Physiological Module 9.2

Sodium-specific hunger is closely associated with

hypovolemic thirst

Your posterior pituitary is most likely to release antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

if you are very thirsty

​What area of the brain is largely responsible for detecting osmotic pressure?

OVLT and subfornical organ

​Hypovolemia induces thirst by the production of which hormone?

angiotensin II​

​Like vasopressin, ____ constricts the blood vessels, compensating for the drop in blood pressure

angiotensin II​

​Approximately what percent of the mammalian body is composed of water?

70%

Hypovolemic thirst

can be satisfied better by salt water than by pure water

​The hormone aldosterone results in the

conservation of sodium

​Vasopressin raises blood pressure by

constricting the blood vessels

What effect does the hormone angiotensin II have?​

constriction of blood vessels

​The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control

drinking

After a lesion to the lateral preoptic area, a rat would react to an increase in sodium levels by

drinking less and excreting highly concentrated urine

​Eating salty potato chips increases the concentration of sodium in the

extracellular fluid

Vasopressin and angiotensin II are similar in that they both promote

increased blood pressure

​What causes hypovolemic thirst?

low blood volume

What kind of thirst is produced by an increased concentration of solutes in the blood?

osmotic

​The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed

osmotic pressure

​A combination of the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin II leads to an increase in preference for ____ tastes

salty

​Diabetes insipidus literally means "passing without taste" because the urine is produced in such large quantities that it is tasteless. This disease is most likely caused by a problem with the production or release of

vasopressin

​Which hormone, released by the posterior pituitary, both raises blood pressure and enables the kidneys to reabsorb water?

vasopressin