Physiology Quiz 5

Refer to the following figure, which diagrams the reproductive anatomy of the human male, to answer the question(s) below. In the above figure, which letter points to the testis?

A

Which of the following best describes the neuroendocrine-to-endocrine pathway of hormone action?

A neural organ that produces hormones regulates another gland through the release of hormones into the circulation that travel to the affected gland.

Which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells?

B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells

What causes rejection by the body's immune system after a transplant of an improperly matched organ? I) non-self proteins in the tissue II) the presence of foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins on the donor tissue III) antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) responding to foreign tissue

I, II, and III

The middle ear converts _____.

air pressure waves to fluid pressure waves

A physician finds that a nine-year-old male patient is entering puberty much earlier than is usual. Such a condition is most likely the result of a tumor in the _____

anterior pituitary, producing elevated levels of gonadotropin-stimulating hormone

A fruit fly, internally infected by a potentially pathogenic fungus, is protected by its _____.

antimicrobial peptides

A newborn who is accidentally given a drug that destroys the thymus would most likely _____.

be unable to differentiate and mature T cells

In vertebrate animals, spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in that _____.

cytokinesis is unequal in oogenesis, whereas it is equal in spermatogenesis

The cell-mediated immunity that destroys virally infected cells primarily involves _____.

cytotoxic T cells

A bone marrow transplant may not be appropriate from a given donor (Jane) to a given recipient (Jane's cousin Bob), even though Jane has previously given blood for one of Bob's needed transfusions, because _____.

even though Jane's blood type is a match to Bob's, her major histocompatibility (MHC) proteins may not be a match

Bat echolocation (sonar) is most closely related to which human sensory system?

hearing

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are synthesized in the _____

hypothalamus

After drinking alcoholic beverages, increased urine excretion is the result of _____.

inhibited secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What kind of immune responses do insects have?

innate immunity only

Which of the following are examples of amplification of a hormone signal? I) Epinephrine initiates an enzyme cascade. II) Steroids bind hormone-response elements in the cell and initiate transcription of many genes. III) A quantity of 0.09 mg of growth hormone leads to a 10,000-mg weight gain in a cow. IV) Different cell types have different receptors capable of binding the same hormone.

only I, II, and III

Which of the following contributes to the continued development and maintenance of the uterus during pregnancy?

progesterone

Sound waves arriving at a listener first strike the _____.

tympanic membrane

The activation of helper T cells is likely _____.

when an antigen is displayed by a dendritic cell

The perceived pitch of a sound depends on _____.

which region of the basilar membrane was set in motion