerfeld

The scientist who responsible for introducing the second and third quantum numbers was _____.

shape of the orbital

The second quantum number has to do with _____.

ultraviolet catastrophe

Scientist call the failure of a blackbody to emit high levels of radiation in the ultraviolet light range the _____.

negatively

The "raising pudding" model of the atom had a positively charged "sea" of pudding with _______ charged electrons floating around it, like raisins.

standing wave

The electron must find an energy level where its oscillations form a(n) ________.

thomson

The electron was discovered by _______ in 1897.

Planck's constant

The energy of a photon is found by multiplying the frequency of the light wave by _____________.

protons

The nucleus of an atom contains certain number of _______ and a certain number of neutrons.

particle

The only way the the photoelectric effect can be satisfactorily explained is by the __________ theory of light.

photoelectric effect

The phenomenon of electrons being emitted when light strikes a metal surface is called the _____.

electrons

The planetary model of an atom has _______ orbiting the nucleus.

uncertainty principle

The principle that it is impossible to be sure of both the position and momentum of an electron at any one instant is called the ________.

cloud

The probabilities on an electron's position are best visualized with an electron ________ diagram.

orbital's orientation

The third quantum number has to do with _____

Werner Heisenberg

The uncertainty principle is mostly related to _____.

Erwin Schrödinger

Which scientist suggested that a wave equation could determine the probability of an electron occupying any particular shell?

Louis de Broglie

Which scientist suggested that particles of matter in motion should have wave properties?

Werner Heisenberg

Which scientist's uncertainty principle stated that it was impossible to be certain about the precise position and momentum of an electron at any one instant?

rutherford

___________ proposed the planetary model of the atom.